Posisi Paralon Dan Berbagai Konsentrasi Pupuk Pelengkap Air (Ppc) Pada Pertanaman Kailan (Brassica Alboglabra) Dengan Sistem Budidaya Vertikultur

Kailan (Brassica alboglabra) are vegetables that beneficial to human health because it can help digestion, neutralize acidity and prevent disease. Kailan cultivation is closely related to fertilization and cultivation technical factors. One of fertilizers that can provide nutrients for plants kailan is a liquid fertilizer. Agricultural land is increasingly narrow lead farmers, especially those living in urban areas should make efficient use of land in order to achieve maximum production, one of the ways that can be done to address the problem of limited land is cultivated verticulture system. The research aims to determine the effect of paralon positions and provision of various concentrations of complementary liquid fertilizer and to know the paralon position combination with complementary liquid fertilizer concentration appropriate to plant growth kailan (Brassica alboglabra) with verticulture cultivation system. The experiment was conducted at the home screen experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau for 3 months, from August to October 2014. The experiment was conducted by using a split plot design (Split Plot Design). The main plot is a variety of positions paralon (P), which consists of three levels: P1:Position paralon top (height 120 cm), P2: paralon middle position (height 80 cm), P3: Position paralon under (height 40 cm). The subplots are complementary liquid fertilizer concentration (B) consists of 4 levels: B0: Without fertilizer(control), B1: Fertilizers liquid complementary 1 cc/l water, B2: Fertilizers liquid complementary 2cc/l, B3: Fertilizers complementary liquid 3cc /l. The results showed that the combination treatment paralon position as the main plots and complementary liquid fertilizer as subplots provide no real effect on all parameters. Single factor paralon top position (120 cm) as well as complementary liquid fertilizer at a dose of 3 cc / l water can increase plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, fresh weight, weight suitable for consumption and plant dry weight kailan

Equatorial rain forest lateritic mantles : a geomembrane filter

ABSTRACT The superimposed weathering layers in equatorial rain forest lateritic mantles from Gabon, AtXca, function as interactive compartments forming a dynamic semipermeable geomembrane filter. Selectivity of the filter is controlled by a progressive downward disappearance Of Connected macropore pathways created by bioturbation and dissolution. The natural balance of root activity, translocation, dissolution, deformation, and pore evolution leads to the development of porous and permeable, mature, open geochemical weathering systems at the expense of the lithosphere. These conclusions can be useful in modeling the fate of lateritic soils, which cover one-third of the emerged area of the world and which are economically important both as metal deposits and agricultural soils

The Epidemic Spread of Seiridium cardinale on Leyland Cypress Severely Limits Its Use in the Mediterranean

Leyland cypress (× Hesperotropsis leylandii) is a fast-growing conifer used in most temperate regions as an ornamental tree for hedges and screens, and is one of the most commercially important trees in Europe. In recent years, severe diebacks and mortality due to cypress canker have been observed on Leyland cypress plantations in Southern Europe. This study was conducted to evaluate (i) the spread and impact of cypress canker caused by Seiridium cardinale in plantations of a sample area of 1,250 km2 in central Italy, (ii) the response of the most commonly grown Leyland cypress varieties to artificial inoculation with to S. cardinal, and (iii) the pathogenicity of S. cardinale isolates obtained from Leyland cypress. Of the 1,411 surveyed trees, 11.4% had been killed by cypress canker and 43.9% of the living trees were affected by the disease. The number of diseased or dead trees and the percentage of cankered trunks was significantly correlated with the mean trunk diameter of the plantations. Six months after inoculation, the size of developed cankers was significantly different among the inoculated Leyland cypress cultivars but all of them showed markedly larger cankers than the C. sempervirens canker-resistant control clone. All of the tested S. cardinale isolates obtained from Leyland cypress also caused cankers on Cupressus sempervirens when inoculated as conidial suspensions or mycelia. Leyland cypress is highly prone to contract cypress canker in the Mediterranean due to its high susceptibility to S. cardinale infections, low genetic variability among the grown cultivars, and cracks which form on fast-growing trunks, favoring entry of the fungus into the inner bark and the occurrence of infections

