Rastreamento dos programas de saúde voltados para a criança elaborados pelas três esferas de governo

Public health politics are established as the State's response to attend the population needs. Those politics turned to children may promote their integral development as well as the societies. The aims of the study were to verify the health programs turned to children being elaborated in Federal, State and Municipal government levels; identify which are introduced in the Municipal District and the ones which act in the schools. This was a descriptive exploratory research in which information was collected through semi-structured interview applied to people responsible for the infantile area of the Health and Education Municipal Secretariat of Santa Maria between the months of June and August 2006. Thirty programs were found, thirteen being from Federal level; ten from State level and seven from Municipal level. Twenty-five programs are implemented in the Municipal District, eight of them acting in schools. It is concluded that still there aren't enough health public politics designated to children, particularly the ones that should act within the educational environmentAs políticas públicas de saúde constituem-se como resposta do Estado às necessidades da população. Aquelas voltadas para criança promovem tanto o seu desenvolvimento integral, como também o da sociedade. Os objetivos do estudo foram verificar os programas de saúde voltados para a criança elaborados a nível Federal, Estadual e Municipal; identificar quais estão implantados no Município e os que atuam nas escolas. A pesquisa foi descritiva exploratória, cujos dados foram coletados através de entrevista semi-estruturada aplicada aos responsáveis pela área infantil das Secretarias Municipal de Educação e de Saúde de Santa Maria entre os meses de junho a agosto de 2006. Foram encontrados 30 programas, sendo 13 a nível Federal, 10 a nível Estadual e sete a nível Municipal. No município estão implantados 25 programas, oito deles atuando nas escolas. Conclui-se que ainda existem poucas políticas públicas de saúde destinadas à criança, principalmente as que visam atuação no ambiente educacional

Avaliação da capacidade funcional em pacientes portadores de sequelas de AVC participantes do projeto de hidrocinesioterapia aplicada às patologias neurológicas do idoso

The functional impairments resulting from stroke prejudice the performance of the Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL's) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL's) predisposing the individual to functional inability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional ability level to the attainment of BADL's and IADL's in elder who participate of an academic extension project. The Functional Assessment of scales of Kats and Lawton, apud Netto (1996), implemented through a questionnaire to participants was applied in order to collect the data. The results showed that concerning to BADL's, all of the participants (n = 10) are able: to get up from bed, have a shower, perform hygiene cares and take care of their bowel without help. Otherwise, concerning to the IADL's, only 40% (n = 4) of the participants can prepare, plan and serve their meals without help. It follows that most patients are able to perform the BADL's without help. The main limitations are in IADl's.Os comprometimentos funcionais decorrentes do AVC prejudicam o desempenho das Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária (ABVD's) e das Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária (AIVD), predispondo o indivíduo à incapacitância funcional. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o nível de capacidade funcional na realização das ABVD's e AIVD's nos idosos portadores de seqüelas de AVC que participam de um projeto acadêmico de extensão. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizada a Avaliação Funcional das escalas de Kats e Lawton, apud Netto (1996), aplicada através de um questionário aos participantes. Em relação às ABVD's, todos os participantes (n=10) levantam-se da cama, tomam banho, realizam os cuidados de higiene e controlam seu intestino sem ajuda. Em relação às AIVD's, 40% (n=4) dos participantes conseguem preparar, planejar e servir suas refeições sem auxílio. Conclui-se que a maioria dos pacientes é independente para a realização de ABVD's e as maiores limitações encontram-se nas AIVD's

PREVALÊNCIA DE ASMA EM ESCOLARES DA REDE PÚBLICA DE ENSINO NO MUNICÍPIO DE URUGUAIANA/RS

Este estudo objetiva estimar a prevalência de sintomas de asma e de provável asma em escolares de Uruguaiana, estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e relacioná-los com possíveis fatores de risco. Para isso, participaram do estudo 391 crianças e adolescentes nas faixas etárias de 6-7 e 13-14 anos, tanto do gênero feminino quanto masculino, cujos responsáveis preencheram corretamente o questionário ISAAC fase I aplicado durante o período de janeiro a novembro de 2015. A prevalência de asma relacionada aos sintomas e fatores de risco na população escolar de Uruguaiana foi de 15%, correspondendo 19% na faixa etária de 6-7 anos e 12% na faixa etária de 13-14 anos.  Não houve relação estabelecida entre prevalência de sintomas asmáticos e fatores ambientais. Conclui-se que a prevalência de sintomas asmáticos e de provável asma é similar as outras cidades do RS. Descritores: Asma; Escolares; Questionário ISAAC.

