A preliminary investigation of short-term cytokine expression in gingival crevicular fluid secondary to high-level orthodontic forces and the associated root resorption: case series analytical study

Background: Orthodontically induced iatrogenic root resorption (OIIRR) is an unavoidable inflammatory process. Several factors claimed to be related to the severity of OIIRR. Orthodontic forces cause micro-trauma to the periodontal ligament and activate a cascade of cellular events associated with local periodontal inflammation. The purpose of this split-mouth study were (1) to investigate the changes in cytokine profile in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) secondary to heavy orthodontic forces and (2) to compare the cytokine expression between participants showing high and low root resorption. Methods: Eight participants requiring maxillary first premolar extractions involved in this study. The teeth on the tested side (TS) received 225 g of controlled buccal tipping force for 28 days, while the contralateral teeth act as a control (CS). GCF was collected from both TS and CS teeth at 0 h (prior to application of force) and 3 h, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days and 28 days after the application of force, and analysed with multiplex bead immunoassay to determine the cytokine levels. Results: Statistically significant temporal increase was found in the TS teeth for tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) at 3 h and 28 days (p = 0.01). Interleukin 7 (IL-7) significantly peaked at the 28th day. Comparing cytokine profile for participants with high and low root resorption (>0.35 and <0.15 mm3, respectively), the levels of GM-CSF was significantly greater in low root resorption cases (p < 0.05). The amounts of root resorption which craters on mesial, distal surfaces and middle third region were significant in the TS teeth (p < 0.05). Conclusions: IL-7 and TNF-α (pro-resorptive cytokine) increased significantly secondary to a high-level of orthodontic force application. Significantly high levels of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (anti-resorptive cytokine) were detected in mild root resorption cases secondary to high-level orthodontic force application. A future long-term randomised clinical trial with larger sample taking in consideration gender, age and growth pattern distribution would be recommended

Trauma-related giant Spigelian hernia: A case report

Spigelian hernia is a rare entity and includes 0.1-2% of all abdominal wall hernias. Trauma is a rare cause of SH. To our knowledge, there are only five cases of trauma-related Spigelian hernia that have been reported in the literature. The current study reports a case of the largest spigelian hernia with trauma-related and adds the sixth case to the literature. The physical examination and imaging findings is supported spigelian hernia. A hernia sac of approximately 27 x 18 cm was identified. The hernia sac was opened, and it was observed that the hernia sac contained the omentum, small intestines and the sigmoid colon. The defect extended from the left lumbal region to the left inguinal area up to the pubic bone. The maximum size of the abdominal defect was 13 x 17 cm. For abdominal defect repair, a 30 x 30 cm monofilamented polypropylene mesh (sublay) was placed submuscularly beneath the fascia. Post-operative period was uneventful. Trauma constitutes an etiological factor in the formation of spigelian hernia. We believe that standardization criteria is necessary for the term giant spigelian hernia, so this will provide the more accurate results

Effect of Dosage and Type of Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin on Hepatitis Antibody Levels in Liver Transplant Recipients

PubMedID: 28340836Background The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of dosage and type (intramuscular [IM] vs intravenous [IV]) of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) on hepatitis antibody level in liver transplant recipients. Methods Between September 2000 and August 2016, patients who underwent orthotropic liver transplantation for chronic liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) were retrospectively reviewed from a prospectively maintained database. The analyses of risk factors for postoperative short- and long-term anti-hepatitis B surface antibody levels (as classified level I: 0 to 100 U; II: 100 to 500 U; III: 500 to 1000 U; IV: >1000 U) were performed based on demographic characteristics, hepatitis B envelope antigen, hepatitis B core antibody, HBV DNA, delta antigen, HBIG administration dosage during unhepatic phase (5000 or 10,000 I/U; IM or IV), and type of administration in post-transplant period. Patients who were followed for less than 12 months were excluded from long-term analysis. Results The mean follow-up of 58 orthotropic liver transplant patients was 72 (±45) months. No adverse events were observed during both IM and IV type of administration. Compared with IM type, IV administration was associated with a significantly higher HBV antibody level in the short term (for IM and IV: level I: 24% vs 6%; II: 49% vs 18%; III: 12% vs 35%; IV: 15% vs 41%, respectively, P =.007). In the long term, IV administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) was reported as the sole factor causing higher antibody level (P =.002). Longer follow-up was associated with decreased levels of anti-hepatitis B surface antibody. Conclusion IV HBIG administration in preoperative anhepatic phase and postoperative prophylaxis is associated with higher antibody level both the short and long term without any adverse event. © 2017 Elsevier Inc

