Davidson, Chris L.

Harp, George L.

Harris, John L.

UARK (University of Arkansas )

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 51 Article 30 1997 Survey of Mollusca (Bivalva: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas Chris L. Davidson Arkansas State University George L. Harp Arkansas State University John L. Harris Arkansas State University, omibob1@gmail.com Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas  Part of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Davidson, Chris L.; Harp, George L.; and Harris, John L. (1997) "Survey of Mollusca (Bivalva: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 51 , Article 30. Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol51/iss1/30 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. »193GENERAL NOTESA Survey ofMollusca (Bivalvia: Unionacea) Inhabiting MyattCreek, Fulton County, ArkansasChris L.Davidson, George L.Harp and John L.HarrisDepartment of Biological SciencesArkansas State UniversityState University, AR 72467-0599IntroductionThe past century has marked an alarming decline innative Unionacea populations in the United States. Theirdecline can be attributed to a variety of threats with habitatdestruction being the single most important factor.Overutilization for commercial purposes, disease, preda-tion, introduction of exotic species, pollution and hybridiza-tion are also threats. Unionacea are important indicators ofaquatic environment health and are a major component offreshwater biodiversity (Williams et al., 1993). A descriptionof the distribution of Unionacea in Myatt Creek willestab-lish a basis for monitoring this resource in the study stream.Myatt Creek originates on the Salem Plateau of theOzark Mountains Physiographic Province in southernMissouri and drains southeasterly through Howell County,Missouri, and Fulton County, Arkansas, before reaching itsconfluence with the Spring River near Hardy. This physio-graphic province is composed of limestone and dolomitedeposits of Ordovician origin (Croneis, 1930). Myatt Creekis a spring-fed, relatively pristine stream consisting of alter-nating pool-riffle biocies with gravel, bedrock and sandbeing the dominant substrates, in that order.No studies pertaining specifically to the Unionacea ofMyatt Creek have been conducted. Previous studies of thiscreek have superficially addressed fishes and aquatic insects(Beadles, 1972; Arkansas Game and Fish Commission,1995). Gordon et al. (1980) and Rust (1993) have reported45 species of Unionacea from the Spring River, comparedto 19 found in Myatt Creek. The purposes of this paper areto present a species list, delineate distributions and reportnumerical standing crop data for each site.Materials and MethodsDuring August and September, 1996, a 23.2 km sectionof Myatt Creek (Sites 1-11) was surveyed by canoe from aroad crossing upstream of St. Hwy. 9 (SE 1/4 NE 1/4 S26,T21N, R7W) to the confluence of Wolf Creek with MyattCreek (SE 1/4 NW 1/4 S 19, T20N,R5W). A second section(AU) was surveyed from approximately 0.8 km north to 0.8km south of a road crossing innorthern Fulton County (NW1/4 SE 1/4 S14, T21N, R7W), and a third section (AL) fromapproximately 0.8 km upstream to the road crossingapproximately 1.0 km north of St. Hwy. 9 (SE 1/4 NE 1/4S26, T21N, R7W; Figure 1) was also sampled. Samplingmethods included wading and snorkeling.Generally, a concentration of shells was defined as anestimated area > 5 m2 with > 3 live Unionacea or an areawith numerous freshly dead shells. When a concentrationwas located, all specimens encountered were identified andreturned to the substrate except for voucher specimens.Location, substrate type, water depth and any other perti-nent site information were recorded. Oesch (1984) was usedto identify specimens which could not be field identified.Voucher specimens are cataloged and housed in theUnionacea Collection of the Arkansas State UniversityMuseum of Zoology.Site locations and a brief description of each are as fol-lows:1. Site 1. NW 1/4 S25, T21N, R7W. Shoal with waterdepths ranging from 0.2-1.0 m; gravel substrate.2. Site 2. NW 1/4 SE 1/4 S25, T21N, R7W. Shallow rif-fle approximately 75 m below a large, deep pool; sand withgravel or bedrock substrate.3. Site 3. SE 1/4 SW1/4 S30, T21N, R6W. Approx-imately 200 m downstream of the St. Hwy.9 bridge. Site ashallow riffle;gravel/sand substrate.4. Site 4. SW 1/4 SE 1/4 