A study of packaging and shipping procedures for small electroexplosive devices Final report, May 1, 1966 - Aug. 1, 1967

Packaging, shipping, and shielding procedures for electroexplosive device

Phase conjugate fluorozirconate fibre laser operating at 800nm

We report phase-conjugate feedback into a fluorozirconate optical fiber amplifier at infrared wavelengths. By using a semiconductor laser diode at 807 nm, a grating is established in photorefractive BaTiO3 that, in the ring configuration, provides feedback into the amplifier necessary for laser action. Once written, the grating is self-sustaining, and lasing is observed even after the laser diode is removed

Review of once-monthly oral ibandronate and the use thereof

An advisory board meeting of key opinion leaders was held in 2015 to discuss the clinical data on oral ibandronate in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.Boniva 150 mg (ibandronate) oral once-monthly is indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, in order to reduce the risk of vertebral fractures.

Finite dimensional integrable Hamiltonian systems associated with DSI equation by Bargmann constraints

The Davey-Stewartson I equation is a typical integrable equation in 2+1 dimensions. Its Lax system being essentially in 1+1 dimensional form has been found through nonlinearization from 2+1 dimensions to 1+1 dimensions. In the present paper, this essentially 1+1 dimensional Lax system is further nonlinearized into 1+0 dimensional Hamiltonian systems by taking the Bargmann constraints. It is shown that the resulting 1+0 dimensional Hamiltonian systems are completely integrable in Liouville sense by finding a full set of integrals of motion and proving their functional independence.Comment: 10 pages, in LaTeX, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 70 (2001

Finite-dimensional integrable systems associated with Davey-Stewartson I equation

For the Davey-Stewartson I equation, which is an integrable equation in 1+2 dimensions, we have already found its Lax pair in 1+1 dimensional form by nonlinear constraints. This paper deals with the second nonlinearization of this 1+1 dimensional system to get three 1+0 dimensional Hamiltonian systems with a constraint of Neumann type. The full set of involutive conserved integrals is obtained and their functional independence is proved. Therefore, the Hamiltonian systems are completely integrable in Liouville sense. A periodic solution of the Davey-Stewartson I equation is obtained by solving these classical Hamiltonian systems as an example.Comment: 18 pages, LaTe

Heterologous oligonucleotide microarrays for transcriptomics in a non-model species; a proof-of-concept study of drought stress in Musa

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>'Systems-wide' approaches such as microarray RNA-profiling are ideally suited to the study of the complex overlapping responses of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, commercial microarrays are only available for a limited number of plant species and development costs are so substantial as to be prohibitive for most research groups. Here we evaluate the use of cross-hybridisation to Affymetrix oligonucleotide GeneChip^®microarrays to profile the response of the banana (<it>Musa </it>spp.) leaf transcriptome to drought stress using a genomic DNA (gDNA)-based probe-selection strategy to improve the efficiency of detection of differentially expressed <it>Musa </it>transcripts.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Following cross-hybridisation of <it>Musa </it>gDNA to the Rice GeneChip^®Genome Array, ~33,700 gene-specific probe-sets had a sufficiently high degree of homology to be retained for transcriptomic analyses. In a proof-of-concept approach, pooled RNA representing a single biological replicate of control and drought stressed leaves of the <it>Musa </it>cultivar 'Cachaco' were hybridised to the Affymetrix Rice Genome Array. A total of 2,910 <it>Musa </it>gene homologues with a >2-fold difference in expression levels were subsequently identified. These drought-responsive transcripts included many functional classes associated with plant biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as a range of regulatory genes known to be involved in coordinating abiotic stress responses. This latter group included members of the ERF, DREB, MYB, bZIP and bHLH transcription factor families. Fifty-two of these drought-sensitive <it>Musa </it>transcripts were homologous to genes underlying QTLs for drought and cold tolerance in rice, including in 2 instances QTLs associated with a single underlying gene. The list of drought-responsive transcripts also included genes identified in publicly-available comparative transcriptomics experiments.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results demonstrate that despite the general paucity of nucleotide sequence data in <it>Musa </it>and only distant phylogenetic relations to rice, gDNA probe-based cross-hybridisation to the Rice GeneChip^®is a highly promising strategy to study complex biological responses and illustrates the potential of such strategies for gene discovery in non-model species.</p

