Innocence and nostalgia in conversation analysis: the dynamic relations of tape and transcript

Die Konversationsanalyse (KA) meint 'wissenschaftlicher' zu sein als andere Formen der qualitativen Textanalyse. Dieser Anspruch resultiert aus dem Charakter und den 'internen Beziehungen' der methodologischen Verfahren und analytischen Objekte, die in der KA verwendet werden. Dazu gehört vor allem das Vertrauen in Tonbandaufnahmen von 'natürlichen' Interaktionen und in detaillierte Transkripte. In diesem Beitrag werden wir die Beziehungen zwischen diesen beiden Elementen untersuchen - zwischen dem Gesprochenen bzw. Gehörten und dem Geschriebenen bzw. Gelesenen. Insbesondere stellen wir den Anspruch - der regelmäßig in der aktuellen pädagogischen Literatur auftaucht -, dass das Tonband dem Transkript überlegen sei, in Frage. Diese Überlegenheit scheint ontologisch und epistemologisch: das Tonband als erste Aufzeichnung und als 'Daten'; und die Primärrolle des Tonbandes bei der Beilegung von Kontroversen und bei der Einschärfung einer professionellen KA-Kultur. Wir werden unsere Kritik hieran auf den folgenden drei Wegen umreißen: Das Tonband - vom Hören zum Lesen : die Grundrhetorik des Tonbandes; die Bedeutung des 'Wiederhörens' als empfohlene Analysestrategie; die generelle Epistemologie des 'Hörens'; das Transkript - vom Lesen zum Hören (teilweise): das Transkript als ein nicht anerkanntes Analyseobjekt; die rhetorischen Merkmale eines KA-Transkripts; die Unentbehrlichkeit des Transkripts und die übertriebene Vorstellung der Möglichkeit eines technischen Ersatzes; die generelle Epistemologie des 'Lesens'; der gegenseitige durchdachte (elaborative) Charakter von Tonband und Transkript: die dokumentarische Methode der KA; Wiederhören wie Wiederlesen; das Tonband verändert sich auch; das Fehlen eines Grundobjektes für die KA und die Konsequenzen.This paper attempts an analysis of some of the methodological practices of Conversation Analysis (CA); in particular, tape recording and transcription. The paper starts from the observation that, in the CA literature, these practices, and the analytic objects they create (the tape and the transcript), are accorded different treatment: simply put, for CA the tape is a 'realist' object, while the transcript is a 'constructivist' one. The significance of this difference is explored through an analysis of the dynamics of CA practice. We argue that the 'constructivist transcript' is premised on an understanding of CA as predominantly concerned with maximising its 'analytic utility': a concern of one distinct temporal stage of CA work: that of the 'innocent' apprehension of objects in the 'first time through'. The 'realist tape', in contrast, is based on a different aspect of the work of CA: its quest for greater 'evidential utility', achieved by the 'nostalgic' revisiting of previously produced objects for purposes of checking them against each other; work done in the 'next time through'. We further argue that both the ontology and the epistemology of CA's objects are changed in any next time encounter. We conclude with a cautionary speculation on the currently-projected, transcript-free, digital future of CA

Technical note: Ground-based remote sensing of a mountain stream: measuring stage and water width using a simple time-lapse camera.

Remote sensing applied to river monitoring adds complementary information useful for understanding the system behaviour. In this paper, we present a method for visual stage gauging and water surface width measurement using a ground-based time-lapse camera and a fully automatic image analysis algorithm for flow monitoring at a river cross section of a steep, bouldery channel. The remote stage measurement was coupled with a water level logger (pressure transducer) on site and shows that the image-based method gives a reliable estimate of the water height variation and daily flow record when validated against the pressure transducer (R = 0.91). From the remotely sensed pictures, we also extracted the water width and show that it is possible to correlate water surface width and stage. The images also provide valuable ancillary information for interpreting and understanding flow hydraulics and site weather conditions. This image-based gauging method is a reliable, informative and inexpensive alternative or adjunct to conventional stage measurement especially for remote sites

Innocence and nostalgia in conversation analysis: the dynamic relations of tape and transcript

This paper attempts an analysis of some of the methodological practices of Conversation Analysis (CA); in particular, tape recording and transcription. The paper starts from the observation that, in the CA literature, these practices, and the analytic objects they create (the tape and the transcript), are accorded different treatment: simply put, for CA the tape is a "realist" object, while the transcript is a "constructivist" one. The significance of this difference is explored through an analysis of the dynamics of CA practice. We argue that the "constructivist transcript" is premised on an understanding of CA as predominantly concerned with maximising its "analytic utility": a concern of one distinct temporal stage of CA work: that of the "innocent" apprehension of objects in the "first time through". The "realist tape", in contrast, is based on a different aspect of the work of CA: its quest for greater "evidential utility", achieved by the "nostalgic" revisiting of previously produced objects for purposes of checking them against each other; work done in the "next time through". We further argue that both the ontology and the epistemology of CA's objects are changed in any next time encounter. We conclude with a cautionary speculation on the currently-projected, transcript-free, digital future of CA

