More than a riot: Understanding the role of the police in crowd disturbances and moving toward a theory of police behaviour

Civil protests. Music concerts and festivals. Sporting events. Parades and other large-scale celebrations. While these events differ in terms of their purpose, they are fundamentally all the same: they draw large crowds of people into public spaces, and, in the interest of maintaining public safety, they all require the presence of the police to monitor and manage the behaviours of individual crowd members. Even though most of these large-scale public gatherings are peaceful, crowds’ proclivity towards violence and destruction appears to be on the rise (Kaplan et al., 2020; Reid, 2020). According to the predominant theories and research on crowds and public-order policing, the manner in which the police respond to the crowd may play a role in influencing whether or not a crowd event ends peacefully (e.g., Wahlstorm, 2007). However, the inability of these theories and studies to account for discrepancies in the effectiveness of police approaches to crowd management across different events suggests there may be more to it than merely the police response that impacts the outcome of a crowd event. Using data collected from a sample of Vancouver police officers following the 2011 Stanley Cup riot, this dissertation explores some of the nuances associated with the policing side of crowd events in three separate, yet related studies. Focusing specifically on the events that transpired during the 2011 Stanley Cup riot, the first two studies explore police perceptions of the utility of the Meet-and-Greet crowd management strategy, and the potential influence the police officers themselves had on the effectiveness of this strategy during the riot. Examining police perceptions of the broader climate of policing around the time of the 2011 Stanley Cup riot, the final study explores the potential role that contextual factors play in shaping the policing of large-scale public events. By highlight some of the challenges and obstacles officers face when policing crowds, these studies may assist in deepening our understanding of public-order policing. This dissertation will outline some of practical and theoretical implications stemming from these results, as well as future directions for research focusing on the policing of large-scale public events

UL Annual Report 2018-2019

This report highlights some of the ways the Libraries help students succeed, supports faculty research, and provides valuable cultural and educational opportunities for the UA community and the region

Discoverability for the Open Authoring Model

Über die letzten Jahre wurde ein großer Anstieg an Open-Authoring-Modellen verzeichnet. Diese erreichten Rekordzahlen für Preprint-Versionen, welche im vergangenen Jahr veröffentlicht, begutachtet und überarbeitet wurden. Dieser frühzeitige und offene Umgang mit Artikeln oder einzelnen Kapiteln ermöglicht nicht nur eine Beschleunigung im Kontext der Forschungsarbeit, sondern ebnet gleichzeitig den Weg zu einem allumfassenden Open-Access-Ansatz. Jedoch gibt es gerade im Zusammenhang mit der Auffindbarkeit, der Nachvollziehbarkeit einzelner Versionen, der Maschinenlesbarkeit und der Kontinuität eindeutiger Identifikatoren noch Herausforderungen, die es gemeinsam zu bewältigen gilt, um das inhärente Potenzial zur Gänze auszuschöpfen. ScienceOpen hat es sich als Recherche- und Entdeckungs-Plattform zur Aufgabe gemacht, den Forschern/Forscherinnen die Suche nach den jeweils relevantesten Veröffentlichungen durch die optimale Nutzbarmachung der Informationen aus den Quellen und Metadaten zu vereinfachen. So kann z.B. die Auffindbarkeit durch strukturierte Daten im Vergleich zu einer „toten“ pdf-Datei um das zwanzigfache gesteigert werden. Autoren/Autorinnen selbst können hierbei eine nicht zu verachtende Rolle spielen, indem sie sicherstellen, dass ihre Inhalte den FAIR-Richtlinien (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reuseable) folgen. Plattformen, die ein Open Authoring Modell unterstützen, sollten diese Prinzipien der vereinfachten Auffindbarkeit, Zugänglichkeit, Zusammenführbarkeit, und Nutzbarmachung großschreiben

Recruiting and Retaining Individuals with Serious Mental Illness and Diabetes in Clinical Research: Lessons Learned from a Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Abstract: Recruitment and retention of individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) and comorbid diabetes mellitus (DM) in research studies can be challenging with major impediments being difficulties reaching participants via telephone contact, logistic difficulties due to lack of transportation, ongoing psychiatric symptoms, and significant medical complications. Research staff directly involved in recruitment and retention processes of this study reviewed their experiences. The largest barriers at the macro, mediator, and micro levels identified in this study were inclement weather, transportation difficulties, and intermittent and inaccessible telephone contact. Barrier work-around practices included using the health system’s EHR to obtain current phone numbers, providing transportation assistance (bus passes or parking reimbursement), and flexible scheduling of appointments. Suggestions are intended to assist in planning for recruitment and retention strategies

Broadening diversity through creative involvement to identify research priorities

