Integrative Framing Analysis

Much of framing scholarship focuses either exclusively on the analysis of words or of visuals. This book aims to address this gap by proposing a six-step approach to the analysis of verbal frames, visual frames and the interplay between them—an integrative framing analysis. This approach is then demonstrated through a study investigating the way words and visuals are used to frame people living with HIV/AIDS in various communication contexts: the news, public service announcements and special interest publications. This application of integrative framing analysis reveals differences between verbal frames and visual frames in the same messages, underscoring the importance of looking at these frames together

Chapter 9 A Methodological Approach for Integrative Framing Analysis of Television News

This chapter lays out a set of procedures to investigate visual and verbal frames in news packages with an integrated approach. It provides an updated literature review on how audiovisual analyses can be conducted, reveals strengths and weaknesses of existing approaches, and adapts this advice to the necessities of visual news framing analyses. With a focus on issue framing, researchers will be guided through all the stages of the process from data collection to data analysis. Practical questions will be addressed, such as those concerning the unit of analysis, the preparation of the material, and strategies for frame identification and analysis. The chapter provides specific advice about how the interplay between verbal and visual frames in a news package can be measured in quantitative studies. All steps will be exemplified using a news package. The step-by-step delineation of a methodological approach to integrative framing analysis proposed here aims to spur more integrative studies and, through this, enhance our understanding of how journalists and their editors frame issues

No change without some continuity: Evergreen health myths resurfacing during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated journalistic corrections

Crises allow falsehoods to flourish in communication environments, prompting negative consequences. Corrections issued in response, such as journalistic fact-checks, have difficulty undoing the harm falsehoods cause. This has been attributed to the design and distribution of corrections, presented as diametral to how false / misleading claims are reported; however, this argument has never been tested in a single study. We addressed this research gap through a content analysis of journalistic coverage of health myths surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of journalistic corrections. We found that 86.1 % of the misinformation items addressed in this coverage echoed health myths described in the literature for other outbreaks, suggesting that misinformation is largely recycled and tweaked to apply to new outbreaks. We also found major differences regarding the actors that journalists presented as those in which falsehoods and corrections originated – with the former stemming mainly from the civil society domain and the latter from the science domain. Finally, we found differences in the key properties of misinformation and corrections in the journalistic coverage analyzed, agreeing with existing theorizing. This suggests that corrections have a competitive disadvantage compared with misinformation. To address this, corrections should employ more supporting visuals and decreased complexity

Integrative Framing Analysis

Much of framing scholarship focuses either exclusively on the analysis of words or of visuals. This book aims to address this gap by proposing a six-step approach to the analysis of verbal frames, visual frames and the interplay between them—an integrative framing analysis. This approach is then demonstrated through a study investigating the way words and visuals are used to frame people living with HIV/AIDS in various communication contexts: the news, public service announcements and special interest publications. This application of integrative framing analysis reveals differences between verbal frames and visual frames in the same messages, underscoring the importance of looking at these frames together

How Gender Impacted the Coverage of Male and Female Romanian Candidates for European Office

This study discusses variations in the media coverage of the most prominent male and female EP candidates from Romania in the four weeks leading up to Election Day (May 8 to June 7, 2009). The verbal- and visual-framing analyses conducted focus on the visibility of these candidates, their viability (horse- race frame), and the balance between issue-related coverage (issue frame) and gendered coverage (trivialization frame). Our sample encompasses 249 news stories from the web sites of the most influential broadsheets and tabloids in Romania, namely, Cancan, Evenimentul Zilei, Gândul, and Libertatea. The results point toward a gender bias on the part of media. Whereas women dominated the tabloid outlets, men were featured prominently in the broadsheets. The trivialization and the issue frames appeared more often for female candidates, whereas the results for the horse-race frame were mixed. While factors other than gender (such as experience) might have influenced the coverage of these particular candidates, it is still too early to proclaim equal treatment in the media, especially since women were considered unable to deal with the issues they were linked to

Fighting the Infodemic on Two Fronts: Reducing False Beliefs Without Increasing Polarization

Actors aiming to remedy the effects of health misinformation often issue corrections focused on individual outcomes (i.e., promoting individual health behaviors) rather than societal outcomes (i.e., reducing issue polarization). Yet, for highly politicized health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic, such interventions run the risk of exacerbating societal cleavages, driving those holding opposing views further apart from one another. Interventions yielding individual benefits but causing societal harm are certainly not ideal. But is the design of such dual-focus corrections even possible? We believe this to be the case. Here, we delineate an agenda for future research that should help social scientists in identifying the characteristics of corrections that might reduce false beliefs without increasing polarization

Chapter 7 Political Public Relations and Strategic Framing

Frames advance coherent interpretations of issues that suggest specific problem definitions, causes, moral evaluations, and courses of action. As such, frames highlight certain aspects of an issue, and downplay or ignore others. While the use of frames is inevitable—i.e., the act of framing—actors do use frames strategically in their attempts to define issues in a way favorable to them and in their efforts to influence the course of action on issues. This is especially the case in the political realm. Thus, strategic framing is crucial to political public relations. This chapter offers a brief introduction to framing theory before shedding light on the specific ways in which political actors use frames strategically and to what effect

Chapter 7 Political Public Relations and Strategic Framing

Frames advance coherent interpretations of issues that suggest specific problem definitions, causes, moral evaluations, and courses of action. As such, frames highlight certain aspects of an issue, and downplay or ignore others. While the use of frames is inevitable—i.e., the act of framing—actors do use frames strategically in their attempts to define issues in a way favorable to them and in their efforts to influence the course of action on issues. This is especially the case in the political realm. Thus, strategic framing is crucial to political public relations. This chapter offers a brief introduction to framing theory before shedding light on the specific ways in which political actors use frames strategically and to what effect

Political public relations and strategic framing

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