Ensilagem de misturas de trigo de duplo propósito de planta inteira.

A conservação de forragens na forma de silagem é uma técnica essencial para a produção animal devido à sazonalidade de produção forrageira durante o ano, existindo épocas com excedente de produção e em outras, escassez

Parenteral protein formulations: an overview of approved products within the European Union

The study presented is a comprehensive overview of commercial parenteral protein formulations, approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), 1995-2018. The objective of this overview was to analyse current trends in the design of commercial parenteral protein products and thereby support formulation scientists in the design of new formulations. The main data source was the publicly available European Public Assessment Reports (EPARs) published by the EMA for each authorised product. An analysis of the percentage of formulations in a liquid and lyophilised form was conducted. In addition, the number of products containing individual excipients, classified into functional categories is provided. Finally, the overview includes comprehensive details of product compositions obtained from EMA, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and product Marketing Authorisation Holder. Data analysis highlighted trends in the number of products approved, and the higher percentage of liquid parenteral protein formulations (66%) compared to lyophilised formulations (34%). This overview identifies the most commonly incorporated excipients employed as buffering agents, stabilisers/bulking agents, surfactants, preservatives and tonicifiers, including their concentration ranges of use in both liquid and lyophilised formulation approaches. Finally, antibody-based formulations were a particular focus of this overview. The relationship between parenteral routes of administration and antibody concentrations in approved products was also investigated

Avaliação do habito intestinal em mulheres atletas e sua relação com nível de hidratação e uso de suplemento

Objetivo: constipação intestinal é a queixa digestória mais comum na população geral e ocorre com maior frequência em mulheres. A atividade física traz inúmeros benefícios à saúde, mas não se sabe ao certo o efeito do exercício do alto rendimento na regulação do habito intestinal. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar o hábito intestinal de mulheres atletas e sua relação como nível de hidratação e uso de suplementos por meio da Escala De Bristol. Métodos: a amostra foi composta por 45 mulheres atletas de alto rendimento, com idade média de 23±5 anos. Utilizou-se a Escala de Bristol para caracterização da Consistência de Fezes e questionários para avaliação do grau de hidratação e uso de suplementos. Foram coletadas medidas de peso, perímetros e dobras cutâneas. Resultados: Verificou-se que 56% das atletas apresentavam fezes consideradas normais, 28% de fezes endurecidas e 16% de fezes amolecidas. O uso de suplemento (p=0,03) e o graus de hidratação (p=0,04) foram fatores de risco relacionados com a maior ocorrência de fezes amolecidas nestas atletas estiveram relacionados consideradas). Conclusão: O exercício de alto rendimento exerceu impacto positivo no hábito intestinal das atletas que apresentaram fezes descritas como padrão normal. Entretanto, o consumo de suplementos e o nível de hidratação altera a forma das fezes. ABSTRACTBowel habit assessment in female athletes and its relationship to the level of hydration and use of supplementObjective: Constipation is the most common digestive complaint in the average population and occurs more frequently in women. Physical activity brings several health benefits, but it is still unknown the precise impact of high-performance exercises on regulating bowel habit. The purpose of the present study is to investigate bowel habit of female athletes and its relationship to the level of hydration and use of supplements through the Bristol Scale. Methods: The sample consisted of 45 high-performance female athletes, average age of 23 ± 5 years. Bristol scale has been used to classify the stool consistency and questionnaires to assess the level of hydration and use of supplements. Weight, body circumferences and skin-folds measurements were taken. Results: It was found that 56% of athletes had stools considered normal, 28% had hard feces and 16% had soft stools. The use of supplementation (p = 0.03) and the hydration level (p = 0.04) were related to a higher incidence of soft stools in these athletes. Conclusion: High-performance exercise had a positive impact on bowel habit of athletes who had stool described as normal pattern. However, the use of supplements and the level of hydration changed the form of feces

Estudo fitoquímico de folhas de Solanum lycocarpum A. St.-Hil (Solanaceae) e sua aplicação na alelopatia