S30, T21N, R6W Backwaterarea where spring-fed tributary enters Myatt Creek. Siteconsiderably cooler than the main channel of Myatt Creek.5. Site 5. S31, T21N, R6W Approximately 0.8 kmbelow Site 4. Shoal habitat.6. Site 6. NE 1/4 SE 1/4 S31, T21N, R6W. Shoal divid-ed by a small island at low water. Mussels located on the left-hand descending channel.7. Site 7. NW 1/4 SE 1/4 S8, T20N, R6W Shallow pool(< 1 m) between two riffles; substrate silt over sand withgravel; numerous lilypads present.8. Site 8. NE 1/4 NE 1/4 S5, T20N, R6W Second shoalupriver spring-fed creek and at confluence of creek andMyatt Creek.9. Site 9. NE 1/4 SW 1/4 S3, T20N, R6W. Left-handJournal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997193Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1997194A Survey of Mollusca (Bivalvia: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, Fulton County, ArkansasFig. 1. Site locations for Unionacea from Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas, 1996. h =Road crossing, U=upper; L=Lowerdescending bank in large pool approximately 300 mupstream from a bluff Similar to Site 7 except 0.1 m moresilt at this site.10. Site 10. SW 1/4 S12, T20N, R6W. Area at the headof 200 m long island.11. Site 11. S13, T20N, R6W. Head of a shoal, substratesand with gravel.Results and DiscussionNineteen species represented by 314 individuals (120live individuals and 194 relicts) were collected during thissurvey. Of the 19 species, 10 were found only as relicts. Sites2 and 7 yielded the greatest number of live individuals,while species richness was greatest at Sites 7, 8 and 10.Ptychobranchus occidentalis was the most abundant species(46.7 %), followed by Venustaconcha ellipsiformis (13.3 %) andLampsilis reeviana (12.5 %).Williams et al. (1993) listed seven Myatt Creek speciesas endangered (Leptodea leptodon), threatened (Lampsilis ree-viana and Ptychobranchus occidentalis) or of special concern(Alasmidonta viridis, Lampsilis cardium, Fusconaia ozarkensisand Venustaconcha ellipsiformis). Myatt Creek is presently orhistorically within the range of three federally listed endan-gered species which were not collected in this survey:Epioblasma florentina, Epioblasma turgidula and Lampsilisabrupta (Harris and Gordon, 1987).Unionacea were found in sparse concentrations (<10/m2) throughout Myatt Creek. Densities were the greatestat Sites 2 (1-5 mussels/m 2), 6 (3-10 mussels/m 2) and 7(1-8mussels/nv). The areas of concentration at Sites 2, 6 and 7were approximately 25-35 m', 1.5-25 m2 and 35-45 m\respectively. The remaining sites allhad mean densities of<1mussel/nr (Table 1). Itwas characteristic of all sites to findthe shells located close to the shoreline and associated withaquatic vegetation.No live specimens were found between Site 9 and 10, adistance of approximately 10 km. There were no signs ofanthropogenic impacts, so more detailed studies may beneeded to determine ifthis is a natural or anthropogenical-ly induced absence. Site 10 had a concentration of relictsplus one live specimen of Lampsilis reeviana.Two sites (6 and 11) had recently suffered massive die-offs. The die-off at Site 6 appeared to be a result of lowwater. Mussels at this site were located at the water's edge,Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997194Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol51/iss1/301"•6u«¦t••¦•i¦«iii«iiiii195Chris L.Davidson, George L.Harp and John L.Harrisand low water appeared to threaten the survival of theremaining individuals. Mortality at Site 11 was 100%.Densities of 3-8 dead mussels/m 2 in the live position werefound at this site, and there was no obvious cause of death.Ptychobranchus occidentalis was the only species present atall sites. Three species, Lampsilis cardium, Lampsilis reevianaand Venustaconcha ellipsiformis, were present at > 80% of thesites. The only trend the data show in Table Iis an increas-ing number of relicts towards the mouth. Substrate andwater levels were similar to those found in the upper reach-es, so there is no immediately apparent cause for this trend.Nolive specimens were found at either of the two roadcrossings. However, at the uppermost (northern most) roadcrossing, four relicts were found: Lampsilis cardium (1),Lampsilis reeviana (1) and Ptychobranchus occidentalis (2). Theabsence of livingUnionacea at these sites is not immediate-ly explainable. Anthropogenic influences do not