Leucaena in Northern Australia: A Forage Tree Legume Success Story

Leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) is a long-lived, perennial forage tree legume of very high nutritive value for ruminant production. In northern Australia, leucaena is direct seeded into hedgerows 5-10m apart, with grass species such as buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) planted in the inter-row to form a highly productive and sustainable grass-legume pasture that cattle graze directly. It generally is grown on deep, fertile soils in sub-humid environments with average rainfall of 600-800mm/year. Steer gains of 275-300kg/head per year are achieved, with short-term daily gains over the main growing season \u3e 1kg/head. Being very deep-rooted, leucaena exploits moisture beyond the reach of grasses and remains productive well into the dry season. Once established, leucaena-grass pastures remain productive for \u3e 40 years

Effects of Salinity Changes on the Photodegradation and Ultraviolet-Visible Absorbance of Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Matter

We performed laboratory studies to determine the effects of salinity on the photodegradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the Great Dismal Swamp, Virginia, an important source of terrestrial DOM to the lower Chesapeake Bay. Samples were created by mixing Great Dismal Swamp water (ionic strength approximate to 0 mol L-1) with modified artificial seawater solutions of differing salinities while keeping the final dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration constant. These samples were then irradiated for 24 h in a light box providing ultraviolet (UV) light similar to that of natural sunlight. Light absorbance and DOC concentrations decreased after photoexposure, whereas dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations increased. Variations in salinity affected both DIC production and UV absorption, with the higher salinity samples showing lower DIC production and less photobleaching. Addition of an iron chelator eliminated the relationship between photochemistry and salinity by reducing both photobleaching and DIC production at low salinities. As terrigenous DOM transits through an estuary, its photochemical reactivity and optical properties may change significantly as a function of salinity, probably as a result of changes in DOM conformation or changes in iron-DOM photochemistry, or both

Prospectus, November 4, 1981

FARE INCREASE POSTPONED; News In Brief; P.C. to serve as Field Center; Reader likes book review; \u27Annie\u27 opening Nov. 6; Closer than you think: Draft reinstated?; \u27Ivesdale\u27 displayed in gallery; Writing classes offered for elderly; Residents join to provide funds; Tourneys turn out surprises this week; What in the world is it?; Ski club plans trip to Michigan; P.C. Happ\u27nin\u27s: International Fair November 11, Counseling meetings set, Equine Club invites members, Artist displays sculpture at PC, WPCD airs game, Marketing offered in Villa Grove, PACT meets, PACT offers CPR; Pet ailing? call Hotline; Classifieds; Larry Daniels thrills P.C. crowd; New York Dolls: big influence on rock\u27n\u27roll; King Crimson reforms; David Johansen\u27s latest reviewed; Volleyballers lose during conference play; 3 Cobras qualify for nationals; Sports News; Freddy breaks even; Fast Freddy Contest; Photo News; Halloween arrives at Parklandhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1981/1006/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, September 10, 1981

PARKLAND RECEIVES GRANT; News In Brief; Speech team needs help; Learn to learn; Adolescent seminar offered; Women\u27s program sponsors workshop; Classifieds; Keyboard Chatter; Overseas study becoming popular; What is wellness? ; 8 Senate seats open; Musical groups formed at PC; Entertainment editor asks for opinion; Sign up for insurance; Two self-development seminars to be held; Fall In ...at Parkland ; Drug problem is going to get worse. ; Piloting not as easy as you may think! ; ROTC plus college instills responsibility; Health Center offers program dealing with physical disabilities; In-depth workshop is available to EMT; Community artists unite in labor of love ; Community colleges can contribute; Golf team opens season; Join pom-pom squad; Seatbelts can save your child; VB coach has high hopes; Latin may be on its way back; Parkland College Golf Schedule 1981; Parkland College Women\u27s Volleyball Schedule -- 1981; Parkland College Basketball Schedule Men -- 1981-82; WPCD broadcasts gamehttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1981/1013/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, March 3, 1982

