GARANTIA DA QUALIDADE DE SOFTWARE COM DEVOPS

Nowadays, software processes have become increasingly common, after major globalization events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies came to the age of technology and this growth had a peak demand for solutions, bringing the need to pass the processes that were done manually and physically to the virtual world. However, with the volume of requests from industries, the processes suffered the need to always be delivered as quickly as possible and, this way, they could end up causing many human failures due to deadlines and pressure. The present project has the objective of helping in the speed of deliveries, automating repetitive processes and guaranteeing the necessary quality in question. Methodologies that fit these needs were analyzed, helping to create a complete flow with new technologies in the market. As a result of the project it was created a sequence of automations that test the software from end to end.  Hoy en día, los procesos de software se han vuelto cada vez más comunes, después de grandes eventos de globalización como la pandemia de COVID-19, muchas empresas llegaron a la era de la tecnología y este crecimiento tuvo un pico de demanda de soluciones, trayendo la necesidad de pasar los procesos que se hacían manualmente y físicamente al mundo virtual. Sin embargo, con el volumen de solicitudes de las industrias, los procesos sufrieron la necesidad de ser entregados siempre lo más rápido posible y, de esta manera, podrían acabar provocando muchos fallos humanos debido al plazo y la presión. El proyecto presente en este trabajo pretende ayudar en la rapidez de las entregas, automatizando los procesos repetitivos y garantizando la calidad necesaria en cuestión. Se analizaron las metodologías que se ajustaban a estas necesidades, ayudando a crear un flujo completo con las nuevas tecnologías del mercado. Como resultado del proyecto se creó una secuencia de automatizaciones que prueban el software de principio a fin.  Nos dias atuais, os processos de software têm se tornado cada vez mais comuns, após grandes eventos de globalização como a pandemia da COVID-19, muitas empresas vieram para a era da tecnologia e esse crescente teve um pico de demanda por soluções, trazendo a necessidade de passar os processos que eram feitos de forma manual e física para o mundo virtual. Porém, com o volume de solicitações das indústrias, os processos sofreram a necessidade de serem entregues sempre o mais rápido possível e, desta forma, poderiam acabar acarretando muitas falhas humanas por conta de prazo e pressão. O projeto presente neste trabalho tem como objetivo auxiliar na velocidade das entregas, automatizando processos repetitivos e garantindo a qualidade necessária em questão. Foram analisadas metodologias que se encaixam nessas necessidades, auxiliando a criação de um fluxo completo com tecnologias novas no mercado. Como resultado do projeto foi criada uma sequência de automações que testam o software de ponta a ponta.  Nos dias atuais, os processos de software têm se tornado cada vez mais comuns, após grandes eventos de globalização como a pandemia da COVID-19, muitas empresas vieram para a era da tecnologia e esse crescente teve um pico de demanda por soluções, trazendo a necessidade de passar os processos que eram feitos de forma manual e física para o mundo virtual. Porém, com o volume de solicitações das indústrias, os processos sofreram a necessidade de serem entregues sempre o mais rápido possível e, desta forma, poderiam acabar acarretando muitas falhas humanas por conta de prazo e pressão. O projeto presente neste trabalho tem como objetivo auxiliar na velocidade das entregas, automatizando processos repetitivos e garantindo a qualidade necessária em questão. Foram analisadas metodologias que se encaixam nessas necessidades, auxiliando a criação de um fluxo completo com tecnologias novas no mercado. Como resultado do projeto foi criada uma sequência de automações que testam o software de ponta a ponta.

Cadmium genotoxicity in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

O cádmio (Cd) é um metal pesado encontrado naturalmente no meio ambiente em níveis da ordem de 0,5 mg.L-1. No entanto, atividades humanas têm aumentado sua concentração na biosfera, por meio de efluentes industriais não tratados. Essa elevação pode causar estresse oxidativo nas plantas, conferindo aberrações cromossômicas, danos ao DNA e alterações nos microtúbulos das células. Pesquisas têm avaliado os efeitos do Cd em diversas espécies de plantas. Entretanto, o tomateiro ainda não tem sido alvo de tais pesquisas mesmo sendo considerada uma planta modelo em outras áreas. Dessa forma, justifica-se a condução de experimentos que avaliem a genotoxicidade do Cd nesta espécie através de abordagens baseadas na citogenética. Este estudo foi conduzido para avaliar efeitos genotóxicos do Cd em células meristemáticas de raízes de tomateiro do cultivar Micro-Tom através da investigação de aberrações cromossômicas, grau de danos causados ao DNA e anormalidades das fibras do fuso mitótico e do citoesqueleto. Evidenciou-se que a partir da dose mínima de Cd empregada (variou de 0,018 a 13 mg.L-1), foram observadas aberrações cromossômicas, tais como quebras, perdas, adesões e pontes. Ainda empregando-se as mesmas doses de Cd, constataram-se danos ao DNA por meio do ensaio de cometa. Porém, de acordo com a dose de 3,7 mg.L-1 de Cd, os microtúbulos de ?-tubulinas sofreram modificações em sua estrutura que alteram a organização do citoesqueleto celular, do fuso mitótico e da citocinese. Em geral, o tomateiro apresentou sensibilidade em baixas concentrações de Cd, o que possibilita considerá-lo como uma importante planta modelo com potencial para estudos de genotoxicidade aplicados ao monitoramento ambiental e testes de compostos tóxicos.Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal found naturally in the environment at low levels (around 0.5 mg.L-1). Some human activities have increased its concentration in the biosphere due to untreated industrial effluents. This increase may induce oxidative stress in plants and potentially causing chromosomal aberrations, DNA damage and changes in the cell microtubules. Researchers have evaluated the Cd effects in several plant species. However, tomato has not been the target of these researches even though it is considered as a plant model in others areas. Therefore, experiments are needed to assess the genotoxicity of Cd in this plant species through cytogenetical approaches. The present work was carried out to assess the Cd genotoxic effects on root-meristem cells of Micro-Tom based on chromosomal aberrations, DNA damage and abnormal mitotic spindle fibers and cytoskeleton. Low Cd concentrations (ranging from 0.018 to 13 mg.L-1) were able to induce chromosomal aberrations such as breaks, losses, stickiness and bridges. At the same concentrations, DNA damage was evidenced using the comet assay. Concentrations of 3.7 mg.L-1 Cd induced structural modifications of the microtubules of ?-tubulin that altered the organization of the cytoskeleton, the mitotic spindle fibers and cytokinesis. In general, tomato presented sensitivity to low concentrations of Cd. These results suggest that tomato is also a good model for studies of genotoxicity to be applied on environmental monitoring and toxic compounds assays

