131 research outputs found
The Identity Paradox and an Expanded Framework of Organizational Identity
This conceptual paper is guided by three objectives: First, to bolster the argument for organizational identity as a defined concept, as compared with a metaphor or paradigmatic perspective. Second, articulate a clearer and more fully developed connection between the concepts of individual identity and organizational identity. Third, specify a distinctive, defensible conceptual domain for the concept of organizational identity and align the definition of organizational identity with that domain. Guided by these objectives, we argue that the tension between being similar and different is a fundamental and distinguishing feature of identity â and that this âidentity paradoxâ exists at both the individual and organizational levels. We then propose a two-dimensional form of this identity paradox and suggest that the resulting framework serve as the conceptual domain of organizational identity. In the end, we examine the implications of the proposed conceptual space for Albert and Whettenâs (1985) definition of organizational identity and propose two new definitional elements
The Identity Paradox and an Expanded Framework of Organizational Identity
This conceptual paper is guided by three objectives: First, to bolster the argument for organizational identity as a defined concept, as compared with a metaphor or paradigmatic perspective. Second, articulate a clearer and more fully developed connection between the concepts of individual identity and organizational identity. Third, specify a distinctive, defensible conceptual domain for the concept of organizational identity and align the definition of organizational identity with that domain. Guided by these objectives, we argue that the tension between being similar and different is a fundamental and distinguishing feature of identity â and that this âidentity paradoxâ exists at both the individual and organizational levels. We then propose a two-dimensional form of this identity paradox and suggest that the resulting framework serve as the conceptual domain of organizational identity. In the end, we examine the implications of the proposed conceptual space for Albert and Whettenâs (1985) definition of organizational identity and propose two new definitional elements
Fifty Years of Organizational Behavior from Multiple Perspectives
Many of the underlying themes in the field of organizational behavior reveal the strains between basic and applied research, qualitative and quantitative preferences, gradations of analysis, and the relative importance of research and practice
âSuper disabilitiesâ vs âDisabilitiesâ?:Theorizing the role of ableism in (mis)representational mythology of disability in the marketplace
People with disabilities (PWD) constitute one of the largest minority groups with one in five people worldwide having a disability. While recognition and inclusion of this group in the marketplace has seen improvement, the effects of (mis)representation of PWD in shaping the discourse on fostering marketplace inclusion of socially marginalized consumers remain little understood. Although effects of misrepresentation (e.g., idealized, exoticized or selective representation) on inclusion/exclusion perceptions and cognitions has received attention in the context of ethnic/racial groups, the world of disability has been largely neglected. By extending the theory of ableism into the context of PWD representation and applying it to the analysis of the Weâre the Superhumans advertisement developed for the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games, this paper examines the relationship between the (mis)representation and the inclusion/exclusion discourse. By uncovering that PWD misrepresentations can partially mask and/or redress the root causes of exclusion experienced by PWD in their lived realities, it contributes to the research agenda on the transformative role of consumption cultures perpetuating harmful, exclusionary social perceptions of marginalized groups versus contributing to advancement of their inclusion
Atomically precise Au144(SR)60 nanoclusters (R = Et, Pr) are capped by 12 distinct ligand types of 5-fold equivalence and display gigantic diastereotopic effects
For two decades, Au144(SR)60 has been one of the most studied and used thiolate (SR) protected gold
nanoclusters. In many ways, however, it proved to be a challenging and elusive case, also because of the
difficulties in solving its structure by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. We used very short thiols and
could prepare Au144(SC2H5)60 and Au144(SC3H7)60 in a very pure form, which was confirmed by UV-vis
absorption spectroscopy and very regular electrochemistry patterns. Inductively coupled plasma and
electrospray ionization mass spectrometries gave definite proof of the Au144(SR)60 stoichiometry. Highresolution
