Molecular pathogenesis of B cell lymphoma

[Curriculum Vitae & Summary] International Symposium on Tumor Biology in Kanazawa 2004 / Kanazawa, Japan February 12 and 13, 200

Analysis of PTEN Mutations and Deletions in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas

The PTEN gene is involved in 10q23 deletions in several types of cancer, including glioma, melanoma, endometrial and prostate carcinomas. The PTEN gene product is a dual-specificity phosphatase with putative tumor suppressor function. Deletions and rearrangements of 10q22–25 have been reported in ,5%–10% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs), raising the possibility of PTEN involvement in these tumors. In order to address this question, we analyzed a panel of NHLs (n 5 74) representative of the main histologic subtypes for mutations and homozygous deletions of PTEN. We report somatic coding/splice site mutations in 20% (2 of 10) of Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines and in 3% (2 of 64) of primary NHL cases analyzed. No homozygous deletions were found in these tumors. Interestingly, this study showed that cytogenetically characterized NHL cases (n 5 6) with 10q22–q25 abnormalities displayed neither biallelic deletions nor mutations of PTEN. These results suggest that a tumor suppressor gene distinct from PTEN may be involved in 10q deletions in this subgroup of NHL cases

Liberdade de expressão e de informação: análise dos sites dos principais partidos políticos brasileiros a partir da proposta de Cass Sunstein na obra “Republic.com 2.0”

O objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar se os principais partidos políticos brasileiros aderem à proposta de Cass Sunstein na obra “Republic.com 2.0”. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método de abordagem dedutivo, tendo a pesquisa perpassado pelo estudo da liberdade de expressão e de informação, pela referida obra e, por fim, pelo estudo dos sites dos partidos no Brasil. Já o método de procedimento empregado foi o monográfico, com o objetivo de expor a obra do autor e refletir acerca da sua principal proposta. Além das técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e de observação direta, sistemática e não participativa. Concluiu-se que os partidos brasileiros não aderem à proposta de Sunstein, no que diz respeito ao fornecimento de links para outros sites partidários com pontos de vista ou posicionamentos opostos em suas homepages, e que, pelo contrário, adotam a “política do escândalo”, algo antidemocrático

Analysis of PTEN Mutations and Deletions in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas

The PTEN gene is involved in 10q23 deletions in several types of cancer, including glioma, melanoma, endometrial and prostate carcinomas. The PTEN gene product is a dual-specificity phosphatase with putative tumor suppressor function. Deletions and rearrangements of 10q22–25 have been reported in ,5%–10% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs), raising the possibility of PTEN involvement in these tumors. In order to address this question, we analyzed a panel of NHLs (n 5 74) representative of the main histologic subtypes for mutations and homozygous deletions of PTEN. We report somatic coding/splice site mutations in 20% (2 of 10) of Burkitt’s lymphoma cell lines and in 3% (2 of 64) of primary NHL cases analyzed. No homozygous deletions were found in these tumors. Interestingly, this study showed that cytogenetically characterized NHL cases (n 5 6) with 10q22–q25 abnormalities displayed neither biallelic deletions nor mutations of PTEN. These results suggest that a tumor suppressor gene distinct from PTEN may be involved in 10q deletions in this subgroup of NHL cases

A Responsabilidade Civil do Facebook Quanto às Ofensas Publicadas por Terceiros: a Proteção do Consumidor no Ordenamento Jurídico Norte- Americano e Brasileiro.

This paper aims to analyze the civil liability of Facebook as the offenses published by its users. The treatment of the subject in the United States, with support in the comparative method, analyzing if the recent system inaugurated by Law number 12.965/2014 shows aligned with the answers offered in that country, and does not conflict with other internal rules. It was found the trend in both countries to exempt Facebook to reply from the offensive content published by third parties, option that in Brazil reveals collision with the protective consumer principles, that can constitute a setback in its defense.Este artigo objetiva analisar a responsabilidade civil do Facebook quanto às ofensas publicadas pelos seus usuários. O tratamento do tema nos Estados Unidos, com amparo no método comparativo, analisando se o recente sistema inaugurado pela Lei nº 12.965/2014 se mostra alinhado às respostas ofertadas naquele país, bem como não colide com as demais normas internas. Constatou-se a tendência nos dois países em isentar o Facebook de responder pelos conteúdos ofensivos publicados por terceiros, opção que no Brasil revela colisão com os princípios protetivos do consumidor, podendo constituir em retrocesso na sua defesa

Cibersegurança na União Europeia e no Mercosul: Big Data e Surveillance Versus Privacidade e Proteção de Dados na Internet

This paper aims to discuss the surveillance practices, with the help of big data, especially after the revelations of Edward Snowden in 2013. It aims to analyze the acting of European Union in relation to the cybersecurity, besides to expose and discuss any existing strategies in Mercosur to face these problems, which will culminate with the analysis of the Internet Civil Mark in Brazil. It was found the need for the same block members act of transnational and cooperative manner, as recommended by the European Union Policies, betting on collaborative cybersecurity strategies, in favor of human and fundamental rights.Este artigo objetiva discutir as práticas de surveillance, com o auxílio do big data, especialmente após as revelações de Edward Snowden em 2013. Visa analisar a atuação da União Europeia quanto à cibersegurança, além de expor e discutir as eventuais estratégias existentes no Mercosul para enfrentar esses problemas, o que culminará com a análise do Marco Civil da Internet no Brasil. Constatou-se a necessidade de os integrantes de um mesmo bloco atuarem de forma transnacional e cooperativa, tal como preconizam as Diretivas da União Europeia, apostando-se em estratégias de segurança cibernética colaborativas, em prol dos direitos humanos e fundamentais

