Growth Modelling Components of the AFFFM

When developing the AFFFM, a conscious decision was made at an early stage to populate the model with as much data as possible. By doing so it was felt that the model would be more useful to a wider range of users. A module was developed which contains information about potential growth rates, harvest ages and log prices for a number of suitable timber species for the Atherton Tableland, the Darling Downs and the New England Tableland regions of eastern Australia. Data on the potential growth rate, harvest age and product mixtures for tree species suitable for plantations on the New England Tablelands and Darling Downs were generated using the Plantgro program. Users of the model from these areas can choose to load the appropriate values for the various species by specifying the location and soil type of the planned plantation. Data on the potential growth rate, harvest age and timber price for 31 species of cabinet timbers in Far North Queensland were also included. These data were obtained from a previous survey of forestry experts undertaken by Herbohn et al. (1999). This chapter outlines the process through which growth data used in the AFFFM were collected

Fluorocarbon Complexes of the Transition Metals

Reactions of transition metal carbonyl and cyclopentadienyl complexes with disulphides and acetylenes bearing fluorocarbon substituents have been investigated. Photolytic reactions of disulphides RSSR, R = CF3, C6F5 are considered to proceed via RS radicals and with dimeric complexes monomers have been obtained e. g. [CpMo(CO)3]2 -RS→CpMo(CO)3SR Use of closed reaction systems has enabled the identification of thermally unstable compounds such as Mn(CO)5SCF3 and CpNi(CO)SR which decarbonylate readily in an open system to di-or polymeric mercapto bridged complexes e.g. 2Mn(CO)5SCF3→ [Mn(CO)4SCF3]2 + 2C0 The dimers in many cases exhibit isomerism due to inversion at sulphur and this has been studied by i.r. and n.m.r. spectroscopy. The photolytic reactions of disulphides and monomeric carbonyls e. g. Fe(CO)5, Mo(CO)6, gave dimeric mercapto-bridged compounds directly, e.g. [Fe(CO)3SCF3]2 [Mo(CO)4SCF3]2, but in the absence of u. v. light CpCo(CO)2 and C6F5SSC5F4 gave CpCo(CO)(SC6F5)2 which can be decarbonylated to [CpCoSC6F5]2, illustrating that monomeric carbonyls can react with disulphides to give sulphur bridged dimers via an oxidative addition reaction. Possible mechanisms of these reactions and steric and electronic effects of the substituent on sulphur are discussed. Reactions of these organothic derivatives with acetylenes CF3C=CCF3 and CF3C=CH gave a variety of novel complexes. Complexes CrMo(CO)3SCF3, M = Mo, W,were observed to undergo CO substitution by CF3C2CF3 to give CpM(C0)2(CF3C2CF3)SCF3, the variable temperature n.m.r. spectra of which have been interpreted in terms of restricted rotation of the SCF3, ligand. Similar complexes were obtained with CH3C=CCH3 and PhC=CPh. In contrast CpMo(CO)3SCF3 and CF3C=CH gave the cyclopentadienone derivative CpMo(CO)[ (CF3C2H)2CO]SCF3 which was photochemically decarbonylated to [CpMo[(CF3C2H)2CO]SCF3]2. Insertion of CF3C=CCF3 into the Mn-S bond of [Mn(CO)4SC6F5]2 gave Mn(CO)4C(CF3)=C(CF3)SC6F5 while CF3C=CH gave Mn(CO)4(CF3C2H)2SC6F5. With excess acetylene the former yielded Mn(CO)3[C4(CF3)4SC6F5] which has been shown by X-ray studies to contain a non-planar heterocyclic sulphonium ion [C4(CF3)4SC6F5] bonded to an Mn(CO)3 species. Several other examples of acetylene insertion into M-S bonds were observed but with [Fe(CO)3SR]2 insertion into the Fe-Fe bond gave complexes [Fe(CO)3SR]2CF3C2R' , R'= CF3, H. X-ray studies of [Fe(CO)3SCF3]2CF3C2CF3 have revealed that this results in a significant change in the Fe2S2 ring geometry which allows the formation of the syn (axial, axial) isomer not observed in the parent complexes. [CpCoSR]2 and CF3C=CCF3 in contrast gave CpCoC6(CF3)6 containing a tetrahapto hexakis(trifluoromethyl)benzene ligand. Attempts have been made to rationalise the various reaction types in terms of the properties of possible reaction intermediates. Reactions of certain cyclopentadienyl-nickel complexes with hexa-fluorobut-2-yne gave products resulting from condensation of the acetylene and a cyclopentadienyl ligand, e. g. Cp2Ni + CF3C=CCF3-->CpNi[(C5H5)C4(CF3)4] while in other cases cyclooligomerisation of the acetylene was observed. These reactions have been rationalised in terms of acetylene coordination promoting a pi-d rearrangement of a cyclopentadienyl ligand. Several complexes were isolated in which a pi-cyclopentadienyl ligand appears to have been replaced by a nickelacyclopentadiene ring, CpNiC4(CF3)4, e.g. Cp2Ni3C6(CF3)6, CpNi2[C4(CF3)4(C5H5)C2F3Cl] and [C5H5NiC2(CF3)2]4. The crystal structure of the last has been solved and suggests that the molecule is formed by a Diels-Alder addition of the nickelacyclopentadiene ring of a dinuclear intermediate [CpNiC2(CF3)2]2 to the 1,2 positions of a cyclopentadienyl ring of a second dimeric species. The reactions of CpMo(CO)3X, X = Cl, Br, I, with acetylenes . RC=CR, R = CF3, CH3, have been found to give sixteen electron molybdenum complexes CpMo(RC2R)2X and with R = CH3 tetramethylquinone was also obtained. Variable temperature n.m.r. studies suggest that the coordinated acetylenes undergo an intramolecular exchange reaction at temperatures above -25C, R = CF3, +15C, R = CH3 CpMo(CO)3X and PhC=CPh gave sixteen electron complexes CpMo(C0)(PhC2Ph)X at low temperatures (< 50 C) or on photolysis in pentane. At higher temperatures the tetraphenylcyclobutadiene derivatives CpMo(CO)(PhC)4X were obtained. Brief studies of reactions of acetylenes with transition metal trifluorophosphine complexes suggest that in certain cases the latter react in a similar manner to analogous carbonyl derivatives. CpCo(PF3)2 and CF3C=CCF3 gave CpCo[C4(CF3)4PF3] according to mass spectral evidence and this undergoes stepwise hydrolysis to [CpCoC4(CF3)4PO2H] via CpCo[C4(CF3)4POF]. An X-ray study of the terminal hydrolysis product has revealed a structure containing a heterocyclic P(v) ring pi-bonded to a cyclopentadienyl-cobalt moiety. This is analogous to CpCo[C4(CF3)4CO] obtained from the reaction of CpCo(CO)2 ana CF3C=CCF3

