6,120 research outputs found
Quantum Teleportation is a Universal Computational Primitive
We present a method to create a variety of interesting gates by teleporting
quantum bits through special entangled states. This allows, for instance, the
construction of a quantum computer based on just single qubit operations, Bell
measurements, and GHZ states. We also present straightforward constructions of
a wide variety of fault-tolerant quantum gates.Comment: 6 pages, REVTeX, 6 epsf figure
Determination of entrance skin dose from diagnostic X-ray of human chest at Federal Medical Centre Keffi, Nigeria
patient during x-ray examination in Federal Medical Centre, Keffi in Nasarawa state, Nigeria. Entrance skin doses (ESDs) for a common type of x-ray procedures, namely chest AP/PA (anterior/posterior) were measured. A total of 200 data were collected from patients who were exposed to diagnostic X-ray during their routine chest X-ray examinations. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 68 years old while the weight and height of these patients ranged from 37.5kg to 98.5kg and 130.0cm to 175cm, respectively. The patent’s skin dose were determined using Edmond’s formula, which is based on the X-ray tube and the radiographic exposure parameters of kVp, mAS, SSD and the total filtration of the beams. The calculated mean skin dose ranges from 0.013± 0.01mGy to 0.851±0.023mGy. In general, the ESDs measured for this type of x-ray procedures were found to be lower than or in agreement with the guidance level set by the Nigerian Basic Ionizing Radiation Regulation (NBIRR, 2003) standard and other international bodies and does not pose any significant health risk to the patience or the workers.Keywords: Entrance skin Dose, X-ray, Anterior-Posterior, Exposure, and Radiation
Feeding the fledgling repository: starting an institutional repository at an academic health sciences library.
In 2005, the Scott Memorial Library at Thomas Jefferson University started an institutional repository (IR), the Jefferson Digital Commons (JDC) . Originally intended as a showcase for faculty scholarship, it has evolved to serve also as a university press for original journals and newsletters, and as an institutional archive. Many lessons have been learned about marketing techniques, common IR issues, and advantages of an IR for a library. IR recruitment has come to be viewed as yet another form of collection development and has been integrated into all forms of the Library\u27s outreach. Jefferson\u27s academic health sciences environment has proven similar to other academic environments on issues of acceptance and participation
Internal Universes in Models of Homotopy Type Theory
We begin by recalling the essentially global character of universes in various models of homotopy type theory, which prevents a straightforward axiomatization of their properties using the internal language of the presheaf toposes from which these model are constructed. We get around this problem by extending the internal language with a modal operator for expressing properties of global elements. In this setting we show how to construct a universe that classifies the Cohen-Coquand-Huber-Mörtberg (CCHM) notion of fibration from their cubical sets model, starting from the assumption that the interval is tiny - a property that the interval in cubical sets does indeed have. This leads to an elementary axiomatization of that and related models of homotopy type theory within what we call crisp type theory
How many independent bets are there?
The benefits of portfolio diversification is a central tenet implicit to
modern financial theory and practice. Linked to diversification is the notion
of breadth. Breadth is correctly thought of as the number of in- dependent bets
available to an investor. Conventionally applications us- ing breadth
frequently assume only the number of separate bets. There may be a large
discrepancy between these two interpretations. We uti- lize a simple
singular-value decomposition (SVD) and the Keiser-Gutman stopping criterion to
select the integer-valued effective dimensionality of the correlation matrix of
returns. In an emerging market such as South African we document an estimated
breadth that is considerably lower than anticipated. This lack of
diversification may be because of market concentration, exposure to the global
commodity cycle and local currency volatility. We discuss some practical
extensions to a more statistically correct interpretation of market breadth,
and its theoretical implications for both global and domestic investors.Comment: Less technical rewrite. 12 Pages, 6 Figures (.eps
POCUS: mining genomic sequence annotation to predict disease genes
Here we present POCUS (prioritization of candidate genes using statistics), a novel computational approach to prioritize candidate disease genes that is based on over-representation of functional annotation between loci for the same disease. We show that POCUS can provide high (up to 81-fold) enrichment of real disease genes in the candidate-gene shortlists it produces compared with the original large sets of positional candidates. In contrast to existing methods, POCUS can also suggest counterintuitive candidates
Decomposing Spectral and Phasic Differences in Nonlinear Features between Datasets.
