Odontogenic myxoma: A case report and review

Odontogenic myxoma (OM) is a rare and locally invasive benign neoplasm that mainly affects the mandible with a peak incidence in the second–fourth decades of life and predilection for the female. The lesion often grows as a painless swelling. The radiographic features are variable, and therefore, the diagnosis is not easy. Here, we report the case of an OM in a 17-year-old-female occurred as a painless swelling in the lower right jaw for 1 month is presented. Radiologically, it showed a well-demarcated, multilocular radiolucent lesion with fine, bony trabeculae resulting in “sunburst” appearance. According to clinical and radiological features, this article represents a usual case of OM

Anaesthetic management of a pregnant woman with uncorrected tetralogy of fallot for caesarean section

Tetralogy of fallot (TOF) is the most commonly encountered congenital cyanotic heart disease in pregnant females and maternal mortality approaches 10% in unrepaired TOF. General anesthesia is classically considered the technique of choice for incidental surgery in TOF and neuraxial anesthesia is considered relatively contraindicated. However, general anesthesia for caesarean section can increase maternal morbidity. Author report a case of caesarean section performed under epidural anesthesia in patient with uncorrected TOF

Anomaly Detection in UASN Localization Based on Time Series Analysis and Fuzzy Logic

[EN] Underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) offers a promising solution for exploring underwater resources remotely. For getting a better understanding of sensed data, accurate localization is essential. As the UASN acoustic channel is open and the environment is hostile, the risk of malicious activities is very high, particularly in time-critical military applications. Since the location estimation with false data ends up in wrong positioning, it is necessary to identify and ignore such data to ensure data integrity. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel anomaly detection system for UASN localization. To minimize computational power and storage, we designed separate anomaly detection schemes for sensor nodes and anchor nodes. We propose an auto-regressive prediction-based scheme for detecting anomalies at sensor nodes. For anchor nodes, a fuzzy inference system is designed to identify the presence of anomalous behavior. The detection schemes are implemented at every node for enabling identification of multiple and duplicate anomalies at its origin. We simulated the network, modeled anomalies and analyzed the performance of detection schemes at anchor nodes and sensor nodes. The results indicate that anomaly detection systems offer an acceptable accuracy with high true positive rate and F-Score.Das, AP.; Thampi, SM.; Lloret, J. (2020). Anomaly Detection in UASN Localization Based on Time Series Analysis and Fuzzy Logic. Mobile Networks and Applications (Online). 25(1):55-67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-018-1192-y556725

Hanhart syndrome: A rare case report and review of literature

Hanhart syndrome is a rare congenital and genetic disease, in which the most common signs are short, incompletely developed tongue (hypoglossia), absent or partially missing fingers and/or toes (hypodactylia), malformed arms and/or legs (peromelia), and small jaw (micrognathia). Here, we report a case of Hanhart syndrome in an 18-year-old boy. The boy presented with few extraoral and intraoral abnormalities such as short toes and phalanges along with partial syndactyly in the left hand only were the most relevant. Other features such as micro and retrognathic face, incompetent lips, and wide nasal bridge were also significant. The boy was suffering for difficulties in speech and swallowing due to small tongue size, high arched palate, crowding, and few missing teeth. To provide adequate treatment to a patient with Hanhart syndrome, this study aimed to review and to analyze this literature and treatment protocols

Quality assurance and quality improvement using supportive supervision in a large-scale STI intervention with sex workers, men who have sex with men/transgenders and injecting-drug users in India

Background: Documentation of the long-term impact of supportive supervision using a monitoring tool in STI intervention with sex workers, men who have sex with men and injection-drug users is limited. The authors report methods and results of continued quality monitoring in a large-scale STI services provided as a part of a broader HIV-prevention package in six Indian states under Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative. Methodology: Guidelines and standards for STI services, and a supportive supervisory tool to monitor the quality were developed for providing technical support to STI component of large-scale HIV-prevention intervention through 372 project-supported STI clinics. The tool contained 80 questions to track the quality of STI services provided on a five-point scoring scale in five performance areas: coverage, quality of clinic and services, referral networks, community involvement and technical support. Results: The tool was applied to different STI clinics during supportive supervision visits conducted once in every 3 months to assess quality, give immediate feedback and develop a quality score. A total of 292 clinics managed by seven lead implementing partners in six Indian states were covered in 15 quarters over 45 months. Overall quality indicators for the five performance areas showed a three- to sevenfold improvement over the period. Conclusion: It was possible to improve quality over the long-term in STI interventions for sex workers, men who have sex with men and injection-drug users using an interactive and comprehensive supportive supervision tool which gives on-the-spot feedback. However, such an effort is time-consuming and resource-intensive, and needs a structured approach

Men in maternity study: Men matter

The Population Council and the Employees’ State Insurance Company are collaborating in a Men in Maternity (MiM) study in India to test a model of antenatal and postnatal services designed to help thousands of couples, especially men, redefine their roles in reproductive health and improve birth outcomes and maternal health. This is part of a global study that will assess the impact of male partnership in improving pregnancy outcomes and reproductive health, primarily by reducing the prevalence of STIs and increasing postpartum family planning use. Studies suggest that the lack of men’s participation in reproductive health actually undermines women’s health. The MiM study is the first of its kind in India. It includes more than a focus on contraception or safe motherhood and covers topics ranging from child survival and postpartum services to STI diagnosis and treatment and prevention of HIV/AIDS. This research update provides an overview of the MiM experimental intervention and some lessons learned in establishing the new services and maintaining operations during the first 14 months of the study’s intervention period