Risk of Acute Kidney Injury following community prescription of antibiotics:self-controlled case series

Abstract Background Development of acute kidney injury (AKI) following the use of antibiotics such as sulphonamides, trimethoprim and aminoglycosides is a frequently described phenomenon. More recently, an association between fluoroquinolone use and AKI has been suggested. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of AKI as an unintended consequence of commonly prescribed antibiotics in a large community cohort using a method that fully adjusts for underlying patient characteristics, including potential unmeasured confounders. Methods A self-controlled case study was conducted and included all individuals aged 18 years and over in the Tayside region of Scotland who had a serum creatinine measured between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2012. AKI episodes were defined using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition. Data on oral community-prescribed antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, macrolides and nitrofurantoin) were collected for all individuals. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for AKI associated with antibiotic exposure versus time periods without antibiotic exposure were calculated. Results Combined use of sulphonamides, trimethoprim and nitrofurantoin rose by 47% and incidence of community-acquired AKI rose by 16% between 2008 and 2012. During the study period 12 777 individuals developed 14 900 episodes of AKI in the community, of which 68% was AKI Stage 1, 16% Stage 2 and 16% Stage 3. The IRR of AKI during any antibiotic use was 1.16 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10—1.23], and this was highest during sulphonamides or trimethoprim use; IRR 3.07 (95% CI 2.81–3.35). Fluoroquinolone and nitrofurantoin use was not associated with a significantly increased rate of AKI; IRR 1.13 (95% CI 0.94–1.35) and 1.16 (95% CI 0.91–1.50), respectively. Conclusions Incidence of AKI rose by 16% between 2008 and 2012. In the same period the use of sulphonamides, trimethoprim and nitrofurantoin increased by 47%. A significant increased risk of AKI was seen with the use of sulphonamides and trimethoprim, but not with fluoroquinolones or nitrofurantoin. </jats:sec

The Far-Ultraviolet Spectrum and Short Timescale Variability of AM Herculis from Observations with the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope

Using the Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope (HUT), we have obtained 850-1850 angstrom spectra of the magnetic cataclysmic variable star AM Her in the high state. These observations provide high time resolution spectra of AM Her in the FUV and sample much of the orbital period of the system. The spectra are not well-modelled in terms of simple white dwarf (WD) atmospheres, especially at wavelengths shortward of Lyman alpha. The continuum flux changes by a factor of 2 near the Lyman limit as a function of orbital phase; the peak fluxes are observed near magnetic phase 0.6 when the accreting pole of the WD is most clearly visible. The spectrum of the hotspot can be modelled in terms of a 100 000 K WD atmosphere covering 2% of the WD surface. The high time resolution of the HUT data allows an analysis of the short term variability and shows the UV luminosity to change by as much as 50% on timescales as short as 10 s. This rapid variability is shown to be inconsistent with the clumpy accretion model proposed to account for the soft X-ray excess in polars. We see an increase in narrow line emission during these flares when the heated face of the secondary is in view. The He II narrow line flux is partially eclipsed at secondary conjunction, implying that the inclination of the system is greater than 45 degrees. We also present results from models of the heated face of the secondary. These models show that reprocessing on the face of the secondary star of X-ray/EUV emission from the accretion region near the WD can account for the intensities and kinematics of most of the narrow line components observed.Comment: 19 pp., 12 fig., 3 tbl. To appear in The Astrophysical Journal. Also available at http://greeley.pha.jhu.edu/papers/amherpp.ps.g

Irradiation of the secondary star in X-ray Nova Scorpii 1994 (=GRO J1655--40)

We have obtained intermediate resolution optical spectra of the black-hole candidate Nova Sco 1994 in June 1996, when the source was in an X-ray/optical active state (R~15.05). We measure the radial velocity curve of the secondary star and obtain a semi-amplitude of 279+/-10 km/s; a value which is 30 per cent larger than the value obtained when the source is in quiescence. Our large value for K_2 is consistent with 60 +9,-7 per cent of the secondary star's surface being heated; compared to 35 per cent, which is what one would expect if only the inner face of the secondary star were irradiated. Effects such as irradiation-induced flows on the secondary star may be important in explaining the observed large value for K_2.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by MNRA