Computation using Noise-based Logic: Efficient String Verification over a Slow Communication Channel

Utilizing the hyperspace of noise-based logic, we show two string verification methods with low communication complexity. One of them is based on continuum noise-based logic. The other one utilizes noise-based logic with random telegraph signals where a mathematical analysis of the error probability is also given. The last operation can also be interpreted as computing universal hash functions with noise-based logic and using them for string comparison. To find out with 10^-25 error probability that two strings with arbitrary length are different (this value is similar to the error probability of an idealistic gate in today's computer) Alice and Bob need to compare only 83 bits of the noise-based hyperspace.Comment: Accepted for publication in European Journal of Physics B (November 10, 2010

Fermionic solution of the Andrews-Baxter-Forrester model II: proof of Melzer's polynomial identities

We compute the one-dimensional configuration sums of the ABF model using the fermionic technique introduced in part I of this paper. Combined with the results of Andrews, Baxter and Forrester, we find proof of polynomial identities for finitizations of the Virasoro characters $\chi_{b,a}^{(r-1,r)}(q)$ as conjectured by Melzer. In the thermodynamic limit these identities reproduce Rogers--Ramanujan type identities for the unitary minimal Virasoro characters, conjectured by the Stony Brook group. We also present a list of additional Virasoro character identities which follow from our proof of Melzer's identities and application of Bailey's lemma.Comment: 28 pages, Latex, 7 Postscript figure

Study of the Hindrance Effect in Sub-barrier Fusion Reactions

We have measured the fusion cross sections of the 12C(13C, p)24Na reaction through off-line measurement of the beta-decay of 24Na using the beta-gamma coincidence method. Our new measurements in the energy range of Ec.m. = 2.6-3.0 MeV do not show an obvious S-factor maximum but a plateau. Comparison between this work and various models is presented.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, Talk at the "10th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions", Beijing, 16-21 August 200

sl(N) Onsager's Algebra and Integrability

We define an $sl(N)$ analog of Onsager's Algebra through a finite set of relations that generalize the Dolan Grady defining relations for the original Onsager's Algebra. This infinite-dimensional Lie Algebra is shown to be isomorphic to a fixed point subalgebra of $sl(N)$ Loop Algebra with respect to a certain involution. As the consequence of the generalized Dolan Grady relations a Hamiltonian linear in the generators of $sl(N)$ Onsager's Algebra is shown to posses an infinite number of mutually commuting integrals of motion

Integrating ecology into macroevolutionary research

On 9 March, over 150 biologists gathered in London for the Centre for Ecology and Evolution spring symposium, ‘Integrating Ecology into Macroevolutionary Research’. The event brought together researchers from London-based institutions alongside others from across the UK, Europe and North America for a day of talks. The meeting highlighted methodological advances and recent analyses of exemplar datasets focusing on the exploration of the role of ecological processes in shaping macroevolutionary patterns

Polynomial Identities, Indices, and Duality for the N=1 Superconformal Model SM(2,4\nu)

We prove polynomial identities for the N=1 superconformal model SM(2,4\nu) which generalize and extend the known Fermi/Bose character identities. Our proof uses the q-trinomial coefficients of Andrews and Baxter on the bosonic side and a recently introduced very general method of producing recursion relations for q-series on the fermionic side. We use these polynomials to demonstrate a dual relation under q \rightarrow q^{-1} between SM(2,4\nu) and M(2\nu-1,4\nu). We also introduce a generalization of the Witten index which is expressible in terms of the Rogers false theta functions.Comment: 41 pages, harvmac, no figures; new identities, proofs and comments added; misprints eliminate

Fusion cross sections for 6,7Li + 24Mg reactions at energies below and above the barrier

Measurement of fusion cross sections for the 6,7Li + 24Mg reactions by the characteristic gamma-ray method has been done at energies from below to well above the respective Coulomb barriers. The fusion cross sections obtained from these gamma-ray cross sections for the two systems are found to agree well with the total reaction cross sections at low energies. The decrease of fusion cross sections with increase of energy is consistent with the fact that other channels, in particular breakup open up with increase of bombarding energy. This shows that there is neither inhibition nor enhancement of fusion cross sections for these systems at above or below the barrier. The critical angular momenta (lcr) deduced from the fusion cross sections are found to have an energy dependence similar to other Li - induced reactions.Comment: 1 .pdf fil

Geographic contrasts between pre- and postzygotic barriers are consistent with reinforcement in Heliconius butterflies.