Rates of planimetric change in a proglacial gravel-bed braided river: field measurement and physical modeling

Planimetric change was measured on daily hydrographs over two meltwater seasons using time-lapse images of the proglacial, gravel, braided, Sunwapta River, Canada. Significant planimetric change occurred on 10-15 days per year. Area of planimetric change correlated with peak and total daily meltwater hydrograph discharge. A clear threshold discharge can be identified below which no planform activity occurs, an intermediate range over which change occurs conditionally, and a peak flow range at which significant change always occurs. Field conditions were reproduced in a physical model in a laboratory flume. Photogrammetric DEMs of bed morphology and measurements of bedload output were made for each hydrograph experimental run. The physical model results for planimetric change had a threshold discharge for change, and trend with discharge, similar to the field data. The model data also show that planimetric change correlates strongly with volumes of erosion/deposition measured from successive DEMs, and with bedload transport rate. The relation between planimetric change and topographic change is also apparent from previous cross-section surveys at the field site. The results highlight the planimetric dynamics of braiding rivers in relation to discharge forcing, and the relationship between planimetric change, morphological change, and bedload transport in braided rivers. This also points to the potential use of measurements of planimetric change from time-lapse imagery as a low-cost method for high-frequency monitoring for braiding dynamics and also a surrogate for bedload transport measurement

Acquired resistance to oxaliplatin is not directly associated with increased resistance to DNA damage in SK-N-ASrOXALI4000, a newly established oxaliplatin-resistant sub-line of the neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-AS

The formation of acquired drug resistance is a major reason for the failure of anti-cancer therapies after initial response. Here, we introduce a novel model of acquired oxaliplatin resistance, a sub-line of the non-MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-AS that was adapted to growth in the presence of 4000 ng/mL oxaliplatin (SK-N-ASrOXALI4000). SK-N-ASrOXALI4000 cells displayed enhanced chromosomal aberrations compared to SK-N-AS, as indicated by 24-chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Moreover, SK-N-ASrOXALI4000 cells were resistant not only to oxaliplatin but also to the two other commonly used anti-cancer platinum agents cisplatin and carboplatin. SK-N-ASrOXALI4000 cells exhibited a stable resistance phenotype that was not affected by culturing the cells for 10 weeks in the absence of oxaliplatin. Interestingly, SK-N-ASrOXALI4000 cells showed no cross resistance to gemcitabine and increased sensitivity to doxorubicin and UVC radiation, alternative treatments that like platinum drugs target DNA integrity. Notably, UVC-induced DNA damage is thought to be predominantly repaired by nucleotide excision repair and nucleotide excision repair has been described as the main oxaliplatin-induced DNA damage repair system. SK-N-ASrOXALI4000 cells were also more sensitive to lysis by influenza A virus, a candidate for oncolytic therapy, than SK-N-AS cells. In conclusion, we introduce a novel oxaliplatin resistance model. The oxaliplatin resistance mechanisms in SK-N-ASrOXALI4000 cells appear to be complex and not to directly depend on enhanced DNA repair capacity. Models of oxaliplatin resistance are of particular relevance since research on platinum drugs has so far predominantly focused on cisplatin and carboplatin

Innocence and Nostalgia in Conversation Analysis: The Dynamic Relations of Tape and Transcript