The prognostic value of pro-calcitonin, CRP and thyroid hormones in secondary peritonitis: A single-center prospective study [Sekonder peritonitte prokalsitonin, CRP ve tiroit hormonlarının prognostik değeri; ileriye yönelik çalışma]

PubMedID: 25541846Background: Infections and sepsis remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in secondary peritonitis. Clinicians are still challenged with the task of finding an early and reliable diagnosis of septic complications. The role of inflammatory markers (Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive Protein (CRP) and thyroid hormones in determining the severity of secondary peritonitis was evaluated in this study.Methods: On the preoperative and first, third, fifth, seventh, and fourteenth postoperative days, PCT, CRP, and thyroid hormone concentrations were measured in serum taken from eighty-four consecutive patients who were operated on for secondary peritonitis between January 2008 and January 2010. All data was entered and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 15.0 and clinical parameters were compared using the student’s t-test.Results: For the groups diagnosed with perforated viscus, PCT concentrations were significantly low in contrast to high thyroid hormone levels in patients who developed postoperative complications or died when compared to patients whose postoperative course was uneventful or discharged. The PCT concentration significantly correlated with the CRP concentration and WBC count.Conclusion: In the absence of postoperative complications, PCT is a better predictor of outcome than CRP in secondary peritonitis. Our study showed that a low thyroid hormone level can serve as an important prognostic parameter of disease severity in secondary peritonitis. © 2014, TJTES

Synthesis, cytotoxicity activity and acute toxicity evaluation of Primin analogues 3 and 6 alkyl-substituted

Foram obtidos análogos estruturais da primina via alquilação regioseletiva do composto 2-metoxihidroquinona. Compostos 3 e 6-alquil-2-metoxibenzoquinonas foram obtidos e submetidos a testes pré- clínicos com culturas de células. Testes in vivo para verificação da DL50 também foram realizados. Entre os compostos testados, o composto 6-metil-2-metoxi-1,4-benzoquinona apresentou maior atividade frente as células KB, DI50 =0,27 µg/ml. O teste de toxicidade aguda revelou que os novos compostos são menos tó- xicos que o protótipo, a primina, uma vez que a DL50 ficou entre 80-50 mg/Kg.3- and 6-alkyl-2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone derivatives primin analogues, were obtained by regioselective alkylation of 2-methoxyhydroquinone compounds. Tests were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity activity with continuous chain KB cells (epidermoide carcinoma of the floor of the mouth). In this series 6- methyl-2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone was the most active that showed the highest inhibition on KB cells (DI50 = 0.27 µg/ml). All tested compounds were less toxic that primin (LD50 = 14 mg/Kg) precursory, in vivo tests of new compounds revealed a LD50 betwen 80-50 mg/Kg.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Synthesis, cytotoxicity activity and acute toxicity evaluation of Primin analogues 3 and 6 alkyl-substituted

Foram obtidos análogos estruturais da primina via alquilação regioseletiva do composto 2-metoxihidroquinona. Compostos 3 e 6-alquil-2-metoxibenzoquinonas foram obtidos e submetidos a testes pré- clínicos com culturas de células. Testes in vivo para verificação da DL50 também foram realizados. Entre os compostos testados, o composto 6-metil-2-metoxi-1,4-benzoquinona apresentou maior atividade frente as células KB, DI50 =0,27 µg/ml. O teste de toxicidade aguda revelou que os novos compostos são menos tó- xicos que o protótipo, a primina, uma vez que a DL50 ficou entre 80-50 mg/Kg.3- and 6-alkyl-2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone derivatives primin analogues, were obtained by regioselective alkylation of 2-methoxyhydroquinone compounds. Tests were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity activity with continuous chain KB cells (epidermoide carcinoma of the floor of the mouth). In this series 6- methyl-2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone was the most active that showed the highest inhibition on KB cells (DI50 = 0.27 µg/ml). All tested compounds were less toxic that primin (LD50 = 14 mg/Kg) precursory, in vivo tests of new compounds revealed a LD50 betwen 80-50 mg/Kg.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire