1,019 research outputs found
On axially symmetrical solitons in Abelian-Higgs models
A numerical search for bosonic superconducting static vortex rings in a
model is presented. The fate of these rings without
current, is to shrink due to their tension until extinction. The
superconductivity of the loop does not seem to prevent shrinking. Current
quenching takes place before stabilization.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Physica
"Learning to live with what you can't rise above": control beliefs, symptom control, and adjustment to tinnitus.
The relations between 3 types of perceived control, symptom severity, and 2 adaptational outcomes, depressive symptoms and psychological well-being, were examined in a sample of 319 people with tinnitus. Consistent with previous studies of control and adjustment to chronic health conditions, general health and symptom control were associated with better psychological adjustment, and retrospective control was associated with worse psychological adjustment. Only symptom control emerged as a significant moderator in the symptom severity-adjustment relationship, such that stronger beliefs in one's ability to control symptoms were most strongly associated with better adjustment among those with more severe tinnitus symptoms. These findings were consistent with coping perspectives and cognitive adaptation theory and suggest that symptom-related perceptions of control may be an effective coping resource to nurture in chronic health contexts with severe symptoms
Polarized Dirac fermions in de Sitter spacetime
The tetrad gauge invariant theory of the free Dirac field in two special
moving charts of the de Sitter spacetime is investigated pointing out the
operators that commute with the Dirac one. These are the generators of the
symmetry transformations corresponding to isometries that give rise to
conserved quantities according to the Noether theorem. With their help the
plane wave spinor solutions of the Dirac equation with given momentum and
helicity are derived and the final form of the quantum Dirac field is
established. It is shown that the canonical quantization leads to a correct
physical interpretation of the massive or massless fermion quantum fields.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX w AMS sym
Species of Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) and other nematode genera associated with insects from Pinus pinaster in Portugal
Insects associated with maritime pine, Pinus pinaster, in Portugal were collected
and screened for the presence of Bursaphelenchus species. Nematodes were
identified using Internal Transcribed Spacers-Restriction Fragment Length
Polymorphism (ITS-RFLP) analysis of dauer juveniles and morphological
identification of adults that developed from dauer juveniles on fungal cultures
or on cultures in pine wood segments at 26 C. Several associations are
described: Bursaphelenchus teratospicularis and Bursaphelenchus sexdentati are
associated with Orthotomicus erosus; Bursaphelenchus tusciae, B. sexdentati and/or
Bursaphelenchus pinophilus with Hylurgus ligniperda and Bursaphelenchus hellenicus
with Tomicus piniperda, Ips sexdentatus and H. ligniperda. An unidentified
Bursaphelenchus species is vectored by Hylobius sp. The previously reported
association of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus with Monochamus galloprovincialis
was confirmed. The association of Bursaphelenchus leoni with Pityogenes sp. is
not definitively established and needs further studies for clarification.
Other nematode genera besides Bursaphelenchus were found to be associated
with the insects sampled, including two different species of Ektaphelenchus, Parasitorhabditis
sp., Parasitaphelenchus sp., Contortylenchus sp. and other unidentified
nematodes. The Ektaphelenchus species found in O. erosus is morphologically
similar to B. teratospicularis found in the same insect; adults of both the species
are found in cocoon-like structures under the elytra of the insects.
Introduction
Approximately one third of the nematodes belonging to
the order Aphelenchida Siddiqi, 1980 are associated with
insects (Poinar, 1983). These nematodes establish a variety
of associations with the insects, which may be
described as commensalism, e.g. phoresy (to the benefit
of the nematode but not affecting the insect), mutualism
(both the organisms benefit) or parasitism (nematodes
benefit at the expense of the insect) (Giblin-Davis,
2004).
Most Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 species are mycetophagous,
feeding on fungi in the galleries of bark beetles
and thu
What do young athletes implicitly understand about psychological skills?
