327 research outputs found
Tests of the Electroweak Sector of the Standard Model
The Electroweak sector of the Standard Model is reviewed and best fits are
presented for its free parameters based on currently available experimental
tests. The Standard Model remains an excellent descriptions of the available
experimental data. The preferred mass range of the still elusive Higgs boson in
the Standard Model is GeV at the 95% Confidence Level.
A Standard Model Higgs in this mass range is likely to be observed in the years
2007--2010, either at the Tevatron or at the LHC.Comment: 20 pages, 38 figures, Plenary presentation at the HEP2005
International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics, EPS (July
21st-27th, 2005) in Lisboa, Portuga
Snowmass 2021 Topical Report on Synergies in Research at Underground Facilities
This is a Snowmass 2021 Topical Report for the Underground Facilities and
Infrastructure Frontier on Synergies in Research at Underground Facilities: A
broad range of scientific and engineering research is possible in underground
laboratories, beyond the physics-focused activities described in the other
Underground Facilities and Infrastructure Topical Reports. These areas of
research include nuclear astrophysics, geology, geoengineering, gravitational
wave detection, biology, and perhaps soon quantum information science. This UF
Topical Report will survey those other scientific and engineering research
activities that share interest in research-orientated Underground Facilities
and Infrastructure. In most cases the breadth and depth of research aims is too
large to cover in completeness and references to surveys or key documents for
those fields are provided after introductory summaries. Additional attention is
then given to shared, similar, and unique needs of each research area with
respect to the broader underground research community's Underground Facilities
and Infrastructure needs. Where potential conflicts of usage type, site, or
duration might arise, these are identified.Comment: Snowmass 2021 Topical Report (UF5
The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection
High-energy neutrino astronomy will probe the working of the most violent phenomena in the Universe. The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection (GRAND) project consists of an array of ∼ 105 radio antennas deployed over ∼ 200 000 km2 in a mountainous site. It aims at detecting high-energy neutrinos via the measurement of air showers induced by the decay in the atmosphere of τ leptons produced by the interaction of cosmic neutrinos under the Earth surface. Our objective with GRAND is to reach a neutrino sensitivity of 5 × 10−11E−2 GeV−1 cm−2 s−1 sr−1 above 3 × 1016 eV. This sensitivity ensures the detection of cosmogenic neutrinos in the most pessimistic source models, and up to 100 events per year are expected for the standard models. GRAND would also probe the neutrino signals produced at the potential sources of UHECRs
Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory
A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding
eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers
with zenith angles greater than detected with the Pierre Auger
Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum
confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above
eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law with
index followed by
a smooth suppression region. For the energy () at which the
spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence
of suppression, we find
eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger
Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers.
These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of
the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray
energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30
to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of
the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is
determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated
using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due
to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components.
The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of
the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the
AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air
shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy
-- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy
estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the
surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator
scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent
emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for
the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at
least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio
emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate
energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of
15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV
arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling
quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from
state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our
measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric
energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with
our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector
against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI.
Supplemental material in the ancillary file
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