3,448 research outputs found
The history, evolution, and future of big data & analytics:A bibliometric analysis of its relationship to performance in organizations
Big data and analytics (BDA) are gaining momentum, particularly in the practitioner world. Research linking BDA to improved organizational performance seems scarce and widely dispersed though, with the majority focused on specific domains and/or macro-level relationships. In order to synthesize past research and advance knowledge of the potential organizational value of BDA, the authors obtained a data set of 327 primary studies and 1252 secondary cited papers. This paper reviews this body of research, using three bibliometric methods. First, it elucidates its intellectual foundations via co-citation analysis. Second, it visualizes the historical evolution of BDA and performance research and its substreams through algorithmic historiography. Third, it provides insights into the field's potential evolution via bibliographic coupling. The results reveal that the academic attention for the BDA-performance link has been increasing rapidly. The study uncovered ten research clusters that form the field's foundation. While research seems to have evolved following two main, isolated streams, the past decade has witnessed more cross-disciplinary collaborations. Moreover, the study identified several research topics undergoing focused development, including financial and customer risk management, text mining and evolutionary algorithms. The review concludes with a discussion of the implications for different functional management domains and the gaps for both research and practice.</p
Lowering the background level and the energy threshold of Micromegas x-ray detectors for axion searches
Axion helioscopes search for solar axions by their conversion in x-rays in
the presence of high magnetic fields. The use of low background x-ray detectors
is an essential component contributing to the sensitivity of these searches. In
this work, we review the recent advances on Micromegas detectors used in the
CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) and proposed for the future International
Axion Observatory (IAXO). The actual setup in CAST has achieved background
levels below 10 keV cm s, a factor 100 lower than
the first generation of Micromegas detectors. This reduction is based on active
and passive shielding techniques, the selection of radiopure materials, offline
discrimination techniques and the high granularity of the readout. We describe
in detail the background model of the detector, based on its operation at CAST
site and at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC), as well as on Geant4
simulations. The best levels currently achieved at LSC are low than 10
keV cm s and show good prospects for the application of
this technology in IAXO. Finally, we present some ideas and results for
reducing the energy threshold of these detectors below 1 keV, using
high-transparent windows, autotrigger electronics and studying the cluster
shape at different energies. As a high flux of axion-like-particles is expected
in this energy range, a sub-keV threshold detector could enlarge the physics
case of axion helioscopes.Comment: Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Technology and
Instrumentation in Particle Physics (TIPP 2014
Thinking strategically about assessment
Drawing upon the literature on strategy formulation in organisations, this paper argues for a focus on strategy as process. It relates this to the need to think strategically about assessment, a need engendered by resource pressures, developments in learning and the demands of external stakeholders. It is argued that in practice assessment strategies are often formed at the level of practice, but that this produces contradiction and confusion at higher levels. Such tensions cannot be managed away, but they can be reflected on and mitigated. The paper suggests a framework for the construction of assessment strategies at different levels of an institution. However, the main conclusion is that the process of constructing such strategies should be an opportunity for learning and reflection, rather than one of compliance
Perceptions of knowledge sharing among small family firm leaders: a structural equation model
Small family firms have many unique relational qualities with implications for how knowledge is passed between individuals. Extant literature posits leadership approach as important in explaining differences in knowledge-sharing climate from one firm to another. This study investigates how leadership approaches interact with family influence to inform perceptions of knowledge sharing. We utilize survey data (n = 110) from owner-managers of knowledge-intensive small family firms in Scotland. Our findings present a choice in leadership intention, contrasting organization-focused participation against family-influenced guidance. Insight is offered on the implications of this leadership choice at both organizational and familial level
Thermal noise limitations to force measurements with torsion pendulums: Applications to the measurement of the Casimir force and its thermal correction
A general analysis of thermal noise in torsion pendulums is presented. The
specific case where the torsion angle is kept fixed by electronic feedback is
analyzed. This analysis is applied to a recent experiment that employed a
torsion pendulum to measure the Casimir force. The ultimate limit to the
distance at which the Casimir force can be measured to high accuracy is
discussed, and in particular the prospects for measuring the thermal correction
are elaborated upon.Comment: one figure, five pages, to be submitted to Phys Rev
Investigating knowledge management factors affecting Chinese ICT firms performance: An integrated KM framework
This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in the Journal of Information Systems Management, 28(1), 19 - 29, 2011, copyright Taylor & Francis, available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/10580530.2011.536107.This article sets out to investigate the critical factors of Knowledge Management (KM) which are considered to have an impact on the performance of Chinese information and communication technology (ICT) firms. This study confirms that the cultural environment of an enterprise is central to its success in the context of China. It shows that a collaborated, trusted, and learning environment within ICT firms will have a positive impact on their KM performance
Low Background Micromegas in CAST
Solar axions could be converted into x-rays inside the strong magnetic field
of an axion helioscope, triggering the detection of this elusive particle. Low
background x-ray detectors are an essential component for the sensitivity of
these searches. We report on the latest developments of the Micromegas
detectors for the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST), including technological
pathfinder activities for the future International Axion Observatory (IAXO).
The use of low background techniques and the application of discrimination
algorithms based on the high granularity of the readout have led to background
levels below 10 counts/keV/cm/s, more than a factor 100 lower than
the first generation of Micromegas detectors. The best levels achieved at the
Canfranc Underground Laboratory (LSC) are as low as 10
counts/keV/cm/s, showing good prospects for the application of this
technology in IAXO. The current background model, based on underground and
surface measurements, is presented, as well as the strategies to further reduce
the background level. Finally, we will describe the R&D paths to achieve
sub-keV energy thresholds, which could broaden the physics case of axion
helioscopes.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Large TPC Conference 2014, Pari
Efficient implementation of selective recoupling in heteronuclear spin systems using Hadamard matrices
We present an efficient scheme which couples any designated pair of spins in
heteronuclear spin systems. The scheme is based on the existence of Hadamard
matrices. For a system of spins with pairwise coupling, the scheme
concatenates intervals of system evolution and uses at most pulses
where . Our results demonstrate that, in many systems, selective
recoupling is possible with linear overhead, contrary to common speculation
that exponential effort is always required.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, mypsfig2, revtex, submitted April 27, 199
Towards a new generation axion helioscope
We study the feasibility of a new generation axion helioscope, the most
ambitious and promising detector of solar axions to date. We show that large
improvements in magnetic field volume, x-ray focusing optics and detector
backgrounds are possible beyond those achieved in the CERN Axion Solar
Telescope (CAST). For hadronic models, a sensitivity to the axion-photon
coupling of \gagamma\gtrsim {\rm few} \times 10^{-12} GeV is
conceivable, 1--1.5 orders of magnitude beyond the CAST sensitivity. If axions
also couple to electrons, the Sun produces a larger flux for the same value of
the Peccei-Quinn scale, allowing one to probe a broader class of models. Except
for the axion dark matter searches, this experiment will be the most sensitive
axion search ever, reaching or surpassing the stringent bounds from SN1987A and
possibly testing the axion interpretation of anomalous white-dwarf cooling that
predicts of a few meV. Beyond axions, this new instrument will probe
entirely unexplored ranges of parameters for a large variety of axion-like
particles (ALPs) and other novel excitations at the low-energy frontier of
elementary particle physics.Comment: 37 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in JCA
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