Ameliorative effects of egg white hydrolysate on recognition memory impairments associated with chronic exposure to low mercury concentration

et al.The study aimed to investigate whether the Egg White Hydrolysate (EWH) is able to prevent the recognition memory disorders associated with long-term Hg exposure in rats. For this, male Wistar rats were treated for 60 days with: a) Untreated: saline solution (i.m.); b) Hydrolysate: EWH (1 g/kg/day, gavage); c) Mercury: HgCl (1st dose 4.6 μg/kg, subsequent doses 0.07 μg/kg/day, i.m.); d) Hydrolysate-Mercury. Object recognition memory test was performed to verify Short (STM) and Long-Term Memory (LTM) and Open Field, Plus Maze and Tail Flick tests were performed as control for behavioural experiments. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the hippocampus were determined by the dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) method, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by TBARS, antioxidant power by FRAP assay and total Hg concentration by atomic fluorescence spectrometry. We confirm that the STM and LTM were impaired in adult rats exposed to Hg at low concentrations, which may be related to the increased metal deposition, ROS production and subsequent oxidative damage in the hippocampus. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time that EWH treatment is able to prevent memory impairment induced by Hg exposure, reducing Hg content and ROS production in the hippocampus. In conclusion, EWH prevents memory impairments induced by chronic exposure to low doses of Hg. These findings may represent a good public health strategy since they indicate that EWH is a promising candidate as a new natural therapy for heavy metal intoxication.This research was supported by the Brazilian Government (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq – 203440/2014-5) and the Spanish Government (MINECO – AGL2012-32387; CSIC – Intramural 201570I028).Peer Reviewe

FISIOTERAPIA NA AMIOTROFIA ESPINHAL PROGRESSIVA PÓS IMPLANTE DE CÉLULAS-TRONCO FETAIS BULBO OLFATIVAS – RELATO DE CASO

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/223658349088A terapia por células-tronco vem se colocando como uma alternativa para amenizar a evolução de doenças genéticas como a Amiotrofia Espinhal Progressiva, e, mesmo que seu uso seja proibido em muitos países, um centro de neurociências chinês já a utiliza para tratar essas desordens. Verificar o efeito da fisioterapia nas desordens motoras e respiratórias decorrentes da AEP em um sujeito que se submeteu ao implante celular foi a finalidade desse estudo. A coleta dos dados obedeceu a protocolos de avaliação de desempenho motor funcional e respiratório, através de registros em formulários de evolução específicos. As sessões ocorreram entre os meses de julho e dezembro de 2008. Como resultado, observou-se que a combinação dos tratamentos – implante celular e fisioterapia – ofereceu a possibilidade de melhora no quadro físico-motor do sujeito, para uma doença cuja resposta ao tratamento costuma ser de manutenção do estado motor funcional e respiratório como prevenção ao seu agravamento

Child health public policies in Santa Maria-RS

Objective: To identify health public policies (HPP), directed to children, found in MunicipalCenters for Early Childhood Education (MCECE) from Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul,and in Basic Health Units (BHU) nearby. Methods: A descriptive and exploratory study with a sample consisting of seven directors of MCECE and five coordinators of BHU. Data collection occurred between July and August 2007, using a semi-structured questionnaire with closed questions. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics of the questionnaire data. Results: We identified nine HPP directed to children applied in MCECE. As the main benefit of their deployment, the directors considered the further integration between schools and health units, thus promoting child health. All MCECE counted on the assistance of volunteers, and suggested, in order to improve the quality of life of children, the implementation of projects involving health graduation programs. At BHU, we identified thirteen HPP for children. The main benefit reported by the coordinators was to control the incidence of diseases, reducing infant mortality. Only one BHU had a volunteer aid, Who suggested, as a health action for children, the creation of policies aimed at child psychology. Conclusions: The health public policies directed to children applied at BHU are not fully present in MCECE, showing that is still incipient the inclusion of children’s educational environment in public policies for health promotio

Políticas públicas de saúde para a criança em Santa Maria-RS - doi:10.5020/18061230.2009.p225

