Response of alternate bearing of “Badamy sefid” Pistachio cultivar to foliar application of some macro and micro elements

Response of “Badamy sefid” Pistachio trees to spraying of fertilizer was studied over two years (2006–2007). The boron and zinc fertilizer were used just on swelling time of female flower bud in compare to no fertilization (control). Also nutritional solution combined of nitrogen (400 ppm), phosphorus (P2O5) (380 ppm), potasium (K2O) (520 ppm), Fe (5 ppm), Cu (2 ppm), Zn (2 ppm), Mn (2 ppm) in 1000 liter water per hectare sprayed at first week of May, third week of June and July). The concentration of some macro and micro elements in flower bud and in leaves, also productivity (g/shoot sectional area) mean nut weight, fresh weight of nut per cm2 branch cross sectional area, blanks nuts %, non-split nut %, new shoot growth length after cessation of growth and remained flower bud (%) at the next spring were recorded for the different treatments. The results showed that boron and zinc concentration increased in the bud of sprayed trees in compare to control. Application of nutritional solution decreased the flower bud abscission, also resulted in increased vegetative growth, nut weight, and productivity of trees. In conclusion, spraying of fertilizers in the suitable time to the pistachio trees might be a useful method in decreasing flower bud abscission and mitigating the alternate bearing

Response of alternate bearing of “Badamy sefid” Pistachio cultivar to foliar application of some macro and micro elements

Response of “Badamy sefid” Pistachio trees to spraying of fertilizer was studied over two years (2006–2007). The boron and zincfertilizer were used just on swelling time of female flower bud in compare to no fertilization (control). Also nutritional solution combined ofnitrogen (400 ppm), phosphorus (P2O5) (380 ppm), potasium (K2O) (520 ppm), Fe (5 ppm), Cu (2 ppm), Zn (2 ppm), Mn (2 ppm) in 1000liter water per hectare sprayed at first week of May, third week of June and July). The concentration of some macro and micro elements inflower bud and in leaves, also productivity (g/shoot sectional area) mean nut weight, fresh weight of nut per cm2 branch cross sectional area,blanks nuts %, non-split nut %, new shoot growth length after cessation of growth and remained flower bud (%) at the next spring wererecorded for the different treatments. The results showed that boron and zinc concentration increased in the bud of sprayed trees in compareto control. Application of nutritional solution decreased the flower bud abscission, also resulted in increased vegetative growth, nut weight,and productivity of trees. In conclusion, spraying of fertilizers in the suitable time to the pistachio trees might be a useful method indecreasing flower bud abscission and mitigating the alternate bearing

Could effective microorganisms improve tolerance of UCB1 pistachio to salinity?

Salinity is one of the most important limiting factors for plant growth which can reduce its undesirable effects through stress modulators. In order to investigate the effect of effective microorganisms (EM) on morphological indices and activity of some enzymes in UCB1 rootstock pistachio under salinity stress, a factorial experiment was conducted as a randomized complete blocks design. Factors included were salinity stress at four levels (0.7, 5, 10 and 13.6 dS m-1) and EM at two levels (0, 1%) with three replications. Treatments were applied for three months on plants. The results showed that increasing salinity decreased seedling height, leaf number, stem and root fresh and dry weight, but the activity of (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (AXP) enzymes increased compared to control treatment, whereas EM application showed that concentration of 1% of this fertilizer increased the measured morphological indices and decreased the activity of CAT, POD and AXP enzymes. Interaction effect between salinity and EM was significant only on morphological indices. According to the results, it can be stated that application of EM could reduce adverse effects of salinity stress on the UCB1 rootstock.Salinity is one of the most important limiting factors for plant growth which can reduce its undesirable effects through stress modulators. In order to investigate the effect of effective microorganisms (EM) on morphological indices and activity of some enzymes in UCB1 rootstock pistachio under salinity stress, a factorial experiment was conducted as a randomized complete blocks design. Factors included were salinity stress at four levels (0.7, 5, 10 and 13.6 dS m-1) and EM at two levels (0, 1%) with three replications. Treatments were applied for three months on plants. The results showed that increasing salinity decreased seedling height, leaf number, stem and root fresh and dry weight, but the activity of (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (AXP) enzymes increased compared to control treatment, whereas EM application showed that concentration of 1% of this fertilizer increased the measured morphological indices and decreased the activity of CAT, POD and AXP enzymes. Interaction effect between salinity and EM was significant only on morphological indices. According to the results, it can be stated that application of EM could reduce adverse effects of salinity stress on the UCB1 rootstock

Effect of substrate and cultivar on growth characteristic of strawberry in soilless culture system

The investigation was carried out for evaluation effect of substrate and cultivar on growth characteristic of strawberry in soilless culture system. Experimental treatment consisted of three strawberry cultivars (Camarosa, Mrak and Selva) and six growing media (rice hull, sycamore pruning waste, cocopeat + perlite (50:50), vermicomposts + perlite + coco peat (5:45:50), (15:40:45) and (25:35:40). Measured factors were dry and fresh weight of root and shoot, runner number, petiole length, leaf area, total biomass and root/shoot ratio. Measured physical and chemical characteristics of different substrate consisted of pH, EC, porosity, bulk density, particle density, % organic material and % inorganic material. Results show that these cultivars responded differently to different substrates under this investigation. Furthermore, these substrates had significant effects on cultivars. Camarosa cultivar had the highest of leaf area, length of petiole, runner number and total biomass. Mrak cultivar was the highest of yield. Adding vermicompost to substrates was effected in most of traits.Keywords: Substrate, vermicompost, strawberry, growth characteristics, cultiva

