Psychological Science in the Wake of COVID-19: Social, Methodological, and Metascientific Considerations

The COVID-19 pandemic has extensively changed the state of psychological science, from what research questions psychologists can ask to which methodologies psychologists can employ to investigate them. In this article, we offer a perspective on how to optimize new research in the pandemic’s wake. As this pandemic is inherently a social phenomenon—an event that hinges upon human-to-human contact—we focus on socially relevant subfields of psychology. We highlight specific psychological phenomena that have likely shifted due to the pandemic and discuss theoretical, methodological, and practical considerations of conducting research on these phenomena. Following this discussion, we evaluate meta-scientific issues that have been amplified by the pandemic. We aim to demonstrate how theoretically grounded views on the COVID-19 pandemic can help make psychological science stronger—not weaker—in its wake

Socioeconomic mobility and talent utilization of workers from poorer backgrounds: The overlooked importance of within-organization dynamics

Socioeconomic mobility, or the ability of individuals to improve their socioeconomic standing through merit-based contributions, is a fundamental ideal of modern societies. The key focus of societal efforts to ensure socioeconomic mobility has been on the provision of educational opportunities. We review evidence that even with the same education and job opportunities, being born into a poorer family undermines socioeconomic mobility due to processes occurring within organizations. The burden of poorer background might, ceteris paribus, be economically comparable to the gender gap. We argue that in the societal and scientific effort to promote socioeconomic mobility, the key context in which mobility is supposed to happen—organizations—as well as the key part of the life of people striving toward socioeconomic advancement—that as working adults—have been overlooked. We integrate the organizational literature pointing to key within-organizational processes impacting objective (socioeconomic) success with research, some emergent in organizational sciences and some disciplinary, on when, why, and how people from poorer backgrounds behave or are treated by others in the relevant situations. Integrating these literatures generates a novel and useful framework for identifying issues people born into poorer families face as employees, systematizes extant evidence and makes it more accessible to organizational scientists, and allows us to lay the agenda for future organizational scholarshi

Sustained antihypertensive activity of telmisartan vs valsartan

DBP reduction in the last 6 h of the once-daily dosing interval and 24-h mean DBP control when a dose is missed are significantly superior with telmisartan than with valsartan. Thus, telmisartan due to its longer half-life offers more sustained BP control, especially at the end of the dosing period and provides sustained efficacy in poorly compliant patients

Dipyridamole‐induced headache and lower recurrence risk in secondary prevention of ischaemic stroke: a post hoc

Background and purpose Our objective was to investigate the association between recurrent stroke risk and headache induced by extended‐release dipyridamole (ER‐DP) when administered alone or with low‐dose aspirin (ASA+ER‐DP). Methods This was a post hoc analysis of prospectively collected data on recurrent stroke risk and headache as an adverse event or reason for treatment discontinuation from the PRoFESS (N = 20 332) and ESPS2 (N = 6602) trials. Hazard ratios (HRs) for recurrent stroke were calculated using the Cox model. Results In PRoFESS, the 2.5‐year recurrent stroke risk in patients receiving ASA+ER‐DP was 8.2% in those with headache within 7 days of starting treatment and 9.4% in those without [HR 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.73–0.98; P = 0.03]. Recurrent stroke risk was 5.0% in patients who discontinued ASA+ER‐DP due to headache by day 90 versus 9.2% in those who did not (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35–0.77; P = 0.001). No such difference was observed in clopidogrel‐treated patients. In ESPS2, risk of recurrent stroke was 6.2% in patients who discontinued ASA+ER‐DP due to headache by day 90 versus 9.8% in patients who did not (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.31–1.27; P = 0.19) and 7.3% in patients who discontinued ER‐DP due to headache by day 90 versus 13.2% in those who did not (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.27–1.04; P = 0.06). Conclusions Patients taking ASA+ER‐DP in PRoFESS who developed headache had significantly reduced stroke recurrence risk versus those without headache. Similar (non‐significant) findings for ASA+ER‐DP and ER‐DP in ESPS2 suggest that dipyridamole‐induced headache may reflect better cerebrovascular function