An alternative group physiotherapy programme for the management of chronic low back pain in Primary Care

Objectives: To design, implement and evaluate an alternative physiotherapy group exercise programme used for managing chronic low back pain (CLBP) in Primary Care. Introduction: CLBP is a disabling condition with no established standard management. Conservative treatments such as supervised exercise and manual therapy have demonstrated some benefit. Group exercise programmes used in physiotherapy practice are a cost effective treatment for managing CLBP but currently lack a combination of individualized specific exercises, one to one education and manual therapy (‘hands on’ techniques). An alternative group programme was designed to address these limitations. Methods: This thesis consisted of two stages; a survey and a mixed methods design study. The physiotherapy survey was used in stage 1 to investigate what type of exercises are prescribed by physiotherapists and which group programmes are used in clinical practice for managing CLBP. One hundred and fifty-four questionnaires were distributed with a response rate of 63%. Ninety-seven percent of physiotherapists surveyed refer their CLBP patients to group programmes but only 47% of all respondents were able to refer non-English speaking patients. None of the group programmes offered manual therapy. The alternative group physiotherapy programme was developed using this research, review of the literature and consultation with service providers. In stage 2, the alternative group exercise programme was evaluated using a mixed methods preliminary study consisting of a core quantitative and supplementary qualitative phases. The alternative group programme (Group A) was compared to a standard group exercise programme used in clinical practice (Group B) in a single blinded randomised controlled trial. Participants with CLBP were allocated to the two programme groups by block randomisation. Participants in both groups attended six one-hour programme sessions over a 3-month period. Outcomes measuring function, pain, quality of life (EQ-5D) and satisfaction with treatment were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the programmes pre and post programme attendance and at 6 months. Focus groups in the qualitative phase were used to explore patients’ experiences regarding their treatment in the two group programmes. Results Stage 2: Eight-one participants were randomised to the two groups (41 in Group A; 40 in Group B). There was a drop-rate of 33% and only 41% were followed up at 6-months (n=10, Group A; n=12, Group B). There were no statistically significant differences between groups in outcome scores and apart from the EQ-5D at six months, the associated effect sizes were small. The within group analysis revealed significantly lower disability and pain scores post-programme compared to pre-programme in both groups. There were significantly higher EQ-5D scores post-programme compared to pre-programme in Group A but not in Group B. Quality of life deteriorated in Group B at 6-months. The focus group interviews showed that patients prefer individualised exercises and one-to-one education which are components of the alternative programme. Conclusion: This alternative programme may provide a suitable addition to existing programmes available for managing CLBP. This research may change the way physiotherapists deliver exercise for CLBP patients in a group setting

Trends in acquisition and usage of electronic resources at Indian Institutes ofTechnology libraries

The paper studies the trends in acquisition of e-resources vis-a-vis their print counterparts, identifies the e-resourcesbeing subscribed by Indian Institute of Technology (IITs) libraries at Kharagpur, Bombay, Madras, Delhi, Kanpur,Guwahati and Roorkee either individually or through a consortium, and analyzes the usage of these resources during2004-11. The study also compiles a union list of all e-resources accessible at IIT Libraries. Data were collected bypersonal visits, interviews, and using a questionnaire. Web sites and annual reports of the Ministry of Human ResourceDevelopment, IITs and INDEST-AICTE Consortium were also scanned to supplement the above information.COUNTER compliant data as provided by the publishers were used to study the usage. Data analysis revealed that IITlibraries spend a significantly large proportion of their budgets to acquire e-resources. There is a clear shift in thecollection development policies of these libraries where e-resources have become a vital part of their core collections.E-resources in all IITs are being heavily used as the number of downloads have increased from 32,33,818 to 76,17,691articles reflecting a growth of 135% over a period of 8 years

WORK CULTURE, COMPENSATION, THE INFLUENCE ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE, BTN BANK, SURABAYA BRANCH

Competition in the banking industry is very high at this time, it is necessary to have highemployee performance to be able to compete. This study aims to determine the impact ofSIIPS work culture and compensation on the performance of employees of Bank BTNSurabaya Branch. This research uses a quantitative approach with survey research methods.The research instrument consisted of work culture, compensation and performancequestionnaires. The results showed that: 1). SIIPS work culture has a positive direct effecton performance, 2). Compensation has a positive direct effect on performance 3). SIIPSwork culture and compensation simultaneously have a positive direct effect on performance.Keywords: banking industry, SIIPS work culture, compensation, and performanc

Analisis Karya Lukis Seniman Wanita Sumatera Utara Ditinjau Dari Sudut Ide (Konsep) Dan Gaya (Corak) Penampilan Karya

Penelitian ini merupakan suatu kajian atau analisis ide dan gaya seniman wanita, dikaji apakah ide dan gaya lukisannya memiliki relevansi dengan sifat dan kepribadian wanita umumnya. Tujuan utama yang akan dicapai bagaimana sebenarnya wanita mengekspresikan emosinya lewat media lukisan. Data yang diperoleh dari data studi pustaka, dokumentasi, wawancara dan observasi selanjutnya dianalisis dengan dengan menggunakan metode Hermeneutik atau Interpretasi, Induksi-Deduksi dan Deskripsi. Hasil yang ditemukan adalah bahwa wanita dalam meluapkan emosinya cenderung dengan simbol-simbol atau mengungkapkan secara langsung dengan perantaraan makna-makna yang sungkan untuk diungkapkan yakni dalam bentuk warna dan gambar. Terbukti bahwa wanita pun memiliki konsep dan gaya yang sama dengan lukisan-lukisan pria baik dalam warna maupun objek lukisan. Kelembutan, keramahtamahan, lemah gemulai dan sifat wanita yang terlanjur disebutkan sebagai sifatnya, ternyata dalam ide dan konsep karya malah sebaliknya. Kekerasan, pemberontakan dan ledakan-ledakan ternyata menjadi sifat wanita ketika berhadapan dengan kanvas