appear tobe extreme, nor is the habitat obviously unsuitable.As a whole, those species of Unionacea collected in thissurvey are generally widespread in distribution (Oesch,1984; Harris and Gordon, undated). Gordon et al. (1980)and Rust (1993) reported a greater diversity of Unionaceafrom the Spring River compared to that found in MyattCreek. Spring River has a larger watershed and offers agreater diversity of habitats which accounts for a greaterdiversity of species. Five species found in this survey,Alasmidonta viridis, Lampsilis siliquoidea, Leptodea leptodon,Venustaconcha ellipsiformis and Villosa iris, were not reportedfor the Spring River byRust (1993). Four of these species aregenerally restricted to stream headwaters, but Lampsilissiliquoidea is not (Oesch, 1984). Rust (1993) surveyed thelower 11miles of the Spring River, which may account forthe absence of Lampsilis siliquoidea from Rust's survey.Another explanation for the absence of this species fromRust's (1993) study is that itmay be an uncommon speciesin the Spring River. With this species list and description oflocations, a more comprehensive management plan can bedesigned for the sustained viability of the aquatic resourcesof Myatt Creek.Acknowledgments. —Iam grateful to my father,Leonard Davidson, and my wife, Tamara Davidson, fortheir unyielding assistance in the field.Table 1. Live/dead Unionacea collected from Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas, 1996.Species Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5Amblema plicataSite 6 Site 7 Site 8 Site 9 Site 10 Site 11 Other12/3 0/4 0/2 0/1Actinonaias ligamentinaAlasmidonta viridis RElliptio dilatata 0/3Fusconaia flava 1/0Fusconaia ozarkensis 0/22/0 0/20/2 0/1Lampsilis cardium 1/0 2/2 2/0 2/4Lampsilis reeviana 6/0 1/1 0/1 1/1Lampsilis siliquoidea0/1 3/5 1/7 2/1 0/3 0/10/1 4/2 2/3 1/31/0 1/0 0/1Lasmigona costata 0/1Leptodea leptodon0/1 1/0 0/1 0/2 0/2RPleurobema coccineumPotamilus purpuratus0/10/1Ptychobranchus occidentalis 0/4 20/1 3/6 5/2 0/5Quadrula pustulosa.10/19 10/4 7/8 1/1 0/7 0/160/2 0/1Strophitus undulatus 1/0 1/0 0/1Venustaconcha ellipsiformis 8/1 4/0 0/2Villosa iris 0/2Villosa lienosa2/3 2/7 0/5 0/5 0/110/10/1Total 0/6 37/2 10/9 111 3/11 14/28 34/23 11/32 3/7 1/25 0/33*R=Relicts found at non-specified locations.Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997R*195Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1997*??>?????County, ArkansasA Survey of Mollusca (Bivalvia: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, FultonLiterature CitedArkansas Game and Fish Commission. 1995. MyattCreek: B.A.S.S. stream sample. Fisheries Division.Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. Little Rock, AR.19 pp.Beadles, J. K. 1972. Preliminary environmental inventoryof the Myatt Creek Basin Environmental inventory,USACE. Little Rock District. 37 pp.Croneis, C. 1930. Geology of the Arkansas Paleozoic Area.Arkansas Geol. Survey Bull. 457 pp.Gordon, M.E., L.R. Kraemer and A. V. Brown. 1980.Unionaceae of Arkansas: historical review, checklistand observations on distributional patterns. Bull. Am.Malac. Un. 1979:31-37.Harris, J. L.and M.E. Gordon. Undated. Arkansas mus-sels. Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. Little RockAR. 32 pp.Harris,J. L.and M.E. Gordon. 1987. Distribution and sta-tus of rare and endangered mussels (Mollusca:Margaritiferidae, Unionidae) in Arkansas. Proc.Arkansas Acad. Sci. 41:49-56.Oesch, R.D. 1984. Missouri naiades, a guide to the musselsof Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation,Jefferson City. 270 pp.Rust, P. J. 1993. Analysis of the commercial mussel beds inthe Black Spring, Strawberry and Current Rivers inArkansas. Unpubl. M.S. thesis, Arkansas StateUniversity, State University, AR. 125 pp.Williams,J. D., M.L.Warren, Jr., K S. Cummings, J. L.Harris and R. J. Neves. 1993. Conservation status offreshwater mussels of the United States and Canada.Fisheries. 18(9):6-22.Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997196Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol51/iss1/30

English

Survey of Mollusca (Bivalva: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas

ScholarWorks@UARK