Space biology initiative program definition review. Trade study 6: Space Station Freedom/spacelab modules compatibility

The differences in rack requirements for Spacelab, the Shuttle Orbiter, and the United States (U.S.) laboratory module, European Space Agency (ESA) Columbus module, and the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) of Space Station Freedom are identified. The feasibility of designing standardized mechanical, structural, electrical, data, video, thermal, and fluid interfaces to allow space flight hardware designed for use in the U.S. laboratory module to be used in other locations is assessed

Developing targeted health service interventions using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model: two Australian case studies

&nbsp;This paper provides an overview of the applicability of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model to the development of targeted nursing led chronic illness interventions. Background. Changing health care practice is a complex and dynamic process that requires consideration of social, political, economic, and organisational factors. An understanding of the characteristics of the target population, health professionals, and organizations plus identification of the determinants for change are also required. Synthesizing this data to guide the development of an effective intervention is a challenging process. The PRECEDE-PROCEED Model has been used in global health care settings to guide the identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation of various health improvement initiatives. Design. Using a reflective case study approach, this paper examines the applicability of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model to the development of targeted chronic care improvement interventions for two distinct Australian populations: a rapidly expanding and aging rural population with unmet palliative care needs and a disadvantaged urban community at higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Results. The PRECEDE-PROCEED Model approach demonstrated utility across diverse health settings in a systematic planning process. In environments characterized by increasing health care needs, limited resources, and growing community expectations, adopting planning tools such as PRECEDE-PROCEED Model at a local level can facilitate the development of the most effective interventions. Relevance to Clinical Practice. The PRECEDE-PROCEED Model is a strong theoretical model that guides the development of realistic nursing led interventions with the best chance of being successful in existing health care environments

Space biology initiative program definition review. Trade study 3: Hardware miniaturization versus cost

The optimum hardware miniaturization level with the lowest cost impact for space biology hardware was determined. Space biology hardware and/or components/subassemblies/assemblies which are the most likely candidates for application of miniaturization are to be defined and relative cost impacts of such miniaturization are to be analyzed. A mathematical or statistical analysis method with the capability to support development of parametric cost analysis impacts for levels of production design miniaturization are provided

Space biology initiative program definition review. Trade study 4: Design modularity and commonality

The relative cost impacts (up or down) of developing Space Biology hardware using design modularity and commonality is studied. Recommendations for how the hardware development should be accomplished to meet optimum design modularity requirements for Life Science investigation hardware will be provided. In addition, the relative cost impacts of implementing commonality of hardware for all Space Biology hardware are defined. Cost analysis and supporting recommendations for levels of modularity and commonality are presented. A mathematical or statistical cost analysis method with the capability to support development of production design modularity and commonality impacts to parametric cost analysis is provided

An Analysis of the Acquisition and Disposition of Real Estate Assets

This research studies the acquisition and disposition of real estate assets by non-real estate firms from 1981 through 1986. Contrary to previous studies of real estate assets, we find no abnormal performance associated with the buyers of real estate assets and only weak evidence of excess returns for sellers. When combining our results with previous work, we conclude that real estate assets themselves offer the market no unique opportunity to earn excess return. However, it appears that selected organizational forms may be preferred for managing some real estate assets. Thus, when the acquisition or disposition of a realty asset has no change in the management structure of the assets, as in this study, no excess return is found. Our study is limited by the relatively small number of sellers available for analysis.