12,322 research outputs found
Rapidly rotating strange stars for a new equation of state of strange quark matter
For a new equation of state of strange quark matter, we construct equilibrium
sequences of rapidly rotating strange stars in general relativity. The
sequences are the normal and supramassive evolutionary sequences of constant
rest mass. We also calculate equilibrium sequences for a constant value of
corresponding to the most rapidly rotating pulsar PSR 1937 + 21. In
addition to this, we calculate the radius of the marginally stable orbit and
its dependence on , relevant for modeling of kilo-Hertz quasi-periodic
oscillations in X-ray binaries.Comment: Two figures, uses psbox.tex and emulateapj5.st
Gate-controlled conductance through bilayer graphene ribbons
We study the conductance of a biased bilayer graphene flake with monolayer
nanoribbon contacts. We find that the transmission through the bilayer ribbon
strongly depends on the applied bias between the two layers and on the relative
position of the monolayer contacts. Besides the opening of an energy gap on the
bilayer, the bias allows to tune the electronic density on the bilayer flake,
making possible the control of the electronic transmission by an external
parameter.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures include
Broadening of Spectral Lines due to Dynamic Multiple Scattering and the Tully-Fisher Relation
The frequency shift of spectral lines is most often explained by the Doppler
Effect in terms of relative motion, whereas the Doppler broadening of a
particular line mainly depends on the absolute temperature. The Wolf effect on
the other hand deals with the correlation induced spectral change and explains
both the broadening and shift of the spectral lines. In this framework a
relation between the width of the spectral line is related to the redshift z
for the line and hence with the distance. For smaller values of z a relation
similar to the Tully-Fisher relation can be obtained and for larger values of z
a more general relation can be constructed. The derivation of this kind of
relation based on dynamic multiple scattering theory may play a significant
role in explaining the overall spectra of quasi stellar objects. We emphasize
that this mechanism is not applicable for nearby galaxies, .Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, revised Version has been submitted to Physical
Review A. (2nd author's affiliation corrected
Zero Landau level in folded graphene nanoribbons
Graphene nanoribbons can be folded into a double layer system keeping the two
layers decoupled. In the Quantum Hall regime folds behave as a new type of Hall
bar edge. We show that the symmetry properties of the zero Landau level in
metallic nanoribbons dictate that the zero energy edge states traversing a fold
are perfectly transmitted onto the opposite layer. This result is valid
irrespective of fold geometry, magnetic field strength and crystallographic
orientation of the nanoribbon. Backscattering suppression on the N=0 Hall
plateau is ultimately due to the orthogonality of forward and backward
channels, much like in the Klein paradox.Comment: Final published version, with supplementary material appendi
Nonequilibrium transport and optical properties of model metal--Mott-insulator--metal heterostructures
Electronic properties of heterostructures in which a finite number of
Mott-insulator layers are sandwiched by semi-infinite metallic leads are
investigated by using the dynamical-mean-field method combined with the Keldysh
Green's function technique to account for the finite bias voltage between the
leads. Current across the junction is computed as a function of bias voltage.
Electron spectral functions in the interacting region are shown to evolve by an
applied bias voltage. This effect is measurable by photoemission spectroscopy
and scanning tunneling microscopy. Further predictions are made for the optical
conductivity under a bias voltage as a possible tool to detect a deformed
density of states. A general discussion of correlated-electron based
heterostructures and future prospect is given.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, published versio
Relevance of Induced Gauge Interactions in Decoherence
Decoherence in quantum cosmology is shown to occur naturally in the presence
of induced geometric gauge interactions associated with particle production.A
new 'gauge '-variant form of the semiclassical Einstein equations is also
presented which makes the non-gravitating character of the vacuum polarisation
energy explicit.Comment: 10 pages, LATEX, IC/94/16
Manifestation of the spin-Hall effect through transport measurements in the mesoscopic regime
We study theoretically the manifestation of the spin-Hall effect in a
two-dimensional electronic system with Rashba spin-orbit coupling via
dc-transport measurements in realistic mesoscopic H-shape structures. The
Landauer-Buttiker formalism is used to model samples with mobilities and Rashba
coupling strengths of current experiments and to demonstrate the appearance of
a measurable Rashba-coupling dependent voltage. This type of measurement
requires only metal contacts, i.e., no magnetic elements are present. We also
confirm the robustness of the intrinsic spin-Hall effect against disorder in
the mesoscopic metallic regime in agreement with results of exact
diagonalization studies in the bulk.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Probing the intrinsic state of a one-dimensional quantum well with a photon-assisted tunneling
The photon-assisted tunneling (PAT) through a single wall carbon nanotube
quantum well (QW) under influence an external electromagnetic field for probing
of the Tomonaga Luttinger liquid (TLL) state is suggested. The elementary TLL
excitations inside the quantum well are density () and spin
() bosons. The bosons populate the quantized energy levels
and where is the interlevel spacing, is an
integer number, is the tube length, is the TLL parameter. Since the
electromagnetic field acts on the bosons only while the neutral
and bosons remain unaffected, the PAT spectroscopy
is able of identifying the levels in the QW setup. The spin
boson levels in the same QW are recognized from Zeeman
splitting when applying a d.c. magnetic field field. Basic TLL
parameters are readily extracted from the differential conductivity curves.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Magnetically-controlled impurities in quantum wires with strong Rashba coupling
We investigate the effect of strong spin-orbit interaction on the electronic
transport through non-magnetic impurities in one-dimensional systems. When a
perpendicular magnetic field is applied, the electron spin polarization becomes
momentum-dependent and spin-flip scattering appears, to first order in the
applied field, in addition to the usual potential scattering. We analyze a
situation in which, by tuning the Fermi level and the Rashba coupling, the
magnetic field can suppress the potential scattering. This mechanism should
give rise to a significant negative magnetoresistance in the limit of large
barriers.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Mapping of strongly correlated steady-state nonequilibrium to an effective equilibrium
By mapping steady-state nonequilibrium to an effective equilibrium, we
formulate nonequilibrium problems within an equilibrium picture where we can
apply existing equilibrium many-body techniques to steady-state electron
transport problems. We study the analytic properties of many-body scattering
states, reduce the boundary condition operator in a simple form and prove that
this mapping is equivalent to the correct linear-response theory. In an example
of infinite-U Anderson impurity model, we approximately solve for the
scattering state creation operators, based on which we derive the bias operator
Y to construct the nonequilibrium ensemble in the form of the Boltzmann factor
exp(-beta(H-Y)). The resulting Hamiltonian is solved by the non-crossing
approximation. We obtain the Kondo anomaly conductance at zero bias, inelastic
transport via the charge excitation on the quantum dot and significant
inelastic current background over a wide range of bias. Finally, we propose a
self-consistent algorithm of mapping general steady-state nonequilibrium.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
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