Electron-Impact Excitation to the 4p⁵5s and 4p⁵5p Levels of Kr | Using Different Distorted-Wave and Close-Coupling Methods

Electron-impact excitation of the 4p55s and 4p55p levels of Kr I has been investigated in detail by calculating cross sections using distorted-wave and close-coupling approaches. The results are presented from the excitation thresholds up to 50 eV incident energy. They are contrasted among the different calculations and compared with other theoretical predictions and experimental data. Significant disagreement is found with many of the recent experimental data of Chilton et al. [Phys. Rev. A 62, 032714 (2000)]

Electron-Impact Excitation from the (4p⁵5s) Metastable States of Krypton

Theoretical results from multistate semirelativistic Breit-Pauli R-matrix calculations and two first-order distorted-wave calculations are presented for electron-impact excitation of krypton from the (4p55s) J = 0,2 metastable states to the (4p55s) and (4p55p) manifolds. Except for a few cases, in which the method to account for relativistic effects becomes surprisingly critical, fair overall agreement between the predictions from the various theoretical models is achieved for intermediate and high energies. However, significant discrepancies remain with the few available experimental data

Electron-Impact Excitation of Xenon

We present theoretical results from multi-state R-matrix (close-coupling) and two different distorted-wave calculations for electronimpact excitation from the ground and excited states to the fine-structure levels of the 5p 56s, 5p 56p, and 5p 55d configurations in Xe I. The results obtained for similar calculations in Ar I and Kr I for some transitions were found to be extremely sensitive to the theoretical model for both the collision process and the target structure. An analysis of the dependence of the results on the details of the theoretical model, particularly on the structure description and the number of coupled states will be presented and the results obtained will be compared with available predictions as well as experimental data. This investigation not only reveals many interesting aspects of basic physics of atomic collision, but it is extremely important for many gaseous electronics applications such as lighting and plasma technologies. In particular, results from this study will be used to model an electron beam pumped Ar-Xe laser at NRL

High Stress Abrasive Wear Behavior of Some Hardfaced Surfaces Produced by Thermal Spraying.

Steel surfaces were thermally sprayed with nickel chromium boron (NCB) powder (with and without tungsten carbide) using an oxy-acetylene torch. The sprayed (hard) surfaces and substrate were characterized for abrasive wear properties. Test parameters such as load and sliding distance were varied. A significant improvement in the abrasive wear resistance (inverse of wear rate) was noted for the thermally sprayed surfaces as compared to that of the substrate. Wear surfaces, subsurface regions, and debris were examined in order to ascertain the operating wear mechanisms. Substrate (mild steel), because of its low hardness, suffered severe wear through the cutting, ploughing, and wedging action of the hard abrasive (silicon carbide). Deep cuts on the worn surface, a bulky transfer layer, subsurface cracks, and large-size debris were observed. However, wear was reduced due to high hardness of the layer of NCB powder on the substrate, which resisted the penetration of abrasive into the surface. Presence of tungsten carbide in the layer of NCB powder further reduced the wear of the corresponding specimen because of very high hardness of the tungsten carbide. Shallow wear grooves and finer debris were observed for the NCB coating with and without tungsten carbide. Cutting was the predominating wear mechanism in the case of coatings

Menstrual Hygiene Practices, WASH Access and the Risk of Urogenital Infection in Women from Odisha, India: Supporting Information

Dataset and other information published to support a PLOS publication on menstrual hygiene practices, WASH access and the risk of urogenital Infection in women from Odisha, Indi