Die Konversationsanalyse (KA) meint "wissenschaftlicher" zu sein als andere Formen der qualitativen Textanalyse. Dieser Anspruch resultiert aus dem Charakter und den "internen Beziehungen" der methodologischen Verfahren und analytischen Objekte, die in der KA verwendet werden. Dazu gehört vor allem das Vertrauen in Tonbandaufnahmen von "natürlichen" Interaktionen und in detaillierte Transkripte. In diesem Beitrag werden wir die Beziehungen zwischen diesen beiden Elementen untersuchen – zwischen dem Gesprochenen bzw. Gehörten und dem Geschriebenen bzw. Gelesenen. Insbesondere stellen wir den Anspruch – der regelmäßig in der aktuellen pädagogischen Literatur auftaucht –, dass das Tonband dem Transkript überlegen sei, in Frage. Diese Überlegenheit scheint ontologisch und epistemologisch: das Tonband als erste Aufzeichnung und als "Daten"; und die Primärrolle des Tonbandes bei der Beilegung von Kontroversen und bei der Einschärfung einer professionellen KA-Kultur. Wir werden unsere Kritik hieran auf den folgenden drei Wegen umreißen: * Das Tonband – vom Hören zum Lesen : die Grundrhetorik des Tonbandes; die Bedeutung des "Wiederhörens" als empfohlene Analysestrategie; die generelle Epistemologie des "Hörens"; * das Transkript – vom Lesen zum Hören (teilweise): das Transkript als ein nicht anerkanntes Analyseobjekt; die rhetorischen Merkmale eines KA-Transkripts; die Unentbehrlichkeit des Transkripts und die übertriebene Vorstellung der Möglichkeit eines technischen Ersatzes; die generelle Epistemologie des "Lesens"; * der gegenseitige durchdachte (elaborative) Charakter von Tonband und Transkript: die dokumentarische Methode der KA; Wiederhören wie Wiederlesen; das Tonband verändert sich auch; das Fehlen eines Grundobjektes für die KA und die Konsequenzen.This paper attempts an analysis of some of the methodological practices of Conversation Analysis (CA); in particular, tape recording and transcription. The paper starts from the observation that, in the CA literature, these practices, and the analytic objects they create (the tape and the transcript), are accorded different treatment: simply put, for CA the tape is a "realist" object, while the transcript is a "constructivist" one. The significance of this difference is explored through an analysis of the dynamics of CA practice. We argue that the "constructivist transcript" is premised on an understanding of CA as predominantly concerned with maximising its "analytic utility": a concern of one distinct temporal stage of CA work: that of the "innocent" apprehension of objects in the "first time through". The "realist tape", in contrast, is based on a different aspect of the work of CA: its quest for greater "evidential utility", achieved by the "nostalgic" revisiting of previously produced objects for purposes of checking them against each other; work done in the "next time through". We further argue that both the ontology and the epistemology of CA's objects are changed in any next time encounter. We conclude with a cautionary speculation on the currently-projected, transcript-free, digital future of CA.Este artículo intenta analizar algunas de las prácticas metodológicas del Análisis Conversacional (AC); en particular la grabación y la transcripción. EL artículo comienza con la observación de que en la literatura sobre AC tales prácticas y los objetos analíticos que crean (la grabación y la transcripción) son tratados de manera diferente. Dicho de manera simple, la grabacíon es un objeto "realista", mientras que la transcripción es "constructivista". La importancia de esta diferencia es explorada a través del análisis de la dinámica de la práctica del AC. Argumentamos que la "transcripción constructivista", se basa en la premisa de una comprensión del AC como estrategia predominantemente interesada en maximizar su utilidad analítica: un interés por una etapa temporal distinta del trabajo del AC, la de la aprehensión "inocente" de objetos a través de su "primer momento". En contraste, la "transcripción realista" se basa en un aspecto diferente del trabajo del AC: la petición de una mayor "utilidad de evidencia", alcanzada por la revisión "nostálgica" de objetos previamente producidos con propósito de contrastarlos entre sí; trabajo realizado "a través del siguiente momento". Adicionalmente argumentamos que tanto la ontología y la epistemología de los objetos del AC se cambian en cualquier encuentro que ocurra. Concluimos con una advertencia especulativa sobre la actualmente proyectada transcripción libre y en el futuro digitalizada del AC

Inocencia y nostalgia en el análisis conversacional: Las relaciones dinámicas de la grabación y la transcripción