Comparison of varying pollen source on productivity of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) cultivars

Fruit set of five sour cherry cultivars (‘Újfehértói fürtös’, ‘Éva’, ‘Petri’, ‘Pándy 279‘ and ‘Csengôdi’) of eight years-old treesgrown in Újfehértó, located in the Eastern north part of Hungary have been studied over two years (2008 & 2009). Following reciprocallycross-pollination, free-pollination, self-pollination (autogamy) artificial self-pollination (geitonogamy) were studied. The results show thatboth maternal and paternal parent cultivates had significant effects on the percentage fruit set. Significant differences have been found in fruitset among years and among pollination treatments. Fruit set of free-pollinated Pándy 276 cultivar was low and seasonally highly variable. Theyield of this cultivar on self-pollinated flowers was nearly 0%, and in this treatment the maximum yields did not reach 10% in any of theexamined cultivars. There was no significant relationship in the fruit set of free-pollination and natural self-pollination treatments

The effect of polyamines and SICS on the compatibility, fertility and yield indices of apple cv. Golden Delicious

The most critical problems of temperate fruit trees are poor fruit setand low yield. To solve the problem, some major chemical compounds such as polyamines and SICS (self-incompatibility control substance, Mn+B) can be used. Popular polyamines including Putrescine (0.1 and 0.25 mM), both Spermine and Spermidine (0.05 and 0.25 mM), and SICS (1 and 2 mg L-1) were used alone or with cotton coverage bags to cover branches in order to investigate self-incompatibility in Malus domestica. Results showed that Spermidine (0.25 mM) led to higher yields in comparison with that of the control. SICS (2 mg L-1), also, demonstrated the highest yield compared with that of the control. At June fruit set, treatment with Spermidine (0.25 mM) led to the highest percentage of fruit set and also the highest index of self-incompatibility and percentageof final fruit set among treatments

Comparison of varying pollen source on productivity of sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) cultivars

Fruit set of five sour cherry cultivars (‘Újfehértói fürtös’, ‘Éva’, ‘Petri’, ‘Pándy 279‘ and ‘Csengôdi’) of eight years-old trees grown in Újfehértó, located in the Eastern north part of Hungary have been studied over two years (2008 & 2009). Following reciprocally cross-pollination, free-pollination, self-pollination (autogamy) artificial self-pollination (geitonogamy) were studied. The results show that both maternal and paternal parent cultivates had significant effects on the percentage fruit set. Significant differences have been found in fruit set among years and among pollination treatments. Fruit set of free-pollinated Pándy 276 cultivar was low and seasonally highly variable. The yield of this cultivar on self-pollinated flowers was nearly 0%, and in this treatment the maximum yields did not reach 10% in any of the examined cultivars. There was no significant relationship in the fruit set of free-pollination and natural self-pollination treatments

The effect of polyamines and SICS on the compatibility, fertility and yield indices of apple cv. Golden Delicious

The most critical problems of temperate fruit trees are poor fruit setand low yield. To solve the problem, some major chemical compounds such as polyamines and SICS (self-incompatibility control substance, Mn+B) can be used. Popular polyamines including Putrescine (0.1 and 0.25 mM), both Spermine and Spermidine (0.05 and 0.25 mM), and SICS (1 and 2 mg L-1) were used alone or with cotton coverage bags to cover branches in order to investigate self-incompatibility in Malus domestica. Results showed that Spermidine (0.25 mM) led to higher yields in comparison with that of the control. SICS (2 mg L-1), also, demonstrated the highest yield compared with that of the control. At June fruit set, treatment with Spermidine (0.25 mM) led to the highest percentage of fruit set and also the highest index of self-incompatibility and percentageof final fruit set among treatments

Terminology of fruit set and fruit drop of sour cherry cultivars

Fruit set and fruit drop rates of 9 sour cherry cultivars (‘Érdi bôtermô’, ‘Debreceni bôtermô’, ‘Kántorjánosi’, ‘Újfehértói fürtös’,‘Éva’, ‘Petri’ ‘Oblocsinszka’, ‘Pandy 279’ and ‘Csengôdi’) of eight years-old trees grown in Újfehértó, located in the Eastern north part ofHungary which grafted on Prunns mahaleb have been studied. Significant differences have been found in fruit set among cultivars. Theaverage percentage of fruit set was 18.3%, which the ‘Oblocsinszka’ by 32.6% the highest fruit set, while ‘Debreceni bôtermô’ is very similarto ‘Pandy279’ showed lowest (12%) fruit set. Seasonal changes of fruit set and drop shows that there are four abscission peaks. The first fruitabortion wave appears during second week after pollination Thereafter, the second and third dropping period was found during the third andforth weeks after pollination. The forth abscission happened on the forth week after pollination. The highest fruit drop happened on‘Pandy279’ (92.4%) very similar to ‘Éva’ (90%) while the lowest fruit drop observed in ‘Oblocsinszka’ (71.5%

Levels of some micronutrient in dried and fresh fruit samples of apricot cultivars

Concentration of Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) was analyzed in fresh and dried fruit samples of “Jumbo cot“, “Tom cot“, “Gold strike“, “Gold bar“, “Bergeron“, “Bergrouge“, “Sweet cot“, “Yellow cot“ and “Zebra“ apricot cultivars. Concentration of the studied elements was strongly affected by cultivars. B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn content of “Tom cot“ was significantly higher than other cultivars. “Gold strike“ had the highest amount of Mg. Similar tendency was observed in “Zebra“ and “Sweet cot“ where Mn content was significantly higher than the other element contents