PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN PADA TANAMAN METE MUDA DI TALOKO-SANGGAR, SUMBAWA

Sejak tanaman mete diusahakan pada lahan marginal, maka pengelolaannya harus di arahkan untuk memperbaiki status hara tanah, agar kebutuhan hara lebih terjamin untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan produksi yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis dan komposisi pupuk NPK ter-hadap pertumbuhan tanaman mete muda yang ditanam pada tanah regosol di desa Taloko, Kecamatan Sanggar, Bima-Sumbawa dari ta-hun 1997 sampai 2000. Perlakuan pupuk yang diuji adalah: (1) Dosis pupuk, 6 taraf (0, 150, 300, 450, 600 dan 750 g NPK/pohon/th); (2) Komposisi pupuk NPK, 3 macam (2:1:1, 1:1:1, dan 1:1:2). Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 2 ulangan dan ukuran petak 4 pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis dan komposisi pupuk berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman. Dosis pupuk yang memadai untuk mendukung per-tumbuhan tanaman mete adalah 200, 300 dan 600 g NPK (dalam bentuk N, P2O5 dan K2O) per pohon per tahun, masing-masing untuk umur tanaman 2, 3 dan 4 tahun. Sedangkan komposisi pupuk NPK yang dianjurkan adalah NPK 2:1:1 untuk tanaman berumur kurang dari 3 tahun, dan komposisi NPK 1:1:2 untuk tanaman mete berumur lebih dari 3 tahun

Strategi Peningkatan Produktivitas Lada Dengan Tajar Tinggi Dan Pemangkasan Intensif Serta Kemungkinan Adopsinya Di Indonesia

Strategy in Increase Productivity of Black Pepper With High Supports, Intensified Pruning and Its Adoption Possibility in IndonesiaBlack pepper is an important and traditional export commodity of Indonesia. The mean productivity of Indonesian black pepper is low (< 1 ton/ha) which is much lower than those of other producing countries such as Vietnam, Brazil and Malaysia. There are number factors influencing the low productivity of black pepper vines in the country, both technical and non-technical constraints. Among them, agronomic aspects such as the use of short supports or standards of about + 3.0 m in height, and unintensified pruning of both black pepper vines and its live supports are believed to contributing low in yields of the crop. In other words, the use of live supports with height of more than 5.0 m, followed by intensified pruning of black pepper vines and its live supports are able to increase the mean national productivity of the crop of higher than of 1,5 tons ha/year. Higher in yields or productivity of black pepper vine may be achieved if farmers not only adopt the two agronomic aspects but also other recommended cultural practices do. Hence, socialization and implementation of the improved cultural practice technologies for the crop is needed in the future, in turn, higher in yield or productivity of the crop as well as income of farmers be achieved

KONDISI KRITIS LADA PUTIH BANGKA BELITUNG DAN ALTERNATIF PEMULIHANNYA

Critical condition of muntok white pepper of Bangka Belitung and its alternative recoveryBangka Belitung (Babel) Province is one of the pepper producing areas in Indonesia, particularly for white pepper. Recently, its role however tends to lower indicated by the decreases in cultivation areas and production of white pepper. A number of factors causing the decrease of production and plated area of pepper in Babel are fluctuation of pepper price, infestation of plant diseases, uncontrolled exploitation of tin mining, and expansion of other estate crops. If the factors are not able be controlled carefully, it may result in muntok white pepper, the trademark of Babel, be eliminated over the time or neglected. Hence, a number of alternative solutions such as zoning of main crops growing, diversification of crop production, and strengthening of capital and institutional supports may be established to minimize the decreases of black pepper areas in Babel