1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in the solution phase provided the result of assessing the
presence of 12 ligand types in exactly the same amount (5-fold equivalence). Equally important, we
found that the two protons belonging to each methylene group along the thiolate chain are
diastereotopic. For the a-CH2 protons, the diastereotopic effect can be indeed gigantic, as it reaches
chemical-shift differences of 2.9 ppm. DFT calculations provided insights into the relationship between
structure and NMR results. In particular, the 12 ligand types and corresponding diastereotopic effects
may be explained by considering the presence of C\u2013H/S hydrogen bonds. These results thus provide
fundamental insights into the structure of the thiolate layer capping this long-studied gold nanocluster
Tetrahedral (T) closed-shell cluster of 29 silver atoms & 12 lipoate ligands, [Ag29(R-a-LA)12](3-): antibacterial and antifungal activity
Accepted author manuscriptHere we report on the identification and applications of an aqueous 29-atom silver cluster stabilized with 12 lipoate ligands, i.e. Ag29(R-αâLA)12 or (29,12), wherein R-αâLA = R-α-lipoic acid, a natural dithiolate. Its uniformity is checked by HPLC-ESI-MS and analytical ultracentrifugation, which confirms its small dimension (âŒ3 nm hydrodynamic diameter). For the first time, this cluster has been detected intact via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, allowing one to confirm its composition, its [3-] charge-state, and the 8-electron shell configuration of its metallic silver core. Its electronic structure and bonding, including T-symmetry and profound chirality in the outer shell, have been analyzed by DFT quantum-chemical calculations, starting from the known structure of a nonaqueous homologue. The cluster is effective against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (MRSA) at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.6 mg-Ag/mL. A preformed Candida albicans fungal biofilm, impermeable to other antifungal agents, was also inhibited by aqueous solutions of this cluster, in a doseâresponse manner, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.94 mg-Ag/mL. Scanning electron micrographs showed the post-treatment ultrastructural changes on both MRSA and C. albicans that are characteristic of those displayed after treatment by larger silver nanoparticles.Ye
Building International Business Theory: A Grounded Theory Approach
The field of international business (IB) is in need of more theory development (Morck & Yeung, 2007). As such, the main focus of our manuscript was to provide guidance on how to build IB specific theory using grounded theory (GT). Moreover, we contribute to future theory development by identifying areas within IB where GT can be applied and the type of research issues that can be addressed using this methodology. Finally, we make a noteworthy contribution by discussing some of GTâs caveats and limitations, particularly those relevant to IB. This effort is intended to spur further interest in the development of IB theory
Decoding the massive genome of loblolly pine using haploid DNA and novel assembly strategies
BACKGROUND: The size and complexity of conifer genomes has, until now, prevented full genome sequencing and assembly. The large research community and economic importance of loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., made it an early candidate for reference sequence determination. RESULTS: We develop a novel strategy to sequence the genome of loblolly pine that combines unique aspects of pine reproductive biology and genome assembly methodology. We use a whole genome shotgun approach relying primarily on next generation sequence generated from a single haploid seed megagametophyte from a loblolly pine tree, 20-1010, that has been used in industrial forest tree breeding. The resulting sequence and assembly was used to generate a draft genome spanning 23.2 Gbp and containing 20.1 Gbp with an N50 scaffold size of 66.9 kbp, making it a significant improvement over available conifer genomes. The long scaffold lengths allow the annotation of 50,172 gene models with intron lengths averaging over 2.7 kbp and sometimes exceeding 100 kbp in length. Analysis of orthologous gene sets identifies gene families that may be unique to conifers. We further characterize and expand the existing repeat library based on the de novo analysis of the repetitive content, estimated to encompass 82% of the genome. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to its value as a resource for researchers and breeders, the loblolly pine genome sequence and assembly reported here demonstrates a novel approach to sequencing the large and complex genomes of this important group of plants that can now be widely applied
Lignin biosynthesis in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): its response to waterlogging and association with hormonal levels
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