Pengaruh Pendidikan dan Sanksi Perpajakan terhadap Motivasi Wajib Pajak dalam Memenuhi Kewajiban Perpajakan

This study was conducted to determine the effect of education on the motivation of taxpayers in meeting tax obligations on STO Jakarta Cakung 1, and the influence of administrative sanctions against the taxpayer motivation in meeting tax obligations on STO Jakarta Cakung 1. Referring to the national tax revenue target in 2013 reached USD 1042.32 trillion or an increase of 24.79% from the previous year, the revenue target accounted for 68.14% of the draft budget to the amount of USD 1529.67 trillion (lens Indonesia 2013).F test is used to test whether the simultaneous effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The null hypothesis (Ho) to be tested is whether all the parameters in the model is equal to zero, or Ho: β1 = β2 = 0, which means that there is no influence of independent variables on the dependent variable together. While the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is not all parameters simultaneously equal to zero, or Ha: β1 ≠ β ≠ 0, which means that there is the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable together. Significant if the probability of <0.05.T test was used to test individual regression coefficients, with the following terms, Ho: β1 = 0, which means that there is no influence between independent variables with dependent variables. Ha: β1 ≠ 0, which means that there is the influence of the independent variables with the dependent variable individually.Based on the results above SPSS output can be seen the value of the variable for education sig 0.179> 0.05, which means not significant, so education is partially no significant effect on the motivation of the taxpayer in meeting tax obligations or Ho accepted.While the value of the variable administrative penalties 0.000 <0.05, which means that administrative sanctions partially significant effect on the motivation of the taxpayer in meeting tax obligations or Ho is rejected. According to the author of this happens because of the possibility of sanctions is a factor that is avoided by the taxpayer, so the taxpayer to perform its obligations in a timely manner to avoid administrative sanctions that harm taxpayers.Objects used in this study is the STO Jakarta Cakung the study design is causal, the method of data processing, the software SPSS 17 utcomes will be the dissemination of research results at universities in Indonesia and will be published

Effect of Holding time on Binder Burnout, Density and Strength of Green and Sintered Alumina Samples

The present work deals with the effect of holding time on the binder burnout, bulk density and strength of the sintered alumina bodies. Binders provide better green strength to the ceramic bodies and their efficient removal from the system during sintering plays a crucial role in bulk density and strength of sintered bodies. The sintered bodies in this project were alumina samples which were prepared by dry pressing of granules. These granules were prepared by mixing reactive alumina (-75 micron) with binders solution of 3 and 4 weight percent. The thermal decomposition characteristics of the binders namely (Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA), Dextrin and starch) was carried out. On the basis of these studies, the binder burnout temperature was found to be 450 0C.Accordingly during sintering of the pellets a hold time was given at 450 0C. In order to see the effect of holding time on binder removal rate, the holding time was varied between- no holding (0 minute), 30 minute holding time, 60 minutes holding time. The samples were sintered at 1600 0C for one hour and the sintered samples were characterized for bulk density, apparent porosity, compressive strength and shrinkage. It was observed that Starch (3 %) added samples showed highest compressive strength and also had a high bulk density. It was observed that effective binder burnout could enhance strength of sintered bodies and incomplete removal may lead to defects like cracking, black coring, bloating and formation of closed pores which adversely affect the properties of the sintered bodies

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Sikap Demokratis Mahasiswa

The purpose of this study was to describe: 1) How to implement civic education and learning to develop a democratic attitude and learning participation; 2) How to design a civic education learning model based on controversial issues in the mass media to develop a democratic attitude and student learning participation; 3) Based on the public To what extent can the civic education learning model of media controversial issues develop democratic attitudes and student participation in learning? It is indeed necessary to consider adopting appropriate learning methods to improve and discover students’ understanding of the knowledge conveyed by the teacher. Learning model Problem-based learning or problem-based learning is a student-oriented or student-centered learning model. Problem-based learning models have methods to deal with real-life problems, and this learning emphasizes problem-solving investigation activities. This research is a scientific paper. When using a problem-based learning learning model, a descriptive qualitative research method with a phenomenological description type is used to describe the learning process extensively and deeply. By paying attention to and analyzing the focus of reality or field experience that occurs on the research object. The object of the study is the students of HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar University, and the standard of study is the students participating in the civic education seminar

Kewajiban Debitur untuk Mengasuransikan Barang Agunan dengan Hak Tanggungan dalam Perjanjian Kredit di Bank Pemerintah dan Swasta

Credit contract, using hypothecation, between a debtor and a Bank as the creditor requires the debtor to mortgage his belonging as the collateral for paying off his debt. The research was descriptive analytic, using judicial normative method. In the implementation of insurance contract, a debtor is represented by a Bank as the creditor in signing the covering if the insurance, but the obligation related to the insurance contract is imposed on the debtor. The Bank and the Insurance Company never disclose the debtor\u27s right, and the even try to cover it up. The implementation of the claim for the insurance which will be filed by the should meet the provisions in the contract which has been agreed by the guarantor and the guarantee