Revisão taxonômica e análise filogenética das espécies do gênero neotropical Balacha Melichar (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae)

Redescription of the genus Balacha Melichar and also redescriptions and illustrations of its six recognized species are provided: B. decorata Cavichioli & Sakakibara, B. distincta (Signoret), B. lepida Cavichioli & Sakakibara, B. melanocephala (Signoret) (type-species), B. rubripennis Cavichioli & Sakakibara, and B. similis Cavichioli & Sakakibara. In the redescriptions are included new morphological characters, specially those of the fmale genitalia. The interai abdominal stemite VII was observed fr the frst time in B. distincta, B. rubripennis and Pawiloma ancora Young. A neotype fr B. melanocephala is elected, considering the type specimen is probably lost. The geographical distribution of the species of the genus is reviewed, including new records of B. decorata (Brazil: Minas Gerais State), B. distincta (Brazil: São Paulo State), B. melanocephala (Uruguay and Argentina) and B. simils (Brazil: Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro states). Previous records fom Colombia of B. distincta and B. melanocephala are taken as erroneous. A key to species based on male and fmale specimens of Balacha is also provided. A cladistic analysis of the known species of Balacha and eleven related outgroup taxa, based on 64 morphological characters, corroborates the hypothesis of monophyly of the genus and its sister group relationship to Pegogonia Young.CAPESRedescrição do gênero Balacha Melichar e redescrições e ilustrações das espécies reconhecidas como pertencentes ao mesmo: B. decorata Cavichioli & Sakakibara, B. distincta (Signoret), B. lepida Cavichioli & Sakakibara, B. melanocephala (Signoret) (espécie-tipo), B. rubripennis Cavichioli & Sakakibara e B. similis Cavichioli & Sakakibara. Nas redescrições são adicionados novos caracteres morfológicos, principalmente da genitália feminina. O esternito abdominal interno VIII fi observado pela primeira vez em B. distincta, B. rubripennis e Pawiloma ancora Young. Um neótipo para B. melanocephala é designado, considerando que o espécime tipo está provavelmente perdido. A distribuição geográfica das espécies do gênero é revista, sendo fornecidos novos registros de B. decorala (Brasil: Minas Gerais), B. dislincta (Brasil: São Paulo), B. melnocephala (Uruguai e Argentina) e B. similis (Brasil: Minas Gerais e Rio de Janeiro), além de considerados como errôneos os registros na Colômbia de B. distincta e B. melanocephala. Uma chave taxonômica para as espécies de Balacha baseada em espécimes machos e fêmeas é fornecida. Uma análise cladística incluindo as espécies de Balacha e onze táxons externos considerados como relacionados a esse gênero, baseadas em 64 caracteres morfológicos, corrobora a hipótese de monofletismo de Balacha e seu relacionamento como grupo-irmão de Pegogonia Young

A new species of Pinndorama Domahovski (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Hyalojassini) from the Amazon Rain Forest, Brazil

Pinndorama dilatata sp. nov. is described based on specimens from Amazonas State, Brazil. The genus is firstly recorded from the Brazilian states of Amazonas, Goiás, Maranhão, and São Paulo and a distribution map is provided, including new records to P. dianae, P. guartela, P. melanocephala, P. ronurensis, and P. pitanga. The key to males is updated to include the new species and minor improvements

A new species of Pinndorama Domahovski (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Hyalojassini) from the Amazon Rain Forest, Brazil

Abstract Pinndorama dilatata sp. nov. is described based on specimens from Amazonas State, Brazil. The genus is firstly recorded from the Brazilian states of Amazonas, Goiás, Maranhão, and São Paulo and a distribution map is provided, including new records to P. dianae, P. guartela, P. melanocephala, P. ronurensis, and P. pitanga. The key to males is updated to include the new species and minor improvements

Integrative taxonomy supports two new species of Chimarra Stephens, 1829 from Brazil (Trichoptera: Philopotamidae)

Chimarra Stephens, 1829 is the largest genus of the Philopotamidae with about 930 species and cosmopolitan distribution. Recent taxonomic revisions have subdivided the genus into four subgenera: Chimarra, Curgia Walker, 1860, Chimarrita Blahnik, 1997, and Otarrha Blahnik, 2002, the last three restricted to the New World. In this paper, we describe and illustrate two new species of Chimarra from Brazil, C. (Otarrha) paraodonta sp. nov. from Rio de Janeiro State and C. (Chimarrita) truncata sp. nov. from Amazonas and Pará states. Partial sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI, DNA barcodes) were generated and integrated with morphological evidence to delimit the new species and evaluate their phylogenetic relationships within the genus. A maximum likelihood analysis of 48 COI sequences representing 19 species of Chimarra corroborated their subgeneric assignment based on morphology and highlighted their putative sister species. Both new species showed high K2P divergences when compared to their sister species: Chimarra (O.) paraodonta sp. nov. and C. (O.) odonta (17.4–21.3%) and Chimarra (C.) truncata sp. nov. and C. (C.) simpliciforma (20.0–21.3%). These distances are comparable to the range of interspecific distances calculated for the whole genus (13.6–22.7%), adding support to their description as new species. This analysis was especially important because of the high morphological similarity of C. paraodonta sp. nov. and C. odonta. Finally, analysis of the sequences of Chimarra odonta suggests that the nominal species may represent a complex of cryptic species with high intraspecific divergences (up to 18.1%), with at least two of those lineages co-occurring with C. paraodonta sp. nov. at Parque Nacional do Itatiaia