Identifying the traits causing reproductive isolation and the order in which they evolve isfundamental to understanding speciation. Here, we quantify prezygotic and intrinsicpostzygotic isolation between allopatric, parapatric and sympatric populations of thebutterflies Heliconius elevatus and Heliconius pardalinus. Sympatric populations from theAmazon (H. elevatus and H. p. butleri) exhibit strong prezygotic isolation and rarely mate incaptivity; however, hybrids are fertile. Allopatric populations from the Amazon(H. p. butleri) and Andes (H. p. sergestus) mate freely when brought together in captivity, butthe female F1 hybrids are sterile. Parapatric populations (H. elevatus and H. p. sergestus)exhibit both assortative mating and sterility of female F1s. Assortative mating in sympatricpopulations is consistent with reinforcement in the face of gene flow, where the driving force,selection against hybrids, is due to disruption of mimicry and other ecological traits ratherthan hybrid sterility. In contrast, the lack of assortative mating and hybrid sterility observedin allopatric populations suggests that geographic isolation enables the evolution of intrinsicpostzygotic reproductive isolation. Our results show how the types of reproductive barriersthat evolve between species may depend on geography

Continued Fractions and Fermionic Representations for Characters of M(p,p') minimal models

We present fermionic sum representations of the characters $\chi^{(p,p')}_{r,s}$ of the minimal $M(p,p')$ models for all relatively prime integers $p'>p$ for some allowed values of $r$ and $s$. Our starting point is binomial (q-binomial) identities derived from a truncation of the state counting equations of the XXZ spin ${1\over 2}$ chain of anisotropy $-\Delta=-\cos(\pi{p\over p'})$. We use the Takahashi-Suzuki method to express the allowed values of $r$ (and $s$) in terms of the continued fraction decomposition of $\{{p'\over p}\}$ (and ${p\over p'}$) where $\{x\}$ stands for the fractional part of $x.$ These values are, in fact, the dimensions of the hermitian irreducible representations of $SU_{q_{-}}(2)$ (and $SU_{q_{+}}(2)$) with $q_{-}=\exp (i \pi \{{p'\over p}\})$ (and $q_{+}=\exp ( i \pi {p\over p'})).$ We also establish the duality relation $M(p,p')\leftrightarrow M(p'-p,p')$ and discuss the action of the Andrews-Bailey transformation in the space of minimal models. Many new identities of the Rogers-Ramanujan type are presented.Comment: Several references, one further explicit result and several discussion remarks adde

The significance of measuring monocyte tissue factor activity in patients with breast and colorectal cancer

Monocytes express tissue factor (mTF) in several conditions including cancer where levels may be valuable in assessing tumour presence and progression. Using a two-stage kinetic chromogenic assay (KCA), mTF levels were measured in controls [normal subjects (n = 60) and patients undergoing hernia repair or cholecystectomy (n = 60)], in patients with benign and malignant disease of the breast (n = 83) and of the large bowel (n = 62). This was performed under fresh (resting) conditions and after incubation for 6 h without (unstimulated) and with (stimulated) Escherichia coli endotoxin. The malignant groups showed higher mTF levels than each of the three controls for resting (P < 0.05 breast, P < 0.05 colorectal) unstimulated (P < 0.05 breast, P < 0.05 colorectal) and stimulated cells (P < 0.001 breast, P < 0.01 colorectal). Similarly, the benign inflammatory groups had higher mTF levels than controls for resting (P < 0.05 colorectal), unstimulated (P < 0.05 colorectal) and stimulated cells (P < 0.01 breast, P < 0.01 colorectal). There was no significant difference between malignant and benign inflammatory groups in each organ. mTF levels showed an increase corresponding to that of histological tumour progression and were higher in non-surviving patients. In conclusion, mTF levels are raised in malignant and inflammatory disease compared to controls and patients with non-inflammatory conditions. Stimulated cells give better discrimination between the groups and may be of value in identifying high risk individuals. mTF levels showed an association with tumour grade or stage and the patients' survival time