JOHNSON DISCUSSES REAGAN ECONOMY; News In Brief; College loan cuts hurting middle-income families; Meltdown reveals bonanza of useful items, treasures; What is intellectual freedom?: Your ideas can win; PC happenings…: Program focuses on language, Trouble falling asleep?, Winter playtime scheduled, Cowger discusses Indian lifestyle; Officers elected; Center offers counsel, U of I sponsors Engineering Open House, Apply for achievement award; Interested in singing? Here\u27s chance; Drama department presents; Circle K celebrates week of activities; From official tornado photographer to P.C. instructor: Donna Drysdale leads unusual life; Sugar Babies : tribute to evening of burlesque; Classifieds; U-2 good, not as good as crowd expected; \u27Personal Best\u27: Controversy arouses interest; Fifth-ranked baseball team back to face tough season Cobras Coverage sports insert pages 9-12https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1982/1026/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, November 11, 1981

CHARTER BOARD MEMBER DIES; News In Brief; John Mathews: November 9, 1981; Board members elected; Plan for shopping trip; 19 cities offer classes; Artists featured; Students helping students; Workshop on telling stories; Movie deals with social turmoil; America\u27s going cold turkey; P.C. Happ\u27nin\u27s: Counseling meetings set, Performances begin Nov. 12; Christian group tells topics; Farm Health Day is December 4. Workshop plans told at Parkland, Nutrition to be topic; Foreign foods to be served at language students\u27 dinner; Grad student finds out cartoons turn into cash; Walt Disney goes adult; See French Lieutenant\u27s Woman; \u27Bohemia\u27 better live than recorded; An inside look at federal agent; Holiday season opens; Annie reviewed; Johansen makes history; Prepare your car for approaching winter; Classifieds; Celebrate International Day; Game playoffs continue; Ski club has sale; Parkland wins v-ball sectional; Lewis wins Fast Freddy, Illini shafted; BB starts Mon.; Sports Notes; Fast Freddy Contest; Photo Newshttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1981/1005/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, October 14, 1981

NC PANEL STUDIES PC; News In Brief; MTD to raise rates; Music groups to perform; Tourneys continue; Ship collection shown at Parkland; We hear from you…; Parkland offers two courses at Mahomet; Center offers support; Bell telephone celebrates 100th year; Ultimate generic product is here; English 100 enrollment sets record; Burt wants a child; Take a tour through Illinois Bell; Meet: Louise!; People; Classifieds; Fast Freddy fumbles; Runners place fourth; Sports Notes; V-ballers net victories; Fast Freddy Contest; Refund forms hard to find in C-U areahttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1981/1009/thumbnail.jp

Grouping of UVCB substances with dose-response transcriptomics data from human cell-based assays

The application of in vitro biological assays as new approach methodologies (NAMs) to support grouping of UVCB (unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, and biological materials) substances has recently been demonstrated. In addition to cell-based phenotyping as NAMs, in vitro transcriptomic profiling is used to gain deeper mechanistic understanding of biological responses to chemicals and to support grouping and read-across. However, the value of gene expression profiling for characterizing complex substances like UVCBs has not been explored. Using 141 petroleum substance extracts, we performed dose-response transcriptomic profiling in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and endothelial cells, as well as cell lines MCF7 and A375. The goal was to determine whether transcriptomic data can be used to group these UVCBs and to further characterize the molecular basis for in vitro biological responses. We found distinct transcriptional responses for petroleum substances by manufacturing class. Pathway enrichment informed interpretation of effects of substances and UVCB petroleum-class. Transcriptional activity was strongly correlated with concentration of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC), especially in iPSC-derived hepatocytes. Supervised analysis using transcriptomics, alone or in combination with bioactivity data collected on these same substances/cells, suggest that transcriptomics data provide useful mechanistic information, but only modest additional value for grouping. Overall, these results further demonstrate the value of NAMs for grouping of UVCBs, identify informative cell lines, and provide data that could be used for justifying selection of substances for further testing that may be required for registration