Systematic Studies on the Leafhopper Subfamily Cicadellinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

176 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007.Cicadellinae includes approximately 340 genera and over 2,000 species distributed worldwide, with member commonly referred to as sharpshooters. Sharpshooters are specialists on xylem sap, one of the nutritionally poorest diets, along with related cicadas and spittlebugs. Statistical analyses using phylogenetic contrasts of hemipteran body sizes did not show a significant increase in xylem feeding lineages, but results should be viewed cautiously. Sharpshooters host two mutualistic bacterial endosymbionts to complement their poor diet. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on the 16SrDNA from Baumannia and Sulcia and on COI, COII, 16SrDNA, and H3 for 29 leafhopper hosts. A congruent evolutionary history of both Baumannia and Sulcia with their sharpshooter hosts is supported based on all (Baumannia) or most (Sulcia ) statistical tests conducted here, suggesting a long-term association of these bacteria with their hosts. Additionally in this thesis, studies on the taxonomy of economically important genus Homalodisca are presented. Finally, incongruence in the higher-level classification of Cicadellinae is mainly due to the lack of robust phylogenetic hypotheses, like the one presented in this thesis. A morphological study based on 183 characters coded for 170 taxa and a molecular study based on partial regions of COI, COII, 16S rDNA, and H3 gene sequences from 91 taxa. Results support changes in the higher-level classification of Cicadellinae including: the erection of the tribe Oncometopiini based on previous members of the Proconiini; the treatment of Phereurhinini within the subfamily Cicadellinae; and placements of 9 genera in different tribes. Furthermore, based on a combined analysis, the origin of the egg-powdering behavior and related sexually-dimorphic morphological characteristics were studied. Results suggest a single origin of the egg-powdering behavior, possibly in the ancestor of Phereurhinini and Oncometopiini. Modifications of the female hindlegs for scraping the brochosomes off onto the egg nests were also acquired once in the ancestor of the Oncometopiini, while modifications on the female forewing setation for better anchoring of brochosome pellets, seem to have been acquired multiple times. Multiple losses of the behavior and its related associated traits occurred in various oncometopiine lineages.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

A new species of Phaenostoma d'Orchymont, 1937 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from Brazil

Clarkson, Bruno, Takiya, Daniela Maeda (2017): A new species of Phaenostoma d'Orchymont, 1937 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 4236 (2): 375-380, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4236.2.1

Clinonana impensa

<i>Clinonana impensa</i> <p>(Figs. 1 B, 3)</p> <p>Measurements in mm (Ψ, n= 3). Total length: 18.0–19.2 (average=18.4). Crown median length: 1.5–1.6 (average=1.6). Pronotum median length: 3.0 (average=3.0). Pronotum largest width: 8.8–9.6 (average=9.1). Mesonotum largest width: 4.5–5.0 (average=4.7). Mesonotum median length: 4.5–4.8 (average=4.6).</p> <p>External morphology. Crown (Figs. 1 B, 3A) median length on average half of interocular and three-tenths transocular width. Pronotum (Figs. 1 B, 3A) largest width on average 2.6 times median length; largest width on average 1.9 times largest mesonotum visible width. Mesonotum (Figs. 1 B, 3A) length equal to combined mesal length of crown and pronotum. Forewings may have supernumerary transverse veins. Other characteristics as in generic description.</p> <p>Male unknown.</p> <p>Female genitalia. Valvulae II (Figs. 3 I, J) of ovipositor dorsal margin without teeth.</p> <p> Notes. Because no males of <i>C. impensa</i> are known, it can only be distinguished from other <i>Clinonana</i> species by its pronotum width, which is 1.9 times to twice as broad as the greatest visible width of the mesonotum. No diagnostic differences in the female genitalia of <i>C. impensa</i> and <i>C. mirabilis</i> were observed.</p> <p> Material examined. <b>Bolivia: La Paz: 1</b> Ψ, Provincia Nor Yungas, Vagante, 16°10' S 67°41' W, 11 XII 2008 (S. M. Clark), (BYU); <b>Santa Cruz: 2</b> Ψ, Buena Vista vic., Flora & Fauna Hotel, 17°27' S 63°40' W, 26 X 2000 (R. Morris), (INHS).</p>Published as part of <i>Engel, Giulia & Takiya, Daniela Maeda, 2012, Synopsis of Clinonana Osborn (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae): new distributional records and description of a new species, pp. 19-30 in Zootaxa 3329</i> on pages 22-23, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/281223">10.5281/zenodo.281223</a&gt