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of ScienceVolume 51 Article 301997Survey of Mollusca (Bivalva: Unionacea)Inhabiting Myatt Creek, Fulton County, ArkansasChris L. DavidsonArkansas State UniversityGeorge L. HarpArkansas State UniversityJohn L. HarrisArkansas State UniversityFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaasPart of the Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons, and the Zoology CommonsThis article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able toread, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking priorpermission from the publisher or the author.This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the ArkansasAcademy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu.Recommended CitationDavidson, Chris L.; Harp, George L.; and Harris, John L. (1997) "Survey of Mollusca (Bivalva: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek,Fulton County, Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 51 , Article 30.Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol51/iss1/30»193GENERAL NOTESA Survey ofMollusca (Bivalvia: Unionacea) Inhabiting MyattCreek, Fulton County, ArkansasChris L.Davidson, George L.Harp and John L.HarrisDepartment of Biological SciencesArkansas State UniversityState University, AR 72467-0599IntroductionThe past century has marked an alarming decline innative Unionacea populations in the United States. Theirdecline can be attributed to a variety of threats with habitatdestruction being the single most important factor.Overutilization for commercial purposes, disease, preda-tion, introduction of exotic species, pollution and hybridiza-tion are also threats. Unionacea are important indicators ofaquatic environment health and are a major component offreshwater biodiversity (Williams et al., 1993). A descriptionof the distribution of Unionacea in Myatt Creek willestab-lish a basis for monitoring this resource in the study stream.Myatt Creek originates on the Salem Plateau of theOzark Mountains Physiographic Province in southernMissouri and drains southeasterly through Howell County,Missouri, and Fulton County, Arkansas, before reaching itsconfluence with the Spring River near Hardy. This physio-graphic province is composed of limestone and dolomitedeposits of Ordovician origin (Croneis, 1930). Myatt Creekis a spring-fed, relatively pristine stream consisting of alter-nating pool-riffle biocies with gravel, bedrock and sandbeing the dominant substrates, in that order.No studies pertaining specifically to the Unionacea ofMyatt Creek have been conducted. Previous studies of thiscreek have superficially addressed fishes and aquatic insects(Beadles, 1972; Arkansas Game and Fish Commission,1995). Gordon et al. (1980) and Rust (1993) have reported45 species of Unionacea from the Spring River, comparedto 19 found in Myatt Creek. The purposes of this paper areto present a species list, delineate distributions and reportnumerical standing crop data for each site.Materials and MethodsDuring August and September, 1996, a 23.2 km sectionof Myatt Creek (Sites 1-11) was surveyed by canoe from aroad crossing upstream of St. Hwy. 9 (SE 1/4 NE 1/4 S26,T21N, R7W) to the confluence of Wolf Creek with MyattCreek (SE 1/4 NW 1/4 S 19, T20N,R5W). A second section(AU) was surveyed from approximately 0.8 km north to 0.8km south of a road crossing innorthern Fulton County (NW1/4 SE 1/4 S14, T21N, R7W), and a third section (AL) fromapproximately 0.8 km upstream to the road crossingapproximately 1.0 km north of St. Hwy. 9 (SE 1/4 NE 1/4S26, T21N, R7W; Figure 1) was also sampled. Samplingmethods included wading and snorkeling.Generally, a concentration of shells was defined as anestimated area > 5 m2 with > 3 live Unionacea or an areawith numerous freshly dead shells. When a concentrationwas located, all specimens encountered were identified andreturned to the substrate except for voucher specimens.Location, substrate type, water depth and any other perti-nent site information were recorded. Oesch (1984) was usedto identify specimens which could not be field identified.Voucher specimens are cataloged and housed in theUnionacea Collection of the Arkansas State UniversityMuseum of Zoology.Site locations and a brief description of each are as fol-lows:1. Site 1. NW 1/4 S25, T21N, R7W. Shoal with waterdepths ranging from 0.2-1.0 m; gravel substrate.2. Site 2. NW 1/4 SE 1/4 S25, T21N, R7W. Shallow rif-fle approximately 75 m below a large, deep pool; sand withgravel or bedrock substrate.3. Site 3. SE 1/4 SW1/4 S30, T21N, R6W. Approx-imately 200 m downstream of the St. Hwy.9 bridge. Site