«Los Cinco Sentidos» en el Museo del Prado

El artículo propone un extenso comentario y análisis crítico de la exposición «Los Cinco Sentidos y el Arte», que tuvo lugar en el Museo del Prado del 27 de febrero al 4 de mayo de 1997, proveniente de la celebrada en Cremona en 1996 con el título «Immagini del sentire», y que reunió un considerable número de piezas -no sólo cuadros y grabados, sino también objetos de uso cotidiano, ilustraciones de libros e instrumentos científicos y musicales- con la voluntad de rastrear la presencia del motivo de los sentidos en el arte, principalmente el de los siglos XVI y XVII. Tras elogiar tanto la originalidad y el atractivo del tema de la exposición, como la calidad de las obras que ésta reunió, el artículo constata los problemas de planteamiento presentes en los comentarios de buena parte de las obras, así como algunas incoherencias en la selección ofrecida por la exposición española y, finalmente, la significativa pobreza de un catálogo demasiado limitado, tanto por lo que se refiere al repertorio de ilustraciones como por lo que atañe a los ensayos que presenta.The article provides an extensive commentary and critical analysis of the exhibition Los Cinco Sentidos y el Arte («The Five Senses and the Arts»), that took place at the Museo del Prado in 1997, coming from the one held in Cremona in 1996 which ran under the title Immagini del sentire. The Madrid exhibition brought together a considerable number of exhibits, not only paintings and engravings, but also objects of daily use, book illustrations and scientific and musical instruments, in an attempt to trace the subject of the senses in the Arts with a main emphasis on the XVIth and XVIIth centuries. After praising both the exhibition's originality and its thematic attraction as well as the high quality of the exhibits, the article does point out the problems of approach which seem tu surface the commentaries of a big part of the works as well as a certain incoherence in the selection which the Spanish exhibition offered and, finally, the significant shortcomings of an all too limited catalogue, both illustration wise as well as with regard to the essays it contains

Performed and Perceived Masculinity in Father-Son Relationships from the Perspective of Sons: A Thematic Narrative Analysis

The current study qualitatively explored father-son relationships and the perceptions and performances of masculinity within that relationship from the perspective of sons. Through the utilization of symbolic interactionism and narrative as theoretical and conceptual frameworks narratives were collected as a means to make sense of participants\u27 experiences and interactions with their fathers throughout their lives. Through a multi-phase analysis and utilizing Riessman\u27s (2008) thematic narrative analysis as an ideological and practical basis, RQ1, which asked what themes underlie sons\u27 narratives surrounding the performance and perceptions of masculinity within their father-son relationships, yielded the following three themes: (1) traditional masculinity; (2) responsibility; and (3) non-traditional masculinity. From RQ2 which asked what themes underlie sons\u27 narratives surrounding the construction of sons\u27 identities, roles and relationships within father-son relationships, the following three themes emerged: (1) perceptions of father(ing); (2) sons\u27 perceptions of self; and (3) turning point perspectives. RQ3 which asked what themes underlie sons\u27 narratives surrounding father-son contextual differences/similarities offer insight into both the performance and perception of masculinity and father-son relationships, resulted in four main themes: (1) history/family; (2) romantic/interpersonal relationships; (3) culture; and (4) sex and gender. Lastly, RQ4 which asked which themes stemming from sons\u27 dialogue and performances within the context of interviews offer insight into their narratives surrounding father-son relationships and masculinity gained further comprehension in to specific thematic dialogic and performative instances within participant responses. From these results this study added insight and understanding conceptually, ideologically, theoretically, and methodologically into the areas of family communication, gender communication and masculinity studies. Finally, the current study contributes further pragmatic understanding for individuals inside and outside father-son relationships when negotiating identities, roles and relationships regarding masculinity

From Waste to Power: Biosludge Atomization for Efficient Energy Conversion

Graduate Applie

From Waste to Power: Efficient Conversion of Human Waste to Usable Energy

Graduate Applie

Towards a foundation for holistic power system validation and testing

Renewable energy sources and further electrificationof energy consumption are key enablers for decreasing green-house gas emissions, but also introduce increased complexitywithin the electric power system. The increased availability ofautomation, information and communication technology, andintelligent solutions for system operation have transformed thepower system into a smart grid. In order to support thedevelopment process of smart grid solutions on the system level,testing has to be done in a holistic manner, covering the multi-domain aspect of such complex systems. This paper introducesthe concept of holistic power system testing and discuss first stepstowards a corresponding methodology that is being developed inthe European ERIGrid research infrastructure project.Comment: 2016 IEEE 21st International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA

Submarine slope failure offshore Uruguay - first results

New geophysical acquired during cruise M78 with RV “Meteor” in 2009 reveal a large-scale slope failure complex. Positioned between 1800 and 3300 m water depth, the slope failure affected an area of at least 1200 km2. The failure is hosted in contouritic deposits. The morphology of the up 70 m high headwalls is underlain by a deeper reflector which we interpret as detachment. Listric faults positioned upslope these headwalls root in this detachment and are precursor of future failure at this location. The detachment correlates with a regional BSR mapped by Uruguayan colleagues. Cores recovered from 3 transects across the failure complex confirm that the acoustic transparent units are debrites. Sedimentological evidence in accordance with hydro-acoustic data indicate that debrites deposited downslope this failure complex are recent features on the slope

