Effects of sowing date on the growth and yield of maize cultivars (Zea mays L.) and the growth temperature requirements

A field experiment was conducted to analyze the relationship between growing degree days, yield and yield components of maize cultivars. Five maize cultivars (SC 108, SC 301, SC 604, SC 704 and TVG) were sown on four different dates during summer in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements with three replications. Maize cultivars exhibited significant differences on yield, weight of 100 seeds, biological yield and harvest index. The best hybrid SC 704 accumulated growing degree days (GDD) and was the highest for seed yield and all yield components. The plant sown on 5th August, accumulated suitable GDD and produced the highest seed yield, biological yield and harvest index. Generally, 5th August plantation accumulated more suitable GDD in comparison with the other sowing dates (6th July, 21st July and 20th August), as such, it exhibited higher seed yield, biological yield and harvest index. The results show that SC 704 had the highest biological yield, seed yield and harvest index. This hybrid received the highest quantity of GDD as compared to other cultivars thus, suggesting the use of SC 704 and sowing on the 5th of August in Sistan region.Keywords: Growing degree days, harvest index, seed and biological yield, sowing dat

The effect of polythene colour container and three spawn rates on production of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom

To study the effect of polythene colour container and spawn rates on mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus),  experiment was carried out to investigate the cultivation on barely straws substrate. This cultivation system  can improve the economic status of the farmer. Field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture,  University of Zabol during 2011 growing season. Experiment was carried out as factorial and based on  completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Factors were different colour of polythene  container (blue, yellow, transparent and green) and various levels of spawn (2.5, 4 and 5% wet weight  substrate bases). There was significant difference in the yields from different spawn and colour of container  maximum yield (weight of fresh mushrooms harvested at maturity) was obtained in 5% spawn rate (1248 g/2 kg wet substrate). Between colour polythene containers; maximum yield was obtained in green colour  polythene (1366 g/2 kg wet substrate). The least of yield mushrooms were obtained from 2.5 % spawn rate  and cultivation of mushroom in blue polythene container. It was concluded that the mushroom should be  cultivated in green polythene bags under 5% spawn rate to achieve higher productivity.Key words: Mushroom, spawn rates, yield, colour bags

Effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the growth and calyx yield of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

Yield study was carried out during the 2006 summer season in the field of Research Institute, University of Zabol at Sistan (latitude 30°54’ N and longitude 61°41’E). The goal of the study was to evaluate the reaction of roselle cultivar to different chemical fertilizers alone or in combination with organic manure. Ten fertilization treatments were used for this study (mineral fertilizer, hen manure, cattle manure, ostrich manure, mineral fertilizer plus hen manure, mineral fertilizer plus cattle manure, mineral fertilizer plus ostrich manure, hen manure plus cattle manure, hen manure plus ostrich manure and ostrich manure plus cattle manure). Rates of NPK fertilizers were 300, 200 and 200 Kg ha-1, respectively and organic manure included cattle, hen and ostrich manures with combination of others. This study was done in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) arrangement with three replications. Application of ostrich in addition to hen manure significantly (P<0.05) increased plant height, branch number/plant, weight of dry stem and calyx yield compared with other treatments but did not show significant difference in number of pods of roselle. Calyx yield of 1.6 t/ha was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to other manure. The highest of calyx yield was obtained by using ostrich plus hen manure compared to other organic manures. Results of this study indicate that maximum calyx yield of roselle is grown when ostrich plus hen manure is used.Keywords: Roselle, mineral and organic fertilizer, growth, calyx yiel

Large Pulmonary Bullae, Resulting from Tuberculosis, in the Context of Extensive Pneumothorax Caused by a Penetrating Chest Wound

Pulmonary bullae typically occur either idiopathically or in the context of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary infections. Clinical manifestations of pulmonary bullae include cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain. In some cases, they may be asymptomatic. Differentiating between pneumothorax and pulmonary bullae can be challenging when they coexist. Therefore, obtaining a detailed patient history, conducting a physical examination, performing laboratory tests, and utilizing radiology studies are essential diagnostic tools that should be employed simultaneously. In this case report, we present a patient who developed a wide pneumothorax due to a penetrating chest wound caused by a knife. Initially, the large lung cavity, which had already formed due to tuberculosis, was misdiagnosed as a loculated pneumothorax

The Effectiveness of Zolpidem in Improving Consciousness in Patients with Acute Brain Injury

Background: Disorders of consciousness, including the vegetative state (VS) and the minimally conscious state (MCS) following brain damage and various complications for the patient, also have economic and social consequences. However, there is still no definitive or effective treatment for this condition. However, there is still no definitive or effective treatment for this condition. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of zolpidem in improving consciousness in patients with acute brain injury. Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was performed from 2020 to 2021 after obtaining the necessary permissions from Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Eighty patients with acute brain injury who met the study inclusion criteria were recruited and randomized into zolpidem and placebo groups. In the zolpidem group, 10 mg zolpidem tablets were gavage twice daily. In the placebo group, a placebo tablet with the same appearance as zolpidem was gavage twice daily for 14 days. The consciousness level of patients was measured daily until the outcome (ICU discharge or expiration) was established. Eventually, a comparative data analysis was conducted to determine zolpidem's efficacy in enhancing consciousness, reducing mechanical ventilation duration, and improving patient outcomes. Results: The mean GCS score in the zolpidem group was 6.1±2.4 on admission and 11.6±3.8 at the end of the study, compared to 5.9±1.7 on admission and 11.3±2.8 at the end of the study, for the placebo group (p=0.154 and p=0.211, respectively). The mean duration of mechanical ventilation was 24.41±9.14 days in the zolpidem group and 23.16±10.72 days in the placebo group (P=0.529). Twenty-eight patients in the zolpidem group were discharged from ICU, and 12 expired. For the placebo group, 26 patients were discharged from ICU, while 14 were expired (p=0.87). No statistically significant difference was found in any of the measured variables between the two groups. Conclusion: The results have shown that zolpidem administration had no statistically significant effect on improving the level of consciousness and reducing mechanical ventilation duration and clinical outcomes in acute brain injury patients

