640 research outputs found
Predictive Maintenance Model Based on Anomaly Detection in Induction Motors: A Machine Learning Approach Using Real-Time IoT Data
With the support of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, it is possible to
acquire data from degradation phenomena and design data-driven models to
perform anomaly detection in industrial equipment. This approach not only
identifies potential anomalies but can also serve as a first step toward
building predictive maintenance policies. In this work, we demonstrate a novel
anomaly detection system on induction motors used in pumps, compressors, fans,
and other industrial machines. This work evaluates a combination of
pre-processing techniques and machine learning (ML) models with a low
computational cost. We use a combination of pre-processing techniques such as
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Wavelet Transform (WT), and binning, which are
well-known approaches for extracting features from raw data. We also aim to
guarantee an optimal balance between multiple conflicting parameters, such as
anomaly detection rate, false positive rate, and inference speed of the
solution. To this end, multiobjective optimization and analysis are performed
on the evaluated models. Pareto-optimal solutions are presented to select which
models have the best results regarding classification metrics and computational
effort. Differently from most works in this field that use publicly available
datasets to validate their models, we propose an end-to-end solution combining
low-cost and readily available IoT sensors. The approach is validated by
acquiring a custom dataset from induction motors. Also, we fuse vibration,
temperature, and noise data from these sensors as the input to the proposed ML
model. Therefore, we aim to propose a methodology general enough to be applied
in different industrial contexts in the future
Anomaly Detection in Industrial Machinery using IoT Devices and Machine Learning: a Systematic Mapping
Anomaly detection is critical in the smart industry for preventing equipment
failure, reducing downtime, and improving safety. Internet of Things (IoT) has
enabled the collection of large volumes of data from industrial machinery,
providing a rich source of information for Anomaly Detection. However, the
volume and complexity of data generated by the Internet of Things ecosystems
make it difficult for humans to detect anomalies manually. Machine learning
(ML) algorithms can automate anomaly detection in industrial machinery by
analyzing generated data. Besides, each technique has specific strengths and
weaknesses based on the data nature and its corresponding systems. However, the
current systematic mapping studies on Anomaly Detection primarily focus on
addressing network and cybersecurity-related problems, with limited attention
given to the industrial sector. Additionally, these studies do not cover the
challenges involved in using ML for Anomaly Detection in industrial machinery
within the context of the IoT ecosystems. This paper presents a systematic
mapping study on Anomaly Detection for industrial machinery using IoT devices
and ML algorithms to address this gap. The study comprehensively evaluates 84
relevant studies spanning from 2016 to 2023, providing an extensive review of
Anomaly Detection research. Our findings identify the most commonly used
algorithms, preprocessing techniques, and sensor types. Additionally, this
review identifies application areas and points to future challenges and
research opportunities
Antimicrobial and Photoantimicrobial Activities of Chitosan/CNPPV Nanocomposites
Multidrug-resistant bacteria represent a global health and economic burden that urgently calls for new technologies to combat bacterial antimicrobial resistance. Here, we developed novel nanocomposites (NCPs) based on chitosan that display different degrees of acetylation (DAs), and conjugated polymer cyano-substituted poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (CNPPV) as an alternative approach to inactivate Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria. Chitosan's structure was confirmed through FT-Raman spectroscopy. Bactericidal and photobactericidal activities of NCPs were tested under dark and blue-light irradiation conditions, respectively. Hydrodynamic size and aqueous stability were determined by DLS, zeta potential (ZP) and time-domain NMR. TEM micrographs of NCPs were obtained, and their capacity of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) under blue illumination was also characterized. Meaningful variations on ZP and relaxation time T2 confirmed successful physical attachment of chitosan/CNPPV. All NCPs exhibited a similar and shrunken spherical shape according to TEM. A lower DA is responsible for driving higher bactericidal performance alongside the synergistic effect from CNPPV, lower nanosized distribution profile and higher positive charged surface. ROS production was proportionally found in NCPs with and without CNPPV by decreasing the DA, leading to a remarkable photobactericidal effect under blue-light irradiation. Overall, our findings indicate that chitosan/CNPPV NCPs may constitute a valuable asset for the development of innovative strategies for inactivation and/or photoinactivation of bacteria. Keywords: photoantimicrobial activity; blue-light irradiation; chitosan; CNPPV; nanocomposites; E. coli; S. aureu
Triagem Inteligente: O Uso da Internet das Coisas na Classificação dos Riscos nas Emergências
Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a automação do processo de triagem de pacientes utilizando o atuador Arduino. O processo de triagem determina o nível de risco do paciente e sua execução pode tornar-se desnecessariamente complexa, sendo que, aproximadamente, 80% dos pacientes em serviços de emergência não necessitam de atendimento urgente. Portanto, a automatização deste processo pode provar-se bastante benéfica: os dados do paciente são analisados em tempo real, provendo um resultado seguro e em alta velocidade, garantindo prioridade a pacientes em risco e reduzindo o tempo de admissão dele
Triagem Inteligente: O Uso da Internet das Coisas na Classificação dos Riscos nas Emergências
Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a automação do processo de triagem de pacientes utilizando o atuador Arduino. O processo de triagem determina o nível de risco do paciente e sua execução pode tornar-se desnecessariamente complexa, sendo que, aproximadamente, 80% dos pacientes em serviços de emergência não necessitam de atendimento urgente. Portanto, a automatização deste processo pode provar-se bastante benéfica: os dados do paciente são analisados em tempo real, provendo um resultado seguro e em alta velocidade, garantindo prioridade a pacientes em risco e reduzindo o tempo de admissão dele
Microstructural evaluation by confocal and electron microscopy in thrombi developed in central venous catheters
Inhalation anesthesia equipment for rats with provision of simultaneous anesthetic and oxygen
A instituição formal e a não-formal na construção do currículo de uma escola de tempo integral
Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger
Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers.
These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of
the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray
energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30
to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of
the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is
determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated
using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due
to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components.
The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of
the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the
AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air
shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy
-- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy
estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the
surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator
scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent
emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for
the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at
least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy
We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio
emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate
energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of
15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV
arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling
quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from
state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our
measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric
energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with
our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector
against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI.
Supplemental material in the ancillary file
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