One reason sport psychologists teach psychological skills is to enhance performance in sport; but the value of psychological skills for young athletes is questionable because of the qualitative and quantitative differences between children and adults in their understanding of abstract concepts such as mental skills. To teach these skills effectively to young athletes, sport psychologists need to appreciate what young athletes implicitly understand about such skills because maturational (e.g., cognitive, social) and environmental (e.g., coaches) factors can influence the progressive development of children and youth. In the present qualitative study, we explored young athletes’ (aged 10–15 years) understanding of four basic psychological skills: goal setting, mental imagery, self-talk, and relaxation. Young athletes (n = 118: 75 males and 43 females) completed an open-ended questionnaire to report their understanding of these four basic psychological skills. Compared with the older youth athletes, the younger youth athletes were less able to explain the meaning of each psychological skill. Goal setting and mental imagery were better understood than self-talk and relaxation. Based on these findings, sport psychologists should consider adapting interventions and psychoeducational programs to match young athletes’ age and developmental level
Statefinder diagnostic in a torsion cosmology
We apply the statefinder diagnostic to the torsion cosmology, in which an
accounting for the accelerated universe is considered in term of a
Riemann-Cartan geometry: dynamic scalar torsion. We find that there are some
typical characteristic of the evolution of statefinder parameters for the
torsion cosmology that can be distinguished from the other cosmological models.
Furthermore, we also show that statefinder diagnostic has a direct bearing on
the critical points. The statefinder diagnostic divides the torsion parameter
into differential ranges, which is in keeping with the requirement of
dynamical analysis. In addition, we fit the scalar torsion model to ESSENCE
supernovae data and give the best fit values of the model parameters.Comment: 18 pages, 15 figures, accepted paper in JCA
Magnetized cosmological perturbations
A large-scale cosmic magnetic field affects not only the growth of density
perturbations, but also rotational instabilities and anisotropic deformation in
the density distribution. We give a fully relativistic treatment of all these
effects, incorporating the magneto-curvature coupling that arises in a
relativistic approach. We show that this coupling produces a small enhancement
of the growing mode on superhorizon scales. The magnetic field generates new
nonadiabatic constant and decaying modes, as well as nonadiabatic corrections
to the standard growing and decaying modes. Magnetized isocurvature
perturbations are purely decaying on superhorizon scales. On subhorizon scales
before recombination, magnetized density perturbations propagate as
magneto-sonic waves, leading to a small decrease in the spacing of acoustic
peaks. Fluctuations in the field direction induce scale-dependent vorticity,
and generate precession in the rotational vector. On small scales, magnetized
density vortices propagate as Alfv\'{e}n waves during the radiation era. After
recombination, they decay slower than non-magnetized vortices. Magnetic
fluctuations are also an active source of anisotropic distortion in the density
distribution. We derive the evolution equations for this distortion, and find a
particular growing solution.Comment: Revised version, typos corrected, to appear in Phys. Rev.
An adaptive inelastic magnetic mirror for Bose-Einstein condensates
We report the reflection and focussing of a Bose-Einstein condensate by a new
pulsed magnetic mirror. The mirror is adaptive, inelastic, and of extremely
high optical quality. The deviations from specularity are less than 0.5 mrad
rms, making this the best atomic mirror demonstrated to date. We have also used
the mirror to realize the analog of a beam-expander, producing an ultra-cold
collimated fountain of matter wavesComment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Convenient Versus Unique Effective Action Formalism in 2D Dilaton-Maxwell Quantum Gravity
The structure of one-loop divergences of two-dimensional dilaton-Maxwell
quantum gravity is investigated in two formalisms: one using a convenient
effective action and the other a unique effective action. The one-loop
divergences (including surface divergences) of the convenient effective action
are calculated in three different covariant gauges: (i) De Witt, (ii)
-degenerate De Witt, and (iii) simplest covariant. The on-shell
effective action is given by surface divergences only (finiteness of the
-matrix), which yet depend upon the gauge condition choice.
Off-shell renormalizability is discussed and classes of renormalizable
dilaton and Maxwell potentials are found which coincide in the cases of
convenient and unique effective actions. A detailed comparison of both
situations, i.e. convenient vs. unique effective action, is given. As an
extension of the procedure, the one-loop effective action in two-dimensional
dilaton-Yang-Mills gravity is calculated.Comment: 25 pages, LaTeX file, HUPD-93-0
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Drainage flow over complex terrain
Model calculations even carried in order to simulate tracer release experiments at the Geysers Area. Comparisons with the experimental data provide a test of current ability to model pollutant transport. The calculations were carried out with a windfield code (ATMOS1) and an advection-diffusion code (ATMOS2). The resulting concentrations permit prediction of tracer particle collections at the measurement stations. Comparison of the observations and predictions of sequential and integrated counts shows generally good agreement, but with discrepancies in some instances. The method appears to be a useful one for pollutant transport predictions and for parametric studies
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