ashallow riffle;gravel/sand substrate.4. Site 4. SW 1/4 SE 1/4 S30, T21N, R6W Backwaterarea where spring-fed tributary enters Myatt Creek. Siteconsiderably cooler than the main channel of Myatt Creek.5. Site 5. S31, T21N, R6W Approximately 0.8 kmbelow Site 4. Shoal habitat.6. Site 6. NE 1/4 SE 1/4 S31, T21N, R6W. Shoal divid-ed by a small island at low water. Mussels located on the left-hand descending channel.7. Site 7. NW 1/4 SE 1/4 S8, T20N, R6W Shallow pool(< 1 m) between two riffles; substrate silt over sand withgravel; numerous lilypads present.8. Site 8. NE 1/4 NE 1/4 S5, T20N, R6W Second shoalupriver spring-fed creek and at confluence of creek andMyatt Creek.9. Site 9. NE 1/4 SW 1/4 S3, T20N, R6W. Left-handJournal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997193Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1997194A Survey of Mollusca (Bivalvia: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, Fulton County, ArkansasFig. 1. Site locations for Unionacea from Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas, 1996. h =Road crossing, U=upper; L=Lowerdescending bank in large pool approximately 300 mupstream from a bluff Similar to Site 7 except 0.1 m moresilt at this site.10. Site 10. SW 1/4 S12, T20N, R6W. Area at the headof 200 m long island.11. Site 11. S13, T20N, R6W. Head of a shoal, substratesand with gravel.Results and DiscussionNineteen species represented by 314 individuals (120live individuals and 194 relicts) were collected during thissurvey. Of the 19 species, 10 were found only as relicts. Sites2 and 7 yielded the greatest number of live individuals,while species richness was greatest at Sites 7, 8 and 10.Ptychobranchus occidentalis was the most abundant species(46.7 %), followed by Venustaconcha ellipsiformis (13.3 %) andLampsilis reeviana (12.5 %).Williams et al. (1993) listed seven Myatt Creek speciesas endangered (Leptodea leptodon), threatened (Lampsilis ree-viana and Ptychobranchus occidentalis) or of special concern(Alasmidonta viridis, Lampsilis cardium, Fusconaia ozarkensisand Venustaconcha ellipsiformis). Myatt Creek is presently orhistorically within the range of three federally listed endan-gered species which were not collected in this survey:Epioblasma florentina, Epioblasma turgidula and Lampsilisabrupta (Harris and Gordon, 1987).Unionacea were found in sparse concentrations (<10/m2) throughout Myatt Creek. Densities were the greatestat Sites 2 (1-5 mussels/m 2), 6 (3-10 mussels/m 2) and 7(1-8mussels/nv). The areas of concentration at Sites 2, 6 and 7were approximately 25-35 m', 1.5-25 m2 and 35-45 m\respectively. The remaining sites allhad mean densities of<1mussel/nr (Table 1). Itwas characteristic of all sites to findthe shells located close to the shoreline and associated withaquatic vegetation.No live specimens were found between Site 9 and 10, adistance of approximately 10 km. There were no signs ofanthropogenic impacts, so more detailed studies may beneeded to determine ifthis is a natural or anthropogenical-ly induced absence. Site 10 had a concentration of relictsplus one live specimen of Lampsilis reeviana.Two sites (6 and 11) had recently suffered massive die-offs. The die-off at Site 6 appeared to be a result of lowwater. Mussels at this site were located at the water's edge,Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997194Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol51/iss1/301"•6u«¦t••¦•i¦«iii«iiiii195Chris L.Davidson, George L.Harp and John L.Harrisand low water appeared to threaten the survival of theremaining individuals. Mortality at Site 11 was 100%.Densities of 3-8 dead mussels/m 2 in the live position werefound at this site, and there was no obvious cause of death.Ptychobranchus occidentalis was the only species present atall sites. Three species, Lampsilis cardium, Lampsilis reevianaand Venustaconcha ellipsiformis, were present at > 80% of thesites. The only trend the data show in Table Iis an increas-ing number of relicts towards the mouth. Substrate andwater levels were similar to those found in the upper reach-es, so there is no immediately apparent cause for this trend.Nolive specimens were found at either of the two roadcrossings. However, at the uppermost (northern most) roadcrossing, four relicts were found: Lampsilis cardium (1),Lampsilis reeviana (1) and Ptychobranchus occidentalis (2). Theabsence of livingUnionacea at these