The effect of polythene colour container and three spawn rates on production of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom

To study the effect of polythene colour container and spawn rates on mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), experiment was carried out to investigate the cultivation on barely straws substrate. This cultivation system can improve the economic status of the farmer. Field experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, University of Zabol during 2011 growing season. Experiment was carried out as factorial and based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Factors were different colour of polythene container (blue, yellow, transparent and green) and various levels of spawn (2.5, 4 and 5% wet weight substrate bases). There was significant difference in the yields from different spawn and colour of container maximum yield (weight of fresh mushrooms harvested at maturity) was obtained in 5% spawn rate (1248 g/2 kg wet substrate). Between colour polythene containers; maximum yield was obtained in green colour polythene (1366 g/2 kg wet substrate). The least of yield mushrooms were obtained from 2.5 % spawn rate and cultivation of mushroom in blue polythene container. It was concluded that the mushroom should be cultivated in green polythene bags under 5% spawn rate to achieve higher productivity.Key words: Mushroom, spawn rates, yield, colour bags

THE PHENOMENON OF TRAFFICKING GOODS AND ITS IMPACT ON CULTURE AND ECONOMY OF SOCIETY IN THE PRESENT AGE

Abstract. In this research prepared by descriptive-analytical method of documents and library-internet tool and mentioned as "The Impact of Trafficking in Goods on Economics and Culture", the trafficking of goods, which is referred to as an ominous phenomenon, has a negative impact on the economy of culture and security of the country. The negative consequences and the various and harmful aspects of this phenomenon are so important that failure to pay attention to it causes harmful social and economic effects and follows various consequences which in this paper it is referred after examining the concept of trafficking goods. The results of this research show that it is necessary to review the variables of the main domains of economy and culture in the country in order to create the economic and social order and the lack of change in the culture of society in the country in order to guarantee the objective of investmentand growth in the country's economy and culture.Keywords: trafficking goods, economy, culture, society, government, people

A developed combined control method for induction machine drives based on PWM

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to develop a combined control (CC) technique based on the direct torque control (DTC) strategy and vector control (VC) method, to improve the overall performance of a three-phase induction machine (TPIM) drives. Design/methodology/approach: The proposed control scheme includes a table-based DTC strategy in connection with a proportional-integral-sliding mode controller and pulse width modulation switching strategy. The control system has merits of DTC technique such as simple structure, less dependent on machine parameters, fast dynamic response and merits of VC technique such as high accuracy and constant switching frequency. Findings: To validate the effectiveness of the proposed control system, simulation and experimental studies are carried out for a 0.75 kW TPIM in different operating conditions. The achieved results show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of fast dynamics and simple structure compared to the VC strategy and low speed and torque ripples and constant switching frequency compared to the DTC method. Originality/value: Compared to the conventional CC strategies, the control law of the proposed method is based on DTC theory and modulation is established based on VC. In other words, the variable switching frequency which is one of the main disadvantages of the conventional CC strategies is rectified using the proposed CC scheme

Interaction effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on nitrogen mineralization of wheat residues in a calcareous soil

Because of the high pH of the soil in semiarid regions, phosphorus adsorption is unfavorable. So, considerable amounts of phosphorus fertilizers are used annually, where this fertilizer may affect the plant residues' decomposition. To examine the interaction effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on nitrogen mineralization in calcareous soil, a factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor consisted of various C:N ratios (20, 40, and 60 or three levels of nitrogen N-1:0, N-2:11, and N-3:43 kg N ha(-1), respectively) and the second factor consisted of various C:P ratios (87, 174, and 260 or three levels of phosphorus P-1:0, P-2:12, and P-3:45 kg P ha(-1), respectively), under incubation conditions. The results indicated that the cumulative mineral nitrogen content in all treatments, except for N1P2 and N1P3 treatments, started from a positive amount and remained positive until the end of the incubation period. The highest amount of cumulative mineral nitrogen among treatments was related to N3P1 treatment, while the lowest was associated with N2P3 treatment. Mineralization of nitrogen during 60 d of incubation was the dominant phenomenon, except for the N1P2 and N1P3 treatments which remained in the organic phase. The effect of phosphorus on the cumulative mineralization of nitrogen was significant. With increasing the amount of phosphorus, the total inorganic nitrogen diminished. Nitrogen release begins earlier with lower C:N ratios, and therefore the available nitrogen can be released more quickly to the plant. It is generally concluded that, in calcareous soil, the use of nitrogen fertilizer to adjust C:N ratio and to improve the mineralization of wheat residues will be a suitable option.12 month embargo; published online: 13 Sep 2019This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Intracranial metastases of intramedullary spinal cord low-grade astrocytoma

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