When employing nonlinear methods to characterize complex systems, it is important to determine to what extent they are capturing genuine nonlinear phenomena that could not be assessed by simpler spectral methods. Specifically, we are concerned with the problem of quantifying spectral and phasic effects on an observed difference in a nonlinear feature between two systems (or two states of the same system). Here we derive, from a sequence of null models, a decomposition of the difference in an observable into spectral, phasic, and spectrum-phase interaction components. Our approach makes no assumptions about the structure of the data and adds nuance to a wide range of time series analyses
New Symmetries in Crystals and Handed Structures
For over a century, the structure of materials has been described by a
combination of rotations, rotation-inversions and translational symmetries. By
recognizing the reversal of static structural rotations between clockwise and
counterclockwise directions as a distinct symmetry operation, here we show that
there are many more structural symmetries than are currently recognized in
right- or left-handed handed helices, spirals, and in antidistorted structures
composed equally of rotations of both handedness. For example, though a helix
or spiral cannot possess conventional mirror or inversion symmetries, they can
possess them in combination with the rotation reversal symmetry. Similarly, we
show that many antidistorted perovskites possess twice the number of symmetry
elements as conventionally identified. These new symmetries predict new forms
for "roto" properties that relate to static rotations, such as rotoelectricity,
piezorotation, and rotomagnetism. They also enable symmetry-based search for
new phenomena, such as multiferroicity involving a coupling of spins, electric
polarization and static rotations. This work is relevant to structure-property
relationships in all material structures with static rotations such as
minerals, polymers, proteins, and engineered structures.Comment: 15 Pages, 4 figures, 3 Tables; Fig. 2b has error
Which wavenumbers determine the thermodynamic stability of soft matter quasicrystals?
For soft matter to form quasicrystals an important ingredient is to have two
characteristic lengthscales in the interparticle interactions. To be more
precise, for stable quasicrystals, periodic modulations of the local density
distribution with two particular wavenumbers should be favored, and the ratio
of these wavenumbers should be close to certain special values. So, for simple
models, the answer to the title question is that only these two ingredients are
needed. However, for more realistic models, where in principle all wavenumbers
can be involved, other wavenumbers are also important, specifically those of
the second and higher reciprocal lattice vectors. We identify features in the
particle pair interaction potentials which can suppress or encourage density
modes with wavenumbers associated with one of the regular crystalline orderings
that compete with quasicrystals, enabling either the enhancement or suppression
of quasicrystals in a generic class of systems
Estimulación del sistema mediado por interferón tipo I de lenguado senegalés (Solea senegalensis) en respuesta a infecciones por nodavirus
El lenguado senegalés es susceptible a la infección por el Virus de la Necrosis Nerviosa Viral (VNNV). Los betanodavirus se clasifican en cuatro genotipos, siendo los genotiposSJNNV, RGNNV y virus recombinantes RGNNV-SJNNV los que causan mortalidad en lenguado. En condiciones experimentales es el recombinante el que provoca mayor mortalidad. Las diferencias en la tasa de mortalidad pueden indicar variaciones en la interacción entre los distintos genotipos y el sistema inmune de lenguado. El sistema del interferón tipo I es un componente esencial de la respuesta inmune frente a infecciones virales, induciendo la expresión de genes que codifican proteínas antivíricas, tales como la Mx, la ISG15 y la PKR. El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido cuantificar la transcripción de Mx, ISG15 y PKR en respuesta a infecciones por SJNNV, RGNNV y un recombinante RG-SJ.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
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