Objective: To identify health public policies (HPP), directed to children, found in Municipal Centers for Early Childhood Education (MCECE) from Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, and in Basic Health Units (BHU) nearby. Methods: A descriptive and exploratory study with a sample consisting of seven directors of MCECE and five coordinators of BHU. Data collection occurred between July and August 2007, using a semi-structured questionnaire with closed questions. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics of the questionnaire data. Results: We identified nine HPP directed to children applied in MCECE. As the main benefit of their deployment, the directors considered the further integration between schools and health units, thus promoting child health. All MCECE counted on the assistance of volunteers, and suggested, in order to improve the quality of life of children, the implementation of projects involving health graduation programs. At BHU, we identified thirteen HPP for children. The main benefit reported by the coordinators was to control the incidence of diseases, reducing infant mortality. Only one BHU had a volunteer aid, who suggested, as a health action for children, the creation of policies aimed at child psychology. Conclusions: The health public policies directed to children applied at BHU are not fully present in MCECE, showing that is still incipient the inclusion of children’s educational environment in public policies for health promotion.Objetivo: Identificar as políticas públicas de saúde (PPS), voltadas para a criança, encontradas nos Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil (CMEI) de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, e nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) próximas. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva exploratória, com amostra consistindo de sete diretores dos CMEI e cinco coordenadores das UBS. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre julho e agosto de 2007, utilizando-se um questionário semiestruturado, com perguntas fechadas. O tratamento estatístico foi efetuado através de estatística descritiva dos dados do questionário. Resultados: Identificaram-se nove PPS voltadas para a criança aplicadas nos CMEI. Como principal benefício da sua implantação, os diretores consideravam a maior integração entre unidades de ensino e de saúde, assim promovendo a saúde infantil. Todos os CMEI contavam com a assistência de voluntários, e sugeriram, a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida das crianças, a implementação de projetos envolvendo cursos da saúde. Nas UBS, foram identificadas treze PPS destinadas às crianças. O principal benefício relatado pelos coordenadores foi promover o controle da incidência de doenças, diminuindo a mortalidade infantil. Apenas uma UBS apresentava auxílio de voluntário, o qual sugeriu como ação de saúde em prol das crianças, a criação de políticas visando à psicologia infantil. Conclusões: As políticas públicas de saúde voltadas ao público infantil implantadas nas UBS não estão totalmente presentes nos CMEI, mostrando que ainda é insipiente a inclusão do ambiente educacional infantil nas políticas públicas de promoção da saúde

The cessation of the long-term exposure to low doses of mercury ameliorates the increase in systolic blood pressure and vascular damage in rats

This study aimed to verify whether a prolonged exposure to low-level mercury promotes haemodynamic disorders and studied the reversibility of this vascular damage. Rats were divided into seven groups: three control groups received saline solution (im) for 30, 60 or 90 days; two groups received HgCl (im, first dose, 4.6 μg/kg, subsequent doses 0.07 μg/kg/day) for 30 or 60 days; two groups received HgCl for 30 or 60 days (im, same doses) followed by a 30-day washout period. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured, along with analysis of vascular response to acetylcholine (ACh) and phenylephrine (Phe) in the absence and presence of endothelium, a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, superoxide dismutase, a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor and an AT1 receptor blocker. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and antioxidant power were measured in plasma. HgCl exposure for 30 and 60 days: a) reduced the endothelium-dependent relaxation; b) increased the Phe-induced contraction and the contribution of ROS, COX-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoids and angiotensin II acting on AT1 receptors to this response while the NO participation was reduced; c) increased the oxidative stress in plasma; d) increased the SBP only after 60 days of exposure. After the cessation of HgCl exposure, SBP, endothelium-dependent relaxation, Phe-induced contraction and the oxidative stress were normalised, despite the persistence of the increased COX-derived prostanoids. These results demonstrated that long-term HgCl exposure increases SBP as a consequence of vascular dysfunction; however, after HgCl removal from the environment the vascular function ameliorates.This work was supported by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brazil – CNPq [203440/2014-5 and 445824/2014-0]; Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Espírito Santo; Fundo Estadual de Ciência e Tecnologia [39767531/07]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain [SAF 2012–36400 and PHBP14-00001]; Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa - Universidade Federal do Pampa [N° 10.031.12]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III - ISCIII [RIC RD12/0042/0024].Peer Reviewe

Egg white-derived peptides prevent male reproductive dysfunction induced by mercury in rats

Oxidative stress in known to contribute to the male reproductive dysfunction induced by mercury (Hg). Our study tested the hypothesis that the egg white hydrolysate (EWH), a potent antioxidant in vitro, is able to prevent the effects of prolonged Hg exposure on male reproductive system in rats. For this, rats were treated for 60 days with: a) Untreated - saline solution (i.m.); b) Hydrolysate - EWH (1 g/kg/day, gavage); c) Mercury - HgCl (1st dose 4.6 μg/kg, subsequent doses 0.07 μg/kg/day, i.m.); d) Hydrolysate-Mercury. At the end of the treatment, sperm motility, count and morphological studies were performed; Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant capacity, histological and immunohistochemical assays on testis and epididymis were also carried out. As results, HgCl-treatment decreased sperm number, increased sperm transit time in epididymis and impaired sperm morphology. However, these harmful effects were prevented by EWH. HgCl-treatment also increased ROS levels, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity in testis and epididymis as well as promoted testicular inflammation and histological changes in epididymis. EWH improved histological and immunohistochemical alterations, probably due to its antioxidant property. In conclusion, the EWH could represent a powerful natural alternative to protect the male reproductive system against Hg-induced sperm toxicity.This research was supported by a Brazilian Government (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq – 203440/2014-5) and a Spanish Goverment (MINECO - AGL2012-32387; CSIC – Intramural 201570I028).Peer Reviewe