Karyotype structure and NOR activity in Brazilian Smilax Linnaeus, 1753 species (Smilacaceae)

The genus Smilax Linnaeus, 1753 (Smilacaceae) is a large genus of dioecious plants distributed in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Some Smilax species have medicinal importance and their identification is important for the control of raw material used in the manufacture of phytotherapeutical products. The karyotypes of seven Brazilian Smilax species were investigated. Mitotic metaphases of roots from young plants were analysed in Feulgen-stained preparations. The karyotypes were asymmetric and modal with 2n = 2x = 32 chromosomes gradually decreasing in size. In S. goyazana A De Candolle & C De Candolle, 1878, a polyploid species, 2n = 4x = 64. In all the species, the large and medium-sized chromosomes were subtelocentric and submetacentric and the small chromosomes were submetacentric or metacentric. Their karyotypes were quite similar, with differences in the arm ratio of some chromosomes. S. fluminensis Steudel, 1841 differed from the other species by having a large metacentric chromosome 1. These findings suggest that evolution occurred without drastic changes in the chromosomal structure in the species analyzed. Terminal secondary constrictions were visualized on the short arm of some chromosomes, but they were detected only in one homologue of each pair. Due to the terminal location and the degree of chromosome condensation, secondary constrictions were not visualized in some species. The nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) were mapped by silver-staining and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in S. rufescens Grisebach, 1842 and S. fluminensis. Silver-staining and FISH signals were colocalized on the short arms of six chromosomes in S. rufescens and four chromosomes in S. fluminensis. In FISH preparations, one of the largest chromosomes had the secondary constrictions highly decondensed in some cells. This finding and the heteromorphism observed in Feulgen-stained chromosomes suggest that differential rRNA gene expression between homologous rDNA loci can occur in some cells, resulting in different degrees of ribosomal chromatin decondensation. The presence of a heteromorphic chromosome pair in S. rufescens, S. polyantha Grisebach, 1842 and S. goyazana suggests a chromosomal sex determination in these dioecious species

Temporal dynamics of the response to Al stress in Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Lipid peroxidation and root elongation of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus camaldulensis were studied under stress conditions in response to aluminum (Al), a metal known to limit agricultural productivity in acidic soils primarily due to reduced root elongation. In Brazil, the Grancam 1277 hybrid (E. grandis × E. camaldulensis) has been planted in the "Cerrado", a region of the country with a wide occurrence of acidic soils. The present study demonstrated that the hybrid exhibited root growth reduction and increased levels of lipid peroxidation after 24h of treatment with 100 µM of Al, which was followed by a reduction in lipid peroxidation levels and the recovery of root elongation after 48h of Al exposure, suggesting a rapid response to the early stressful conditions induced by Al. The understanding of the temporal dynamics of Al tolerance may be useful for selecting more tolerant genotypes and for identifying genes of interest for applications in bioengineering

Karyotype variability in tropical maize sister inbred lines and hybrids compared with KYS standard line

Maize karyotype variability has been extensively investigated. The identification of maize somatic and pachytene chromosomes has improved with the development of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using tandemly repeated DNA sequences as probes. We identified the somatic chromosomes of sister inbred lines that were derived from a tropical flint maize population (Jac Duro [JD]), and hybrids between them, using FISH probes for the 180-bp knob repeat, centromeric satellite (CentC), centromeric satellite 4 (Cent4), subtelomeric clone 4-12-1, 5S ribosomal DNA and nucleolus organizing region DNA sequences. The observations were integrated with data based on C-banded mitotic metaphases and conventional analysis of pachytene chromosomes. Heterochromatic knobs visible at pachynema were coincident with C-bands and 180-bp FISH signals on somatic chromosomes, and most of them were large. Variation in the presence of some knobs was observed among lines. Small 180-bp knob signals were invariant on the short arms of chromosomes 1, 6, and 9. The subtelomeric 4-12-1 signal was also invariant and useful for identifying some chromosomes. The centromere location of chromosomes 2 and 4 differed from previous reports on standard maize lines. Somatic chromosomes of a JD line and the commonly used KYS line were compared by FISH in a hybrid of these lines. The pairing behavior of chromosomes 2 and 4 at pachytene stage in this hybrid was investigated using FISH with chromosome-specific probes. The homologues were fully synapsed, including the 5S rDNA and CentC sites on chromosome 2, and Cent4 and subtelomeric 4-12-1 sites on chromosome 4. This suggests that homologous chromosomes could pair through differential degrees of chromatin packaging in homologous arms differing in size. The results contribute to current knowledge of maize global diversity and also raise questions concerning the meiotic pairing of homologous chromosomes possibly differing in their amounts of repetitive DNA