New hydroacoustic and core data reveal sediment transport patterns off Uruguay

Submarine landslides cause slope instabilities and might damage sea-floor infrastructure or even generate tsunami waves. Therefore it is of major importance to understand all processes related to gravity-driven mass wasting and slope stability at continental margins. New swath bathymetry and parametric echo-sounding data from the Uruguay shelf and slope north-east of the Rio de la Plata were collected during METEOR Cruise M78/3. These data are investigated in order to understand mass wasting and sedimentary transport processes at the margin off Uruguay. Large amounts of silty suspension freight are delivered from the Rio de la Plata estuary. These sediments are potentially unstable, leading to numerous mass transport units in the working area. Prominent features identified in the study include slide deposits, channels and several prominent escarpment structures. The situation is complicated by intensive slope parallel sediment transport due to strong contour currents. Our data indicate interaction between gravity-driven downslope transport and alongslope sediment transport. Contourite deposits in the headwall areas of mass wasting events suggest widespread weak layers at those deposits. The up to 70m-high headwalls, are focusing contour currents resulting in small alongslope channels. Future work will concentrate on the reconstruction of the geological/sedimentological history of the study area in order assess slope stability and sediment transport in greater detail

Desire Versus Efficacy in Smokers’ Paradoxical Reactions to Pictorial Health Warnings for Cigarettes

Pictorial health warnings on cigarette packs create aversive emotional reactions to smoking and induce thoughts about quitting; however, contrary to models of health behavior change, they do not appear to alter intentions to quit smoking. We propose and test a novel model of intention to quit an addictive habit such as smoking (the efficacy-desire model) that can explain this paradoxical effect. At the core of the model is the prediction that self-efficacy and desire to quit an addictive habit are inversely related. We tested the model in an online experiment that randomly exposed smokers (N = 3297) to a cigarette pack with one of three increasing levels of warning intensity. The results supported the model’s prediction that despite the effects of warnings on aversion to smoking, intention to quit smoking is an inverted U-shape function of the smoker’s self-efficacy for quitting. In addition, smokers with greater (lesser) quit efficacy relative to smoking efficacy increase (decrease) intentions to quit. The findings show that previous failures to observe effects of pictorial warning labels on quit intentions can be explained by the contradictory individual differences that warnings produce. Thus, the model explains the paradoxical finding that quit intentions do not change at the population level, even though smokers recognize the implications of warnings. The model suggests that pictorial warnings are effective for smokers with stronger quit-efficacy beliefs and provides guidance for how cigarette warnings and tobacco control strategies can be designed to help smokers quit

Enhancement by reduction - Pushing the N-glycosylation capacity of CHO cells by cleaning up the Golgi

CHO cells have gained their position as the most commonly used production system for complex biological therapeutics for a variety of reasons, including their ability to produce human like N-glycosylation patterns: correct N-glycan structures ensure that a product performs adequately in terms of efficacy and without the risk of eliciting immunogenic reactions. Nevertheless, N-glycosylation in CHO cells has posed several challenges. Many cell-engineering approaches have tackled the problem of low levels of sialylation and the lack of α-2,6-linked sialic acid by introducing additional sialyltransferases as well as boosting the sialic acid pathway and the transport of CMP-NA precursors into the Golgi. Various reports show that the process of N-glycan maturation can run into limitations when the production load is high, a problem of increasing relevance as the boundaries of productivity of CHO cells are being pushed further and further. In this regard, the link between high productivity and reduced sialylation and galactosylation as well as the occurrence of high-mannose structures has been established. This observation can be partially explained by lack of sugar-precursors due to the depletion of nutrients towards the end of a bioprocess, but it has also been proposed that there is a limited capacity of the Golgi for N-glycan processing. With more glycoprotein traversing through the secretory pathway, the abundance of glycosyltransferases in the Golgi membrane might not be sufficient to act upon all N-glycan molecules. Our strategy is based on the knock-out of multiple galactosyltransferases and sialyltransferases that have no or only a minor role in N-glycosylation of recombinant proteins to generate free space in the Golgi membrane, which can then be re-populated with the most effective isoenzymes to ensure high levels of glycan maturation even at high production rates. For sialylation, ST3GAL4 was previously identified as the key player. Out of the four galactosyltransferases involved in N-glycosylation, B4GALT1 has been proposed to be the dominant isoform, but published results vary concerning the contributions of the other isoenzymes. Therefore, we studied the activity of each of these four galactosyltransferases individually by removing the respective other three isoenzymes using CRISPR and a paired sgRNA deletion strategy. Three different glycoproteins (Epo-Fc, IFNG and a heavily glycosylated Fc fusion protein) were produced transiently and analysed by mass spectrometry for site specific N-glycans. The results clearly show that B4GALT1 alone is sufficient for high levels of galactosylation of all model proteins. B4GALT2 and B4GALT3 contribute to different extents but only yield low levels of galactosylation when acting alone, with slightly protein and site-dependent effects. To enhance N-glycosylation ST3GAL4 and B4GALT1 will be overexpressed in a cell line with a thus “cleaned-up” Golgi, referring to the lack of the other isoenzymes. The superiority of this system will be validated with a transient expression system based on mRNA transfection to obtain high productivity mimicking the high production load of industrial cell lines