(Phytochemistry of Solanum lycocarpum A.St.–Hil (Solanaceae) leaves and their application in allelopathy). Solanum lycocarpum A.St.-Hil (Solanaceae) is a typical shrub in the Cerrado of central Brazil. The allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of the leaves and fruits of this species has already been proven in previous studies. The goal of this work was to verify the allelopathic activity of different leaf extracts of S. lycocarpum on the germination and growth of four target species. The leaves were collected, dried, triturated and submitted to two distinct methods of extraction: 1- liquid--liquid (ethyl acetate and dichloromethane) from the aqueous extract and 2- with solvents of increasing polarities (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol and water) directly from the leaves. Each extraction was made with ultrasound equipment for one hour, filtered and evaporated. From these extracts, solutions of 800, 400 and 200 ppm were prepared, and water and Logran® were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Each solution, as well as the controls, was dissolved in DMSO for the bioassays. The target species used were lettuce, watercress, tomato and onion. To each plate, 20 seeds were added and 1 mL of the tested solutions (with 4 repetitions). The plates were incubated at 25 oC without light, and the shoots and roots of the seedlings were then measured and the percentage of germination and the inhibition of each extract were calculated. Tomato was the most sensitive to the extracts, followed by watercress, onion and lettuce. The extracts with stronger activity were AcOEt, acetone and the liquid-liquid extraction, indicating the fractions that may contain the active principles of the leaves in this species

Genetic diversity of symbiotic Paraburkholderia species isolated from nodules of Mimosa pudica (L.) and Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) grown in soils of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlantica)

Some species of the genus Paraburkholderia that are able to nodulate and fix nitrogen in symbiosis with legumes are called beta-rhizobia and represent a group of ecological and biotechnological importance. We used Mimosa pudica and Phaseolus vulgaris to trap 427 rhizobial isolates from rhizospheric soil of Mimoseae trees in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Eighty-four representative strains were selected according to the 16S rRNA haplotypes and taxonomically characterized using a concatenated 16S rRNA-recA phylogeny. Most strains were assembled in the genus Paraburkholderia, including Paraburkholderia sabiae and Pa. nodosa. Mesorhizobium (alpha-rhizobia) and Cupriavidus (beta-rhizobia) were also isolated, but in smaller proportions. Multilocus sequence analysis and BOX-PCR analyses indicated that six clusters of Paraburkholderia represent potential new species. In the phylogenetic analysis of the nodC gene, the majority of the strains were positioned in the same groups as in the 16S rRNA-recA tree, indicative of stability and vertical inheritance, but we also identified horizontal transfer of nodC in Pa. sabiae. All alpha- and beta-rhizobial species were trapped by both legumes, although preferences of the host plants for specific rhizobial species have been observed

Manejo integrado da ferrugem e melhoramento genético da cultura da soja: novos desafios.

Como responsável pela área de Novos Usos para Produtos Agrícolas (2002-2004), no Labex-EUA identificamos a tecnologia da tinta gráfica à base de óleo de soja do USDA/ARS, obtida de matéria prima renovável e biodegradável. Para agregar valor a soja aprovamos um projeto MP-3 (setembro de 2008 a 2010) , cujo objetivo é produzir tintas gráficas à base de óleo de soja refinado e óleo residual do descarte de frituras, compatíveis em qualidade e custo com as tintas convencionais. A tinta produzida em laboratório e em escala industrial, será avaliada em indústrias gráficas, e será promovida pela mídia em jornais de grande circulação. Para o desenvolvimento do projeto contamos com a consultoria da detentora da patente da tecnologia no USDA/ARS/NCAUR nos Estados Unidos, além da parceria com a UNB, a UFAL e a Indústria de Tintas Killing S/A no Rio Grande do Sul. Nos Estados Unidos existem mais de 100 fabricantes dessas tintas gráficas, e jornais como Los Angeles Times e Santo Antonio Express News são impressos com essa tinta dentre outros. A soja é o principal produto agrícola da balança comercial brasileira, que além de fonte para alimentação humana e animal, também é matéria-prima renovável para aplicações industriais em biodiesel, tintas, revestimentos, lubrificantes, plásticos e compósitos. A preservação ambiental demanda tecnologias ?limpas?, compatíveis com as tecnologias que utilizam fontes não renováveis e o Brasil, como produtor de matérias primas renováveis (óleos vegetais), tem papel importante no cenário internacional de proteção ambiental