71 research outputs found
Pullularins E and F, two new peptides from the endophytic fungus Bionectria ochroleuca isolated from the mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris
Acknowledgements This project was supported by grants of the BMBF (to P.P.) and MOST (to W.L.). We wish to thank W.E.G. Müller (Johannes-Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany) for carrying out the cytotoxicity assay. A scholarship (Grant No. 10/6/117) granted and financed by the Egyptian Government (Ministry of High Education) to W.E. is gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Enhancement of botrallin and TMC-264 production in liquid culture of endophytic fungus Hyalodendriella sp. Ponipodef12 after treatments with metal ions
Background: Hyalodendriella sp. Ponipodef12, an endophytic fungus from
a poplar hybrid, was a high producer of botrallin and TMC-264 with
various bioactivities. In this study, the influences of eight metal
ions (i.e., Mn2+, Na+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+ and Al3+) on
botrallin and TMC-264 production in liquid culture of the endophytic
fungus Hyalodendriella sp. Ponipodef12 were investigated. Results:
Three most effective metal ions (Zn2+, Cu2+ and Mg2+) along with their
optimum concentrations were screened. The optimum addition time and
concentrations of Zn2+, Cu2+ and Mg2+ were further obtained
respectively for improving botrallin and TMC-264 production. The
combination effects of Zn2+, Cu2+ and Mg2+ on the production of
botrallin and TMC-264 by employing statistical method based on the
central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM)
were evaluated, and two quadratic predictive models were developed for
botrallin and TMC-264 production. The yields of botrallin and TMC-264,
which were predicted as 144.12 mg/L and 36.04 mg/L respectively, were
validated to be 146.51 mg/L and 36.63 mg/L accordingly with the optimum
concentrations of Zn2+ at 0.81 mmol/L, Cu2+ at 0.20 mmol/L, and Mg2+ at
0.13 mmol/L in medium. Conclusion: The results indicated that the
enhancement of botrallin and TMC-264 accumulation in liquid culture of
the endophytic fungus Hyalodendriella sp. Ponipodef12 by the metal ions
and their combination should be an effective strategy
Secondary Metabolites from Acremonium Fungi: Diverse Structures and Bioactivities
Background: Acremonium fungi have been isolated from various sources, such as soil, plants, and marine organisms.
Method: The species in Acremonium have been proved to be rich sources of novel and bioactive secondary metabolites. Up to now, 356 metabolites belonging to steroids (6 compounds), terpenoids (86), meroterpenoids (66), polyketides (89), alkaloids (28), peptides (75), and miscellaneous types (6) have been isolated from Acremonium fungi. These metabolites displayed a wide range of biological activities including antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antitumor, immunosuppressive, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antimalarial, phytotoxic, tremorgenic, antiviral, neuritogenic, insecticidal and enzymesinhibiting activities.
Conclusion: This review highlights the structures and bioactivities of the secondary metabolites from Acremonium fungi reported until July 2016
Structural Diversity and Biological Activities of Cyclic Depsipeptides from Fungi
Cyclic depsipeptides (CDPs) are cyclopeptides in which amide groups are replaced by corresponding lactone bonds due to the presence of a hydroxylated carboxylic acid in the peptide structure. These peptides sometimes display additional chemical modifications, including unusual amino acid residues in their structures. This review highlights the occurrence, structures and biological activities of the fungal CDPs reported until October 2017. About 352 fungal CDPs belonging to the groups of cyclic tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-, and tridecadepsipeptides have been isolated from fungi. These metabolites are mainly reported from the genera Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Beauveria, Fusarium, Isaria, Metarhizium, Penicillium, and Rosellina. They are known to exhibit various biological activities such as cytotoxic, phytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiviral, anthelmintic, insecticidal, antimalarial, antitumoral and enzyme-inhibitory activities. Some CDPs (i.e., PF1022A, enniatins and destruxins) have been applied as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals
Structural Diversity and Biological Activities of the Cyclodipeptides from Fungi
Cyclodipeptides, called 2,5-diketopiperazines (2,5-DKPs), are obtained by the condensation of two amino acids. Fungi have been considered to be a rich source of novel and bioactive cyclodipeptides. This review highlights the occurrence, structures and biological activities of the fungal cyclodipeptides with the literature covered up to July 2017. A total of 635 fungal cyclodipeptides belonging to the groups of tryptophan-proline, tryptophan-tryptophan, tryptophan–Xaa, proline–Xaa, non-tryptophan–non-proline, and thio-analogs have been discussed and reviewed. They were mainly isolated from the genera of Aspergillus and Penicillium. More and more cyclodipeptides have been isolated from marine-derived and plant endophytic fungi. Some of them were screened to have cytotoxic, phytotoxic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, vasodilator, radical scavenging, antioxidant, brine shrimp lethal, antiviral, nematicidal, antituberculosis, and enzyme-inhibitory activities to show their potential applications in agriculture, medicinal, and food industry
Identification of Nematicidal Constituents of Notopterygium incisum Rhizomes against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Meloidogyne incognita
Natural Dibenzo-α-Pyrones and Their Bioactivities
Natural dibenzo-α-pyrones are an important group of metabolites derived from fungi, mycobionts, plants and animal feces. They exhibit a variety of biological activities such as toxicity on human and animals, phytotoxicity as well as cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiallergic, antimicrobial, antinematodal, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. Dibenzo-α-pyrones are biosynthesized via the polyketide pathway in microorganisms or metabolized from plant-derived ellagitannins and ellagic acid by intestinal bacteria. At least 53 dibenzo-α-pyrones have been reported in the past few decades. This mini-review aims to briefly summarize the occurrence, biosynthesis, biotransformation, as well as their biological activities and functions. Some considerations related to synthesis, production and applications of dibenzo-α-pyrones are also discussed
Identification of Nematicidal Constituents of Notopterygium incisum Rhizomes against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Meloidogyne incognita
During a screening program for new agrochemicals from Chinese medicinal herbs, the ethanol extract of Notopterygium incisum rhizomes was found to possess strong nematicidal activity against the two species of nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Meloidogyne incognita. Based on bioactivity-guided fractionation, the four constituents were isolated from the ethanol extract and identified as columbianetin, falcarindiol, falcarinol, and isoimperatorin. Among the four isolated constituents, two acetylenic compounds, falcarindiol and falcarinol (2.20–12.60 μg/mL and 1.06–4.96 μg/mL, respectively) exhibited stronger nematicidal activity than two furanocoumarins, columbianetin, and isoimperatorin (21.83–103.44 μg/mL and 17.21–30.91 μg/mL, respectively) against the two species of nematodes, B. xylophilus and M. incognita. The four isolated constituents also displayed phototoxic activity against the nematodes. The results indicate that the ethanol extract of N. incisum and its four isolated constituents have potential for development into natural nematicides for control of plant-parasitic nematodes
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