sites is not immediate-ly explainable. Anthropogenic influences do not appear tobe extreme, nor is the habitat obviously unsuitable.As a whole, those species of Unionacea collected in thissurvey are generally widespread in distribution (Oesch,1984; Harris and Gordon, undated). Gordon et al. (1980)and Rust (1993) reported a greater diversity of Unionaceafrom the Spring River compared to that found in MyattCreek. Spring River has a larger watershed and offers agreater diversity of habitats which accounts for a greaterdiversity of species. Five species found in this survey,Alasmidonta viridis, Lampsilis siliquoidea, Leptodea leptodon,Venustaconcha ellipsiformis and Villosa iris, were not reportedfor the Spring River byRust (1993). Four of these species aregenerally restricted to stream headwaters, but Lampsilissiliquoidea is not (Oesch, 1984). Rust (1993) surveyed thelower 11miles of the Spring River, which may account forthe absence of Lampsilis siliquoidea from Rust's survey.Another explanation for the absence of this species fromRust's (1993) study is that itmay be an uncommon speciesin the Spring River. With this species list and description oflocations, a more comprehensive management plan can bedesigned for the sustained viability of the aquatic resourcesof Myatt Creek.Acknowledgments. —Iam grateful to my father,Leonard Davidson, and my wife, Tamara Davidson, fortheir unyielding assistance in the field.Table 1. Live/dead Unionacea collected from Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas, 1996.Species Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4 Site 5Amblema plicataSite 6 Site 7 Site 8 Site 9 Site 10 Site 11 Other12/3 0/4 0/2 0/1Actinonaias ligamentinaAlasmidonta viridis RElliptio dilatata 0/3Fusconaia flava 1/0Fusconaia ozarkensis 0/22/0 0/20/2 0/1Lampsilis cardium 1/0 2/2 2/0 2/4Lampsilis reeviana 6/0 1/1 0/1 1/1Lampsilis siliquoidea0/1 3/5 1/7 2/1 0/3 0/10/1 4/2 2/3 1/31/0 1/0 0/1Lasmigona costata 0/1Leptodea leptodon0/1 1/0 0/1 0/2 0/2RPleurobema coccineumPotamilus purpuratus0/10/1Ptychobranchus occidentalis 0/4 20/1 3/6 5/2 0/5Quadrula pustulosa.10/19 10/4 7/8 1/1 0/7 0/160/2 0/1Strophitus undulatus 1/0 1/0 0/1Venustaconcha ellipsiformis 8/1 4/0 0/2Villosa iris 0/2Villosa lienosa2/3 2/7 0/5 0/5 0/110/10/1Total 0/6 37/2 10/9 111 3/11 14/28 34/23 11/32 3/7 1/25 0/33*R=Relicts found at non-specified locations.Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997R*195Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1997*??>?????County, ArkansasA Survey of Mollusca (Bivalvia: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, FultonLiterature CitedArkansas Game and Fish Commission. 1995. MyattCreek: B.A.S.S. stream sample. Fisheries Division.Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. Little Rock, AR.19 pp.Beadles, J. K. 1972. Preliminary environmental inventoryof the Myatt Creek Basin Environmental inventory,USACE. Little Rock District. 37 pp.Croneis, C. 1930. Geology of the Arkansas Paleozoic Area.Arkansas Geol. Survey Bull. 457 pp.Gordon, M.E., L.R. Kraemer and A. V. Brown. 1980.Unionaceae of Arkansas: historical review, checklistand observations on distributional patterns. Bull. Am.Malac. Un. 1979:31-37.Harris, J. L.and M.E. Gordon. Undated. Arkansas mus-sels. Arkansas Game and Fish Commission. Little RockAR. 32 pp.Harris,J. L.and M.E. Gordon. 1987. Distribution and sta-tus of rare and endangered mussels (Mollusca:Margaritiferidae, Unionidae) in Arkansas. Proc.Arkansas Acad. Sci. 41:49-56.Oesch, R.D. 1984. Missouri naiades, a guide to the musselsof Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation,Jefferson City. 270 pp.Rust, P. J. 1993. Analysis of the commercial mussel beds inthe Black Spring, Strawberry and Current Rivers inArkansas. Unpubl. M.S. thesis, Arkansas StateUniversity, State University, AR. 125 pp.Williams,J. D., M.L.Warren, Jr., K S. Cummings, J. L.Harris and R. J. Neves. 1993. Conservation status offreshwater mussels of the United States and Canada.Fisheries. 18(9):6-22.Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51, 1997196Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 51 [1997], Art. 30http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol51/iss1/30

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Survey of Mollusca (Bivalva: Unionacea) Inhabiting Myatt Creek, Fulton County, Arkansas

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