Structural Behavior of Continuous Steel-Reactive Powder Concrete Composite Member under Repeated Loads

يهتم هذا البحث بدراسة السلوك الانشائي للاعضاء المركبة المستمرة حديد-خرسانة المساحيق التفاعلية تحت تأثير الاحمال التكرارية. العتبة المركبة هي العتبة التي تتكون من بلاطة خرسانية مرتبطة بعتبة من الفولاذ بمقطع على شكل حرف (I) بواسطة روابط قص على شكل براغي ذات رؤوس. أجرينا الدراسة بجزئين عملي ونظري. حيث يتألف النموذج من بلاطة خرسانية مرتبطة بعتبة من الفولاذ بواسطة روابط قص تم تثبيتها بواسطة اللحام على السطح العلوي للشفة العليا لكل عتبة فولاذية.  ابعاد البلاطة الخرسانية (2200 x250 x80 مم، الطول x العرضx العمق)، وابعاد كل عتبة فولاذيه (2200 x 142مم، الطولx العمق). ستة أنواع مختلفة من الاعتاب المركبة لدراسة عدة متغيرات وقياس عدة نتائج، مثل التحميل الاقصى، والانحراف، ونمط التشقق عند الحمل الاقصى. وكانت متغيرات الدراسة نوع الخرسانة (خرسانه عاديه وخرسانة المسحوق التفاعلي)، ونوع التحميل، ونوع شرط الحدود وعدد مختلف من روابط القص. في الجزء النظري، تم تصميم الاعتاب المختبرية عدديا وتحليلها باستخدام طريقة العنصر المحدود. وقد تم تنفيذ النماذج العددية في ثلاثة أبعاد من قبل حزمة البرمجيات ANSYS 16.1. أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى أن الاتجاه العام في الحمل النهائي هو الانخفاض باستخدام (استخدام خرسانة عادية وفحص تحت الحمل التكراري واسناد بسيط وتقليل عدد روابط القص)، بنسبة (23.4، 9.2، 42.4، 18.7، 23.15) ٪ على التوالي.This paper presents an experimental investigation on the structural behavior of continuous steel-reactive powder concrete composite member under repeated loads. Composite-beam, including one steel I-beam and concrete slab, which are jointed together by shear connector. The study was conducted in experimental and theoretical parts. The concrete deck slab was connected to steel I-beams by headed steel studs welded to the top flanges of the steel I-beams. The dimensions of the deck slab are (2200×250×80mm: length×width×thickness), while the type of I-beam is (IPE 140) with length of (2200mm). To study the continuous steel-reactive powder concrete composite member such as the ultimate load carrying capacity,  deflection and  crack pattern at the ultimate load, six different types of beams were tested. The parameters of the study were type of concrete (RPC and Normal Concrete (NC)), type of loading, type of boundary condition and different number of shear connector. In the theoretical part, the tested beams were numerically modeled then analyzed using the finite element method. The numerical models were carried out in three dimensions of the software package (ANSYS 16.1).  The results of the study indicate that the general trend in ultimate load is to decrease with (use normal concrete, test under repeated load, use simply supports and reduce the number of shear connectors), by (23.4, 9.2, 42.4, 18.7 and 23.15) % respectively

Prediction of evolutionarily conserved interologs in Mus musculus

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Identification of protein-protein interactions is an important first step to understand living systems. High-throughput experimental approaches have accumulated large amount of information on protein-protein interactions in human and other model organisms. Such interaction information has been successfully transferred to other species, in which the experimental data are limited. However, the annotation transfer method could yield false positive interologs due to the lack of conservation of interactions when applied to phylogenetically distant organisms.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>To address this issue, we used phylogenetic profile method to filter false positives in interologs based on the notion that evolutionary conserved interactions show similar patterns of occurrence along the genomes. The approach was applied to <it>Mus musculus</it>, in which the experimentally identified interactions are limited. We first inferred the protein-protein interactions in <it>Mus musculus </it>by using two approaches: i) identifying mouse orthologs of interacting proteins (interologs) based on the experimental protein-protein interaction data from other organisms; and ii) analyzing frequency of mouse ortholog co-occurrence in predicted operons of bacteria. We then filtered possible false-positives in the predicted interactions using the phylogenetic profiles. We found that this filtering method significantly increased the frequency of interacting protein-pairs coexpressed in the same cells/tissues in gene expression omnibus (GEO) database as well as the frequency of interacting protein-pairs shared the similar Gene Ontology (GO) terms for biological processes and cellular localizations. The data supports the notion that phylogenetic profile helps to reduce the number of false positives in interologs.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We have developed protein-protein interaction database in mouse, which contains 41109 interologs. We have also developed a web interface to facilitate the use of database <url>http://lgsun.grc.nia.nih.gov/mppi/</url>.</p