Growing bone tissue-engineered niches with graded osteogenicity: an in vitro method for biomimetic construct assembly

The traditional bone tissue-engineering approach exploits mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) to be seeded once only on three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds, hence, differentiated for a certain period of time and resulting in a homogeneous osteoblast population at the endpoint. However, after achieving terminal osteodifferentiation, cell viability is usually markedly compromised. On the other hand, naturally occurring osteogenesis results from the coexistence of MSC progenies at distinct differentiative stages in the same microenvironment. This diversification also enables long-term viability of the mature tissue. We report an easy and tunable in vitro method to engineer simple osteogenic cell niches in a biomimetic fashion. The niches were grown via periodic reseeding of undifferentiated MSCs on MSC/scaffold constructs, the latter undergoing osteogenic commitment. Timefractioning of the seeded cell number during differentiation time of the constructs allowed graded osteogenic cell populations to be grown together on the same scaffolds (i.e., not only terminally differentiated osteoblasts). In such cell-dynamic systems, the overall differentiative stage of the constructs could also be tuned by varying the cell density seeded at each inoculation. In this way, we generated two different biomimetic niche models able to host good reservoirs of preosteoblasts and other osteoprogenitors after 21 culture days. At that time, the niche type resulting in 40.8% of immature osteogenic progenies and only 59.2% of mature osteoblasts showed a calcium content comparable to the constructs obtained with the traditional culture method (i.e., 100.03 – 29.30 vs. 78.51 – 28.50 pg/cell, respectively; p = not significant), the latter colonized only by fully differentiated osteoblasts showing exhausted viability. This assembly method for tissue-engineered constructs enabled a set of important parameters, such as viability, colonization, and osteogenic yield of the MSCs to be balanced on 3D scaffolds, thus achieving biomimetic in vitro models with graded osteogenicity, which are more complex and reliable than those currently used by tissue engineers

Pullulan for advanced sustainable body- And skin-contact applications

The present review had the aim of describing the methodologies of synthesis and properties of biobased pullulan, a microbial polysaccharide investigated in the last decade because of its interesting potentialities in several applications. After describing the implications of pullulan in nano-technology, biodegradation, compatibility with body and skin, and sustainability, the current applications of pullulan are described, with the aim of assessing the potentialities of this biopolymer in the biomedical, personal care, and cosmetic sector, especially in applications in contact with skin

Neuron Compatibility and Antioxidant Activity of Barium Titanate and Lithium Niobate Nanoparticles

The biocompatibility and the antioxidant activity of barium titanate (BaTiO3) and lithium niobate (LiNbO3) were investigated on a neuronal cell line, the PC12, to explore the possibility of using piezoelectric nanoparticles in the treatment of inner ear diseases, avoiding damage to neurons, the most delicate and sensitive human cells. The cytocompatibility of the compounds was verified by analysing cell viability, cell morphology, apoptotic markers, oxidative stress and neurite outgrowth. The results showed that BaTiO3 and LiNbO3 nanoparticles do not affect the viability, morphological features, cytochrome c distribution and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by PC12 cells, and stimulate neurite branching. These data suggest the biocompatibility of BaTiO3 and LiNbO3 nanoparticles, and that they could be suitable candidates to improve the efficiency of new implantable hearing devices without damaging the neuronal cells

Excess body weight in children may increase the length of hospital stay

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of excess body weight in the pediatric ward of University Hospital and to test both the association between initial nutritional diagnosis and the length of stay and the in-hospital variation in nutritional status. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study based on information entered in clinical records from University Hospital. The data were collected from a convenience sample of 91 cases among children aged one to 10 years admitted to the hospital in 2009. The data that characterize the sample are presented in a descriptive manner. Additionally, we performed a multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS: Nutritional classification at baseline showed that 87.8% of the children had a normal weight and that 8.9% had excess weight. The linear regression models showed that the average weight loss z-score of the children with excess weight compared with the group with normal weight was −0.48 (p = 0.018) and that their length of stay was 2.37 days longer on average compared with that of the normal-weight group (p = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: The length of stay and loss of weight at the hospital may be greater among children with excess weight than among children with normal weight