Background Patient and public involvement (PPI) can help with steering and shaping research prioritisation and execution. However, some groups of people may not be encouraged to take part and their voices may be seldom listened to in the production of research. This is important to consider because they may have poorer healthcare experiences. We tried using art as a vehicle for including individuals not necessarily invited to be part of research priority setting. Methods We contacted existing groups and organisations to reach people not routinely supported to be part of PPI. We targeted individuals: a) with dementia, b) with a mental and physical health condition, c) of South Asian heritage. We ran a workshop with each group at which individuals shared their experiences of healthcare. A young amateur artist also attended, who produced a piece of artwork afterwards that reflected the research priorities raised. We held a Twitter chat to discuss these pieces of art and the processes involved in their generation. Results From each workshop, we produced a list of research priorities. These included: a) improving coordination of care for people with dementia, b) information needs and anxiety/guilt around accessing care for people with physical and mental health conditions, c) supporting discussion of women’s health issues in South Asian communities. These priorities were reflected in three pieces of art, which can be viewed online. Feedback from those at workshops suggested that the artwork helped them to feel that their voice had been heard and triggered their interest in how research is developed. Those involved in the Twitter chat commented that art was one means through which researchers could connect with a range of groups in a PPI context when preparing and producing a study. Conclusions We found the medium of art to be an effective way of including a range of people in research prioritisation setting. This approach could be useful for future PPI, building on what we have learnt from the project described in this paper

The Vehicle, Fall 2007

Table of Contents Is This Thing On?Nichole D\u27Antoniopage 1 Death Came KnockingJacob Dawsonpage 5 Awaiting DecemberRebecca Griffithpage 9 ginamarieElizabeth Hoodpage 11 She LongsJennifer O\u27Neilpage 12 ForgottenStephanie Drozdpage 13 Art House WomanGreg Harrellpage 14 Young Woman OlderAmanda Vealepage 15 FirstRebecca Griffithpage 17 FlowJacob Dawsonpage 19 Am Animal AwareDanielle Meyerpage 20 Geneva 04\u27Stephanie Guyerpage 21 Poland, 1942.Jennifer O\u27Neilpage 22 Witness to the Atrophy of ForestsDanielle Meyerpage 23 Helvellyn IJacob Fosterpage 24 Three Out of Five Ain\u27t BadThomas McElweepage 25 FarceAmanda Vealepage 31 Strength of EmotionJennifer O\u27Neilpage 32 About the Authors Art Submissions Prerequisite for a RequiemJenna Smithcover Girl 3Jenna Smithpage 14 ManJenna Smithpage 16 Give Peace a ChanceMegan Mathypage 16 GraceJennifer O\u27Neilpage 20 Oh, the Places You\u27ll Go!Megan Mathypage 23https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1086/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Fall 2007

Table of Contents Is This Thing On?Nichole D\u27Antoniopage 1 Death Came KnockingJacob Dawsonpage 5 Awaiting DecemberRebecca Griffithpage 9 ginamarieElizabeth Hoodpage 11 She LongsJennifer O\u27Neilpage 12 ForgottenStephanie Drozdpage 13 Art House WomanGreg Harrellpage 14 Young Woman OlderAmanda Vealepage 15 FirstRebecca Griffithpage 17 FlowJacob Dawsonpage 19 Am Animal AwareDanielle Meyerpage 20 Geneva 04\u27Stephanie Guyerpage 21 Poland, 1942.Jennifer O\u27Neilpage 22 Witness to the Atrophy of ForestsDanielle Meyerpage 23 Helvellyn IJacob Fosterpage 24 Three Out of Five Ain\u27t BadThomas McElweepage 25 FarceAmanda Vealepage 31 Strength of EmotionJennifer O\u27Neilpage 32 About the Authors Art Submissions Prerequisite for a RequiemJenna Smithcover Girl 3Jenna Smithpage 14 ManJenna Smithpage 16 Give Peace a ChanceMegan Mathypage 16 GraceJennifer O\u27Neilpage 20 Oh, the Places You\u27ll Go!Megan Mathypage 23https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1086/thumbnail.jp

Widespread nitrogen fixation in sediments from diverse deep-sea sites of elevated carbon loading

Nitrogen fixation, the biological conversion of N_2 to NH_3, is critical to alleviating nitrogen limitation in many marine ecosystems. To date, few measurements exist of N_2 fixation in deep‐sea sediments. Here, we conducted > 400 bottle incubations with sediments from methane seeps, whale falls and background sites off the western coast of the United States from 600 to 2893 m water depth to investigate the potential rates, spatial distribution and biological mediators of benthic N_2 fixation. We found that N2 fixation was widespread, yet heterogeneously distributed with sediment depth at all sites. In some locations, rates exceeded previous measurements by > 10×, and provided up to 30% of the community anabolic growth requirement for nitrogen. Diazotrophic activity appeared to be inhibited by pore water ammonium: N_2 fixation was only observed if incubation ammonium concentrations were ≤ 25 μM, and experimental additions of ammonium reduced diazotrophy. In seep sediments, N_2 fixation was dependent on CH_4 and coincident with sulphate reduction, consistent with previous work showing diazotrophy by microorganisms mediating sulphate‐coupled methane oxidation. However, the pattern of diazotrophy was different in whale‐fall and associated reference sediments, where it was largely unaffected by CH_4, suggesting catabolically different diazotrophs at these sites