Various methods for retrofitting prestressed concrete members: A critical review

Structures of a building can get exposed to adverse conditions resulting from overloading situations, which would eventually contribute to massive building degradation. The choice to repair the building structures seems to be very costly. The possible step that could be taken is by implementing a method of reinforcing and strengthening the building structures. For the past years, strengthening methods by implementing various innovative technologies has been seen to become a modern scientific topic in the fields of environmental and civil engineering study. Previous related studies on the reinforcement of pre-stressed concrete beams (PSC) by adding different elements have been observed by past researchers. The tests were carried out to evaluate the shear and flexural capacities of the building structures after the mechanisms were installed. A large number of scholars have conducted such studies with different types of interacting factors. In this study, a review will be presented by analyzing various techniques that have been implemented by multiple researchers for strengthening pre-stressed concrete beams, as well as their shear and flexure performances of the beams

Flexural strengthening of the continuous unbonded post -tensioned HSC beams by precast SIFCON laminates

Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete (SIFCON) is a cementitious composite with outstanding durability and mechanical characteristics. Accordingly, the current research studies the behavior of continuous unbonded post-tensioned HSC beams that were flexural strengthened with precast SIFCON laminates. Four prestressed concrete beams with dimensions (200x300) mm and 4300 mm length were fabricated have been strengthened with 30 mm thick precast SIFCON laminates gluing with epoxy and were tested to understand the influence of their strengthening with using the various length of the laminates. The results showed that the use of precast SIFCON laminates is an effective method in enhancing the capacity of load-carrying and stiffness of continuous unbonded post-tensioned HSC beams. Used various lengths of precast SIFCON laminates in hogging and sagging regions led to positively affected by delaying the first crack appearance time of the tested beams between (56.1%-60%), Increased the ultimate flexural capacity of the test beams (36.9%-43.6%), and improving in stiffness about (153.7%-243.6%). When comparing specimens unstrengthened and strengthened, the strengthening generally leads to a reduction in the crack width in central support and mid-span regions. In other words, the crack behavior was enhanced

Generating dynamical black hole solutions

We prove a theorem that characterizes a large family of non-static solutions to Einstein equations, representing, in general, spherically symmetric Type II fluid. It is shown that the best known dynamical black hole solutions to Einstein equations are particular cases from this family. Thus we extend a recent work of Salgado \cite{ms} to non-static case. The spherically symmetric static black hole solutions, for Type I fluid, are also retrieved.Comment: 8 Pages, RevTe

The neonatal outcomes of Dexamethasone administration before scheduled cesarean delivery at term: a randomized clinical trial

Background: Caesarean delivery (CD) rates in developing countries are rising beyond the recommended rates of World health organization. Objective of this study was to evaluate whether Dexamethasone injections reduce neonatal incubation admissions when given before scheduled caesarean delivery (CD) at term or not.Methods: A double blinded, two armed, randomized clinical trial was conducted at Tanta University hospitals in the period from October 2017 to March 2019. Four hundred pregnant women admitted for scheduled CD with gestational age ≥37 weeks were included. Patients were randomized into study group and control group. The study group was given 3 dexamethasone doses, 8 mg each while control group was given saline injections simultaneously as a placebo drug. The primary outcome was the neonatal incubatory admissions.Results: Demographic data in both groups were comparable. Transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN) was 15.47% in study group versus 20.33% in control group with p=0.227. The respiratory distress (RDS) in study group was 6.63% versus 9.89% in control group with p=0.260. The incubation admissions were nasal oxygen 12.71% versus 15.38%, continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (CPAP) 5.52% versus 8.24% and mechanical ventilation was 3.87% versus 6.59% in the study and control groups respectively.Conclusions: Although Dexamethasone administration before scheduled CD at term reduced both respiratory morbidity and incubation admissions, the differences between study and control groups were not significant

Antidiabetic potential of Lantana aculeata root extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

The present study investigates the antidiabetic potential of dried mature roots of Lantana aculeata, a weed belonging to verbenaceae family on biochemical profile in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The effects of an ethanolic extract of the dried mature roots of Lantana aculeata on serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma insulin and liver glycogen were examined in control and experimental groups. Lantana aculeata root extract reduced the serum glucose concentration at 24, 48 and 72 hours. To verify the activity sub-chronically, the extract administered orally in the doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg to diabetic rats for 30 days, that significantly reduced the level of glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides with an increase in insulin and glycogen concentration to near normal levels in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicate that roots of Lantana aculeata possess antidiabetic potential in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The activity might be due to high concentration of oleanolic acid present in the roots.Keywords: Antidiabetic activity, Lantana aculeata roots, Oleanolic aci