Efficacy and safety during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) under total intravenous anesthesia – propofol alone versus propofol supplemented with dexketa, a comparative study in medical college, Kolkata

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an invasive procedure and, hence, is distressing for awake patients, requiring an adequate level of anesthesia. Recent advancements have encouraged the use of monitored anesthesia care, that allows the patient to tolerate unpleasant experiences during procedures while maintaining cardio-respiratory function. Usually, propofol-based anesthesia is given in ERCP. The main aim of this study is to compare the effect of propofol alone and propofol with ketamine and dexmedetomidine on the hemodynamics during ERCP, recovery profile, and side effects (if any). Aims and Objectives: (1) To compare efficacy in terms of hemodynamic stability and desaturation events. (2) Recovery and quality of recovery. (3) Pain score. (4) Incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative double-blinded study. Adult patients from the age group of 18–70 years belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA-I) and ASA-II who had undergone ERCP under total intravenous anesthesia were taken and randomly assigned to either of the two groups. Both groups received 0.01 mg/kg glycopyrrolate, 0.1 mg/kg ondansetron, 0.05 mg/kg midazolam, 50 mcg fentanyl, and 40 mg hyoscine. Group A patients received 30 mg propofol as a bolus dose and then repeated according to requirements. Group B patients received 0.5 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine as a loading dose and 0.3 mcg/kg/h as a maintenance infusion dose. 30 mg propofol was given before negotiating scope and then 1 mL (1:1) mixture of propofol and ketamine was repeated according to requirements. Total propofol consumption, hemodynamics, quality of recovery, and side effects (if any) were recorded at regular intervals. Results: The study showed significant cases in Group A had episodes of hypotension and apneic events, whereas there were very few hemodynamic instability and almost no apneic events in Group B patients. The requirement of propofol was much higher in Group A patients. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine when used along with propofol and ketamine in ERCP patients reduced the dose requirement of propofol and maintained hemodynamic stability without causing any apneic events

Men in maternity study: Results from the pre-intervention survey of pregnant women and their husbands at the three interventions, and of only women at three control Employees\u27 State Insurance Corporation dispensaries in Delhi, India: Preliminary findings

The Frontiers in Reproductive Health program, a USAID-funded project of the Population Council, is conducting an operations research (OR) study that investigates the effects of male participation in a new model of maternity care that is gender sensitive and provided at the primary-care level. The immediate objectives are to increase the use of family planning methods in the postpartum period and to promote STI primary preventive practices in men and women. The three-year study called Men in Maternity (MiM) is being conducted in South Africa and India. In India, the project is collaborating with the Employees State Insurance Corporation (ESIC). The MiM intervention is facilitating the inclusion of men in their wives\u27 antenatal and postpartum care with couple and individual counseling during pregnancy and at six weeks postpartum. The data presented in this report is derived from the baseline survey conducted from November 2000 to November 2001 of pregnant women between 10 and 26 weeks of gestation who were attending antenatal clinics at the six ESIC dispensaries

Large-scale STI services in Avahan improve utilization and treatment seeking behaviour amongst high-risk groups in India: an analysis of clinical records from six states

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative, implemented a large HIV prevention programme across six high HIV prevalence states amongst high risk groups consisting of female sex workers, high risk men who have sex with men, transgenders and injecting drug users in India. Utilization of the clinical services, health seeking behaviour and trends in syndromic diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections amongst these populations were measured using the individual tracking data.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The Avahan clinical monitoring system included individual tracking data pertaining to clinical services amongst high risk groups. All clinic visits were recorded in the routine clinical monitoring system using unique identification numbers at the NGO-level. Visits by individual clinic attendees were tracked from January 2005 to December 2009. An analysis examining the limited variables over time, stratified by risk group, was performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 431,434 individuals including 331,533 female sex workers, 10,280 injecting drug users, 82,293 men who have sex with men, and 7,328 transgenders visited the clinics with a total of 2,700,192 visits. Individuals made an average of 6.2 visits to the clinics during the study period. The number of visits per person increased annually from 1.2 in 2005 to 8.3 in 2009. The proportion of attendees visiting clinics more than four times a year increased from 4% in 2005 to 26% in 2009 (p<0.001). The proportion of STI syndromes diagnosed amongst female sex workers decreased from 39% in 2005 to 11% in 2009 (p<0.001) while the proportion of STI syndromes diagnosed amongst high risk men who have sex with men decreased from 12% to 3 % (p<0.001). The proportion of attendees seeking regular STI check-ups increased from 12% to 48% (p<0.001). The proportion of high risk groups accessing clinics within two days of onset of STI-related symptoms and acceptability of speculum and proctoscope examination increased significantly during the programme implementation period.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The programme demonstrated that acceptable and accessible services with marginalised and often difficult–to-reach populations can be brought to a very large scale using standardized approaches. Utilization of these services can dramatically improve health seeking behaviour and reduce STI prevalence.</p