Ultrafast imaging Raman spectroscopy of large-area samples without stepwise scanning

Step-by-step, time-consuming scanning of the sample is still the state-of-the-art in imaging Raman spectroscopy. Even for a few 100 image points the measurement time may add up to minutes or hours. A radical decrease in measurement time can be achieved by applying multiplex spectrographs coupled to imaging fiber bundles that are successfully used in astronomy. For optimal use of the scarce and expensive observation time at astronomical observatories, special high-performance spectrograph systems were developed. They are designed for recording thousands of spatially resolved spectra of a two-dimensional image field within one single exposure. Transferring this technology to imaging Raman spectroscopy allows a considerably faster acquisition of chemical maps. Currently, an imaging field of up to 1 cm2 can be investigated. For porcine skin the required measurement time is less than 1 min. For this reason, this technique is of particular interest for medical diagnostics, e.g., the identification of potentially cancerous abnormalities of skin tissue

Structural features of phlegmon of the maxillofacial region from inhabitants of Khanty – Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug

Phlegmon of the maxillofacial region in the Khanty – Mansiysk Autonomous Region is one of the main pathologies of the oral and maxillofacial surgery, accounting for 4.3% of the hospitalized in the Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery (maxillofacial surgery). On the basis of a complete retrospective examination, the results of treatment of 171 patients were analyzed, it was found that the age group of 21-40 years (58.5 0%), male (67.8%) prevails. The main etiological factor is odontogenic causes (76.6%). Among the diseases that form the premorbid background, the presence of HIV infection (4.7%) and diabetes mellitus (4.1%) was noted. Surgical intervention in combination with antibacterial therapy and complex postoperative management of purulent wound allows to achieve satisfactory immediate results of treatment, to exclude lethal outcomes and to reduce the average duration of hospital treatment to 9,0 + 1,3 days.Флегмоны челюстно-лицевой области в ХМао на сегодня являются одной из основных патологий челюстно-лицевой хирургии, составляя 4,3% от госпитализированных в отделение челюстно-лицевой хирургии (ЧЛХ). На основе сплошного ретроспективного обследования проанализированы результаты лечения 171 больного, установили, что преобладает возрастная группа 21 - 40 лет (58,5 0%), мужской пол (67,8%). основным этиологическим фактором являются одонтогенные причины (76,6%). Среди заболеваний, формирующих преморбидный фон отмечено наличие ВИЧ инфекции (у 4,7%) и сахарного диабета (у 4,1%). Хирургическое вмешательство в сочетании с антибактериальной терапией и комплексным послеоперационным ведением гнойной раны позволяет добиться удовлетворительных ближайших результатов лечения, исключить летальные исходы и сократить среднюю длительность стационарного лечения до 9,0 + 1,3 койко-дня

The Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis: Enzyme replacement therapy

The Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis has been prepared on the initiative of the Russian Pancreatology Club to clarify and consolidate the opinions of Russian specialists (gastroenterologists, surgeons, and pediatricians) on the most significant problems of diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis. This article continues a series of publications explaining the most significant interdisciplinary consensus statements and deals with enzyme replacement therapy

Russian consensus on exoand endocrine pancreatic insufficiency after surgical treatment

The Russian consensus on exo - and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency after surgical treatment was prepared on the initiative of the Russian "Pancreatic Club" on the Delphi method. His goal was to clarify and consolidate the opinions of specialists on the most relevant issues of diagnosis and treatment of exo - and endocrine insufficiency after surgical interventions on the pancreas. An interdisciplinary approach is provided by the participation of leading gastroenterologists and surgeons

Methylsulfonylmethane Suppresses Breast Cancer Growth by Down-Regulating STAT3 and STAT5b Pathways

Breast cancer is the most aggressive form of all cancers, with high incidence and mortality rates. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism by which methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) inhibits breast cancer growth in mice xenografts. MSM is an organic sulfur-containing natural compound without any toxicity. In this study, we demonstrated that MSM substantially decreased the viability of human breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. MSM also suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3, STAT5b, expression of IGF-1R, HIF-1α, VEGF, BrK, and p-IGF-1R and inhibited triple-negative receptor expression in receptor-positive cell lines. Moreover, MSM decreased the DNA-binding activities of STAT5b and STAT3, to the target gene promoters in MDA-MB 231 or co-transfected COS-7 cells. We confirmed that MSM significantly decreased the relative luciferase activities indicating crosstalk between STAT5b/IGF-1R, STAT5b/HSP90α, and STAT3/VEGF. To confirm these findings in vivo, xenografts were established in Balb/c athymic nude mice with MDA-MB 231 cells and MSM was administered for 30 days. Concurring to our in vitro analysis, these xenografts showed decreased expression of STAT3, STAT5b, IGF-1R and VEGF. Through in vitro and in vivo analysis, we confirmed that MSM can effectively regulate multiple targets including STAT3/VEGF and STAT5b/IGF-1R. These are the major molecules involved in tumor development, progression, and metastasis. Thus, we strongly recommend the use of MSM as a trial drug for treating all types of breast cancers including triple-negative cancers

Brazilian Consensus on Photoprotection

Brazil is a country of continental dimensions with a large heterogeneity of climates and massive mixing of the population. Almost the entire national territory is located between the Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, and the Earth axial tilt to the south certainly makes Brazil one of the countries of the world with greater extent of land in proximity to the sun. The Brazilian coastline, where most of its population lives, is more than 8,500 km long. Due to geographic characteristics and cultural trends, Brazilians are among the peoples with the highest annual exposure to the sun. Epidemiological data show a continuing increase in the incidence of nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancers. Photoprotection can be understood as a set of measures aimed at reducing sun exposure and at preventing the development of acute and chronic actinic damage. Due to the peculiarities of Brazilian territory and culture, it would not be advisable to replicate the concepts of photoprotection from other developed countries, places with completely different climates and populations. Thus the Brazilian Society of Dermatology has developed the Brazilian Consensus on Photoprotection, the first official document on photoprotection developed in Brazil for Brazilians, with recommendations on matters involving photoprotection