Tratamento de sementes com fungicidas e inseticidas como redutores dos efeitos do estresse hídrico em plantas de soja

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de quatro tratamentos de sementes: água (T1), carbendazim + thiram (T2), fipronil + tiofanato metílico + piraclostrobina (T3) e abamectina + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + mefenoxan + thiabendazole (T4) sobre parâmetros de crescimento de plantas de soja submetidas a dois regimes hídricos (presença e ausência de estresse hídrico) estabelecidos logo após a emergência das plântulas. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e campo. Na casa de vegetação, nos tratamentos sem estresse hídrico, foram feitas quatro irrigações por dia e, nos tratamentos com estresse hídrico, foi realizada uma irrigação a cada três dias. Neste ensaio, foi avaliada a estatura de plantas, comprimento radicular, volume radicular, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca radicular e área foliar. No ensaio de campo, o estresse hídrico foi estabelecido pela construção de túneis baixos de polietileno que impediram o fornecimento de água pela irrigação e chuva. No campo, foram avaliados estatura de planta, teor relativo de clorofila, emergência, ataque de lagarta-elasmo e rendimento de grãos. Nos dois ambientes, as plantas foram mantidas sob estresse até 28 dias após a emergência. Em casa de vegetação, todos os parâmetros foram influenciados pelo tratamento de sementes na presença e ausência de estresse hídrico. No campo, o tratamento com fipronil + tiofanato metílico + piraclostrobina (T3) e abamectina + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + mefenoxan + thiabendazole (T4) proporcionaram maior estatura de planta e teor relativo de clorofila em ambos os regimes hídricos e maior emergência e rendimento de grãos em plantas sem e com restrição hídrica, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o tratamento de sementes com esses produtos promove alterações benéficas nas plantas, aumentando sua tolerância ao estresse hídrico, com efeito positivo sobre o rendimento de grãos da soja.The objective of this research was evaluate four seed treatments: water (T1), carbendazim + thiram (T2), fipronil + thiophanate methyl + pyraclostrobin (T3) and abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + mefenoxan + thiabendazole (T4) on growth parameters of soybean plants with or without low water availability. The experiments were conducted under field conditions and greenhouse. In greenhouse, in treatments without low water availability, it was made four irrigations by day and in treatments with low water availability, it was made one irrigation each three days. In this trial, it was evaluated the plant height, root length, root volume, dry shoot weight, dry root weight and foliar area. In the field trial, low water availability was established by construction of low tunnels of polyethylene which prevented the water supply by irrigation and rain. In the field, it was also evaluated the plant height, the relative chlorophyll content, emergence, lesser cornstalk borer attack and grain yield. In the both environment, the plants were kept on stress until 28th days after emergence. In greenhouse, all the parameters were influenced by seed treatments with or without low water availability. In field, the treatment with fipronil + thiophanate methyl + pyraclostrobin (T3) and abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + mefenoxan + thiabendazole (T4) promoted higher plant height and relative chlorophyll content in both hydric schemes, higher emergence and grain yield in plants without and with lower water availability, respectively. It was concluded that seed treatment with these products promote benefit changes in plant, increasing its tolerance to hydric stress, with positive effect on soybean grain yield

The t(2;3)(q21;q27) translocation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma displays BCL6 mutations in the 5' regulatory region and chromosomal breakpoints distant from the gene

The BCL6 gene, mapped at the chromosomal band 3q27, encodes a POZ/Zinc finger transcription repressor protein. It is frequently activated in Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) by translocations with breakpoints clustering in the 5' major breakpoint region (MBR) as well as by mutations in the same region. The translocations lead to BCL6 activation by substitution of promoters of rearranging genes derived from the reciprocal chromosomal partners such as IG. We report the molecular genetic analysis of a novel t(2;3)(q21;q27) translocation subset in NHL comprising three cases without apparent BCL6 involvement in the translocation. Southern blot analysis of tumor DNAs utilizing BCL6 MBR probes revealed no rearrangement in two cases. Two rearranged bands in the third case resulted from a deletion in one allele and a mutation in the other allele. Southern blot analysis of DNA from one of the two tumors without BCL6 rearrangement, using a probe derived from the recently identified alternative breakpoint region (ABR), showed a rearrangement. The ABR is located 200-270 kb telomeric to MBR. Mutations were identified in the previously reported hypermutable region of BCL6 in all three tumors. In one, the mutant allele alone was found to be expressed by RT-PCR analysis of RNA. These results demonstrate the presence of 3q27 translocation breakpoints at a distance from BCL6 suggesting distant breaks that deregulate the gene or involvement of other genes that may be subject to rearrangement