Die Konversationsanalyse (KA) meint "wissenschaftlicher" zu sein als andere Formen der qualitativen Textanalyse. Dieser Anspruch resultiert aus dem Charakter und den "internen Beziehungen" der methodologischen Verfahren und analytischen Objekte, die in der KA verwendet werden. Dazu gehört vor allem das Vertrauen in Tonbandaufnahmen von "natürlichen" Interaktionen und in detaillierte Transkripte. In diesem Beitrag werden wir die Beziehungen zwischen diesen beiden Elementen untersuchen – zwischen dem Gesprochenen bzw. Gehörten und dem Geschriebenen bzw. Gelesenen. Insbesondere stellen wir den Anspruch – der regelmäßig in der aktuellen pädagogischen Literatur auftaucht –, dass das Tonband dem Transkript überlegen sei, in Frage. Diese Überlegenheit scheint ontologisch und epistemologisch: das Tonband als erste Aufzeichnung und als "Daten"; und die Primärrolle des Tonbandes bei der Beilegung von Kontroversen und bei der Einschärfung einer professionellen KA-Kultur. Wir werden unsere Kritik hieran auf den folgenden drei Wegen umreißen: * Das Tonband – vom Hören zum Lesen : die Grundrhetorik des Tonbandes; die Bedeutung des "Wiederhörens" als empfohlene Analysestrategie; die generelle Epistemologie des "Hörens"; * das Transkript – vom Lesen zum Hören (teilweise): das Transkript als ein nicht anerkanntes Analyseobjekt; die rhetorischen Merkmale eines KA-Transkripts; die Unentbehrlichkeit des Transkripts und die übertriebene Vorstellung der Möglichkeit eines technischen Ersatzes; die generelle Epistemologie des "Lesens"; * der gegenseitige durchdachte (elaborative) Charakter von Tonband und Transkript: die dokumentarische Methode der KA; Wiederhören wie Wiederlesen; das Tonband verändert sich auch; das Fehlen eines Grundobjektes für die KA und die Konsequenzen. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs000335This paper attempts an analysis of some of the methodological practices of Conversation Analysis (CA); in particular, tape recording and transcription. The paper starts from the observation that, in the CA literature, these practices, and the analytic objects they create (the tape and the transcript), are accorded different treatment: simply put, for CA the tape is a "realist" object, while the transcript is a "constructivist" one. The significance of this difference is explored through an analysis of the dynamics of CA practice. We argue that the "constructivist transcript" is premised on an understanding of CA as predominantly concerned with maximising its "analytic utility": a concern of one distinct temporal stage of CA work: that of the "innocent" apprehension of objects in the "first time through". The "realist tape", in contrast, is based on a different aspect of the work of CA: its quest for greater "evidential utility", achieved by the "nostalgic" revisiting of previously produced objects for purposes of checking them against each other; work done in the "next time through". We further argue that both the ontology and the epistemology of CA's objects are changed in any next time encounter. We conclude with a cautionary speculation on the currently-projected, transcript-free, digital future of CA. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs000335Este artículo intenta analizar algunas de las prácticas metodológicas del Análisis Conversacional (AC); en particular la grabación y la transcripción. EL artículo comienza con la observación de que en la literatura sobre AC tales prácticas y los objetos analíticos que crean (la grabación y la transcripción) son tratados de manera diferente. Dicho de manera simple, la grabacíon es un objeto "realista", mientras que la transcripción es "constructivista". La importancia de esta diferencia es explorada a través del análisis de la dinámica de la práctica del AC. Argumentamos que la "transcripción constructivista", se basa en la premisa de una comprensión del AC como estrategia predominantemente interesada en maximizar su utilidad analítica: un interés por una etapa temporal distinta del trabajo del AC, la de la aprehensión "inocente" de objetos a través de su "primer momento". En contraste, la "transcripción realista" se basa en un aspecto diferente del trabajo del AC: la petición de una mayor "utilidad de evidencia", alcanzada por la revisión "nostálgica" de objetos previamente producidos con propósito de contrastarlos entre sí; trabajo realizado "a través del siguiente momento". Adicionalmente argumentamos que tanto la ontología y la epistemología de los objetos del AC se cambian en cualquier encuentro que ocurra. Concluimos con una advertencia especulativa sobre la actualmente proyectada transcripción libre y en el futuro digitalizada del AC. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs00033

Innocence and Nostalgia in Conversation Analysis: The Dynamic Relations of Tape and Transcript

This paper attempts an analysis of some of the methodological practices of Conversation Analysis (CA); in particular, tape recording and transcription. The paper starts from the observation that, in the CA literature, these practices, and the analytic objects they create (the tape and the transcript), are accorded different treatment: simply put, for CA the tape is a "realist" object, while the transcript is a "constructivist" one. The significance of this difference is explored through an analysis of the dynamics of CA practice. We argue that the "constructivist transcript" is premised on an understanding of CA as predominantly concerned with maximising its "analytic utility": a concern of one distinct temporal stage of CA work: that of the "innocent" apprehension of objects in the "first time through". The "realist tape", in contrast, is based on a different aspect of the work of CA: its quest for greater "evidential utility", achieved by the "nostalgic" revisiting of previously produced objects for purposes of checking them against each other; work done in the "next time through". We further argue that both the ontology and the epistemology of CA's objects are changed in any next time encounter. We conclude with a cautionary speculation on the currently-projected, transcript-free, digital future of CA. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs00033

Men under pressure: representations of the `salaryman' and his organization in Japanese manga

In this article we analyse representations of the Japanese salaryman and Japanese organization in Japanese manga, or graphic novels, during the turbulent decades from the mid-1980s to the present day. We argue that manga presents salarymen protagonists in a sympathetic yet not uncritical light, and that it displays support for and criticism of both the Japanese and American organizational models. We describe how these manga offer important critical challenges from the world of popular culture to the direction of change in Japanese business organizations since the 1980s. In addition, we suggest that the manga may also provide salarymen with opportunities for critically re-evaluating their own working situations and for developing methods for surviving and thriving under the pressures of working within contemporary Japanese business organizations

Representative fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) images of chromosomes 2 (A, D and G), 12 (B, E and H) and 8 (C, F and I) in SK-N-AS (A-C), SK-N-ASrOALI4000(-) (D-F), and SK-N-ASrOXALI4000 (G-I) neuroblastoma cells.

<p>Scale bar represents 10μm.</p