Assessing the reproducibility of coral oxygen and carbon isotope time series from Fiji and Tonga and their application to the reconstruction of South Pacific Convergence Zone movements since the mid-1800s

A major feature affecting the hydrology of the southern hemisphere is the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ); a band of high rainfall extending southeastward from the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). It is a key source of atmospheric water vapor and latent heating. While it is clear that the SPCZ plays a fundamental role in Earth\u27s climate, little is known about the patterns and mechanisms responsible for interannual to century-scale changes in its position and how it may respond to global climate change. This research was focused on developing precisely dated, coral-derived geochemical records of SPCZ variability over the last 200 years. A unique regional coral network consisting of five coral time-series from Fiji (cores 1F, AB, FVB1, FVB2 and 16F) and three from Tonga (cores TH1, TNI2 and TF1) was used to investigate the reproducibility of coral δ18O and δ13C records to create Fiji and Tonga coral δ 18O and δ13C composite records for paleoclimatic reconstruction. Using at least three coral δ18O records from the same area is sufficient to obtain a statistically reliable signal for climate reconstruction. Fiji and Tonga coral δ18O composites at annual resolution are a suitable proxy for past sea surface salinity (SSS) variability. The Fiji coral core δ13C composite can be used to reconstruct the oceanic δ13C variability of the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) reservoir. The long-term decreasing trend in δ13C Fiji-DIC could be considered a representation of the well-known Suess effect. This study discusses interannual, decadal/interdecadal and long-term trends in the SPCZ salinity front movements, which appear to reflect mostly changes in water mass advection, rather than changes in precipitation linked with SPCZ displacement. Fiji and Tonga long term freshening trends suggest that the SPCZ is intensifying and/or expanding. The difference in salinity between Fiji and Tonga indicates that Fiji is freshening at a more rapid rate than Tonga. This study concludes that an intensification of the eastward flowing Subtropical Counter Current during the 20th century appears to be bringing relatively colder and saltier waters to Tonga; those conditions counterbalance the effects of the warmer and fresher conditions induced by the SPCZ expansion

Junior Recital:Jeff Matter, Percussion

Cook Hall 212 Friday Evening November 20, 1998 8:00p.m

The use of the Problem Based Learning and podcast in the learning of the curricular component philosophy in high school

The issue that guided the development of this study was: Does the utilization of Problem Based Learning (PBL), involving the resolution of everyday problems and philosophical themes, presented in podcast format, potentialize the learning of Philosophy for high school students? Based on this research issue, the general objective was drawn: to analyze the potential of PBL and podcast media for the meaningful learning of the Philosophy component in High School. The instruments used for data collection were: a preliminary questionnaire with students, records made through Google docs, during the application of the seven steps of PBL, production and recording of podcasts and comments made to t hem. In addition, a self-assessment and peer assessment were carried out with the students, culminating in a round of conversation. An interview with the teacher was also carried out to analyze the process experienced. Data analysis was performed from two categories that emerged from the theoretical framework and data obtained. It was evidenced that, in the application of PBL combined with the construction of a podcast, in the discipline of Philosophy, in High School, students exercised their protagonism and learned to work collaboratively with their peers

Estimate of the location of the neutron drip line for calcium isotopes from an exact Hamiltonian with continuum pair correlations

Background: The eastern region of the calcium isotope chain of the nuclei chart is, nowadays, of great activity. The experimental assessment of the limit of stability is of interest to confirm or improve microscopic theoretical models.Purpose: The goal of this work is to provide the drip line of the calcium isotopes from the exact solution of the pairing Hamiltonian which incorporate explicitly the correlations with the continuum spectrum of energy.Method: The modified Richardson equations, which include correlations with the continuum spectrum of energy modeled by the continuum single particle level density, is used to solve the many-body system. Three models are used, two isospin independent models with core 40Ca and 48Ca, and one isospin dependent model.Results: One and two-neutron separation energies and occupation probabilities for bound and continuum states are calculated from the solution of the Richardson equations.Conclusions: The one particle drip line is found at the nucleus 57 Ca, while the two neutron drip line is found at the nucleus 60Ca from the isospin independent model and at 66 Ca from the isospin dependent one.Fil: Dassie, Alan Cruz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Id Betan, Rodolfo Mohamed. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Física de Rosario; Argentin

Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development as a Rural Development Strategy

Many social scientists believe that supporting entrepreneurship development within low-income communities is a viable development strategy to combat poverty. Some even suggest that if economic development is to be effective, new businesses in low income areas must be started through local initiatives, and that entrepreneurship is critical to the maintenance of a healthy economy. Underpinned by recent scholarship and grassroots movements that suggest that presence of smaller scale, locally-controlled enterprises can help determine whether communities prosper or decline, this paper explores the links between entrepreneurship and rural development. Using a theory of change framework (Oldsman and Hallberg 2002), the authors examine the USDA 1890 Entrepreneurial Outreach Initiative (USDA 2004) and its use as a local, community-based strategy to spur economic growth and development in rural communities across the South

Relationship between occupational data, symptoms and voice evaluation of teleservice operators

PURPOSE: To relate data regarding gender, age and length of time on the job with voice symptoms and the results of vocal evaluation of teleservice operators. METHODS: A quantitative retrospective analysis was carried with 404 medical records regarding periodic evaluations of employees from bank institutions with owned headquarters contained in the files of a company of occupational medicine, 259 women, 145 men, with ages between 18 and 53 years (mean 30.48). The study had a descriptive exploratory design. RESULTS: Women presented greater quantity of voice symptoms (mean 1.69) and voice alterations (n=33; 12.7%) than men (mean 1.12; n=6; 4.1%). No difference was found between the amount of voice symptoms and the auditory-perceptive evaluation when related to age and length of time on the job. Employees with neutral voices (n=365; 90.35%) presented lesser symptoms (1.41) than employees with non-neutral voices (n=39; 9.65%; mean 2.21). Thirty-four (87.2%) of the 39 employees with non-neutral quality of voice presented laryngopharyngeal resonance, and 21 (53.8%) presented low pitch. Operators with moderate voice alteration presented increased loudness when compared to the operators with discreet alteration. CONCLUSION: Women present greater rate of voice symptoms and disorders. There is no relationship between the increase of age and length of time performing teleoperator functions with the increase of the number of symptoms and vocal alterations. Alterations of pitch, loudness and resonance are related to alterations on the quality of voice.OBJETIVO: Relacionar dados referentes a gênero, idade e tempo na função com os sintomas vocais e os resultados da avaliação vocal de operadores de telesserviços. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada análise retrospectiva e quantitativa de 404 prontuários referentes a avaliações periódicas de funcionários de instituições bancárias com centrais próprias constantes no arquivo de uma empresa de medicina ocupacional, 259 mulheres, 145 homens, com idades entre 18 e 53 anos (média 30,48). O estudo teve caráter exploratório descritivo. RESULTADOS: Mulheres apresentam maior quantidade de sintomas vocais (média 1,69) e alteração de voz (n=33; 12,7%) do que homens (média 1,12 e n=6; 4,1%). Não houve diferença entre quantidade de sintomas vocais e dados da avaliação perceptivo-auditiva quando relacionados à faixa etária e tempo na função. Funcionários com vozes neutras (n=365; 90,35%) apresentaram menor número de sintomas (1,41) que funcionários com vozes não neutras (n=39, 9,65%, média 2,21). Dos 39 funcionários com qualidade vocal não-neutra, 34 (87,2%) apresentaram ressonância laringo-faríngea e 21 (53,8%) apresentaram pitch agravado. Operadores com alteração vocal de grau moderado (n=12; 2,97%) apresentaram maior ocorrência de loudness aumentada em relação aos operadores com alteração discreta. CONCLUSÃO: Mulheres apresentam maiores índices de sintomas e alteração de voz. Não há relação entre o avanço da idade e maior tempo na função do teleoperador com o aumento do número de sintomas e alterações vocais. Alterações de pitch, loudness e ressonância têm relação com alterações de qualidade vocal.Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste Departamento de FonoaudiologiaMicelli Soluções em Saúde Empresarial Departamento de FonoaudiologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação HumanaUNIFESP, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação HumanaSciEL

Eu, jornalista rural

Este trabalho aborda a posição do sujeito-jornalista frente a dois grandes temas rurais: folclore/cultura e ciência/tecnologia. Em cada um deles, o jornalista ocupa lugares diferentes na construção do seu dizer. A partir daí, sob a ótica da análise do discurso de linha francesa, traço alguns paralelos sobre a produção discursiva desse sujeito, que, ao mesmo tempo, trabalha com diversas vozes numa mesma reportagem.

O livro didático de matemática da escola secundária brasileira na Primeira República (1889-1930)

Entre o final da década de 1920 e o início da década de 1930, os programas de ensino passaram de uma estrutura fragmentada (aritmética – álgebra – geometria – trigonometria) para uma unidade denominada matemática. Esta mudança acarretou alterações expressivas nos livros didáticos de matemática destinados ao ensino secundário. Os livros de aritmética, álgebra, geometria e trigonometria deixaram de ser constituídos em separados. Passamos a ter um livro didático de matemática, diferente para cada uma das séries do ensino. Esta ruptura acarretou mudanças que são observadas até os dias atuais. Assim, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os primeiros resultados da desta pesquisa, dedicada aos livros que precedem a ruptura citada. Na análise que segue, foram consideradas as seguintes categorias: estrutura editorial; seleção e distribuição dos conteúdos; abordagem dos conteúdos; e metodologia de ensino