Kondisi Kritis Lada Putih Bangka Belitung dan Alternatif Pemulihannya

Critical condition of muntok white pepper of Bangka Belitung and its alternative recoveryBangka Belitung (Babel) Province is one of the pepper producing areas in Indonesia, particularly for white pepper. Recently, its role however tends to lower indicated by the decreases in cultivation areas and production of white pepper. A number of factors causing the decrease of production and plated area of pepper in Babel are fluctuation of pepper price, infestation of plant diseases, uncontrolled exploitation of tin mining, and expansion of other estate crops. If the factors are not able be controlled carefully, it may result in muntok white pepper, the trademark of Babel, be eliminated over the time or neglected. Hence, a number of alternative solutions such as zoning of main crops growing, diversification of crop production, and strengthening of capital and institutional supports may be established to minimize the decreases of black pepper areas in Babel

Pengaruh Pemupukan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jambu Mete di Lombok

Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis dankomposisi pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu meteyang ditanam pada tanah regosol cokelat-kelabu di Desa Loloan,Kecamatan Bayan, Lombok Barat, dari tahun 1997 sampai 2000. Faktoryang diuji adalah: (1) komposisi NPK, 2 macam (1:1:1, dan 1:1:2); dan (2)dosis pupuk, 4 taraf (500, 750, 1000 dan 1500 g/pohon/tahun). Perlakuandisusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 ulangan dan ukuranpetak 4 pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman jambu metecukup responsif terhadap pemupukan. Pemberian pupuk menaikkankandungan hara N, P dan K daun. Dosis pupuk yang cukup memadai untukmenunjang pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete adalah 500, 750, dan1000 g NPK/pohon/tahun dengan komposisi pupuk NPK 1:1:2, masing-masing untuk umur tanaman 5, 6, dan 7 tahun. Pupuk tersebut diberikandalam 2 kali agihan, yaitu 50% pada awal musim hujan, dan 50% lagimenjelang akhir musim hujan

Rehabilitation Technology on Cashew Trees.

Cashew growing in Indonesia is mainly addressed to economic reasons rather than soil and waterconservations of some degraded soils. Main producing areas of the crop are Southeast Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, East Java, Cen tral of Java, East Nusa Tenggara and West Nusa Tenggara provinces covering about 500.000 ha or about 90% of Indonesian cashew. In general, mean yields of the crop is much lower than those of other producing countries like India and Vietnam. Many factors believed affect low in yields of the crop. Increasing in composition of damaged cashew trees to those of the health ones may bring about steadily declining production of Indonesian cashew. In turn, meanyields of the crop achieved are low. Rehabilitation programs of cashew orchard at field levels are therefore needed, mainly to the main growing areas of cashew trees. Field actions that might be implemented for the purposes are pruning, thinning and replanting with high yielding varieties or clones of cashew. To accelerate of recovering of cashew trees, other orchard managements like fertilizing and controlling of some im portant pest and diseases of the crop should be accomplished in better ways

PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAMBU METE DI LOMBOK

ABSTRAKPenelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis dankomposisi pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu meteyang ditanam pada tanah regosol cokelat-kelabu di Desa Loloan,Kecamatan Bayan, Lombok Barat, dari tahun 1997 sampai 2000. Faktoryang diuji adalah: (1) komposisi NPK, 2 macam (1:1:1, dan 1:1:2); dan (2)dosis pupuk, 4 taraf (500, 750, 1000 dan 1500 g/pohon/tahun). Perlakuandisusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 4 ulangan dan ukuranpetak 4 pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman jambu metecukup responsif terhadap pemupukan. Pemberian pupuk menaikkankandungan hara N, P dan K daun. Dosis pupuk yang cukup memadai untukmenunjang pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete adalah 500, 750, dan1000 g NPK/pohon/tahun dengan komposisi pupuk NPK 1:1:2, masing-masing untuk umur tanaman 5, 6, dan 7 tahun. Pupuk tersebut diberikandalam 2 kali agihan, yaitu 50% pada awal musim hujan, dan 50% lagimenjelang akhir musim hujan.Kata kunci : Jambu  mete,  Anacardium  occidentale,  pemupukan,pertumbuhan, produksi, Nusa Tenggara BaratABSTRACTEffect of fertilizer application on the growth and yield ofcashew in LombokA field study was conducted on cashew trees grown at grayish-brown regosol soil located at Loloan, Bayan, West Lombok, from 1997 to2000. The objectives of the study were to examine the effect of NPKfertilizer and its composition on growth and yield of cashew. Treatmentsexamined were: (1) composition of NPK (1:1:1, and 1:1:2); and (2)fertilizer dosage (500, 750, 1000 and 1500 g NPK/tree/year). Thetreatments were arranged in a randomized block design with 4 replicationsand plot size of 4 plants. Research results showed that the application offertilizers significantly affected the growth and yield of cashew. Thecontent of N, P and K in cashew leaves improved as the fertilizer dosageincreased. Appropriate amounts of NPK were 500, 750 and 1000 gNPK/tree/year with composition of 1:1:2 for cashew trees of 5, 6 and 7years old, respectively. The fertilizers were applied twice a year (50% inthe beginning of rainy season, and 50% in the end of rainy season).Key words : Cashew, Anacardium occidentale, fertilizer application,growth, yield, West Nusa Tenggar

Respon Jambu Mete Bermikoriza terhadap Pengurangan Dosis Pupuk NPK

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan respon tanaman jambu mete varietas BO2 bermikoriza terhadap pengurangan dosis pemupukan NPK di rumah kaca. Penelitian dilakukan selama 6 bulan di rumah kaca KP. Cikampek, Balittri dan laboratorium Ekofisiologi Balittro, Jawa Barat. Rancangan yang digunakan acak lengkap, terdiri dari 4 ulangan dan 2 faktor. Faktor I adalah aplikasi FMA (fungi mikoriza arbuskula), yaitu tanpa dan dengan FMA; faktor II adalah level pupuk NPK, yaitu : dosis penuh (8 g Urea, 8 g SP-36, dan 6 g KCl per pot), ¾ dosis NPK, ½ dosis NPK dan ¼ dosis NPK. Pengamatan yang dilakukan meliputi parameter pertumbuhan tanaman, serapan hara NPK dan kandungan klorofil daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum aplikasi FMA berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jambu mete. Penggunaan FMA nyata meningkatkan bobot kering daun sebesar 19,8% dibandingkan tanpa FMA, serta meningkatkan kandungan klorofil a, b dan klorofil total daun pada dosis pemupukan NPK yang rendah (¼ dan ½ dosis NPK). Selain itu, serapan hara NPK daun jambu mete bermikoriza pada perlakuan ½ NPK meningkat sebesar 43,8%, 53% dan 49% dibandingkan tanpa FMA. Respon tanaman jambu mete bermikoriza (umur 5 bulan) terhadap pengurangan ½ dosis NPK menghasilkan keragaan pertumbuhan tanaman yang cukup baik

Fertilization Technology on Cashew Trees.

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn) is among the leading export crops in Indonesia. It is also animportant smallholder crop mainly grown in the eastern parts of Indonesia. Its expansion of growing the crop, it is however n ot followed by significant increases in yields, being low ranging of 200 – 350 kg/ha. Many factors believed affect yields achieved, begun from environment, cultivatedvarieties, up to poor management of cashew orchard. As the cashew trees are mostly developed in marginal lands, role of ferti lizer uses may become exeedingly important effort in improving the productivity of the crops. In addition, there are many evidences that the crops adequately managed may give better in yields. However, most farmers do not use fertilizers for the crops or if any, added in very small amounts obviously addressed for annual crops like maize, bean or rice usually planted among the cashew trees. As results, the cashew trees are not able to achieve opti mum yields even though the planting materials used might have high in yield potential. The fertilizers that may be used both in form of organic and inorganic ones. They should be added in such way, so the soils on which the crops are planted be able to grow and develop well, in turn, their yields increase significantly