Zpracování Realizačního programu ČR pro biodegradabilní odpady se zaměřením na odpady ze zemědělství‚ zahradnictví‚ rybářství‚ myslivosti‚ zpracování dřeva

Realizační program je rozdělen do částí: 1. Způsoby nakládání s odpady v zemědělství. 2. Vyhodnocení a rozpracování provedené SWOT analýzy současného stavu nakládání s BRO. 3. Technicko-ekonomická analýza současného stavu nakládání s BRO (současné a plánované kapacity zařízení pro nakládání s BRO, základní technicko-ekonomické údaje o nakládání s BRO, databázový informační systém, technicko-ekonomická analýza možností využití bioplynu v podmínkách ČR). 4. Postupy vedoucí ke snižování hlavních rizik při nakládání s BRO (prevence a souběžná minimalizace zdravotních rizik při nakládání s biodegradabilním odpadem v rámci Realizačního programu ČR pro BRO, rizika, spojená s kompostováním rybničního bahna a lesních odpadů. 5. Environmentální přijatelnost stavu nakládání s biologicky rozložitelnými odpady (současně platná česká legislativa týkající, se ochrany životního prostředí ve vztahu k problematice nakládání s BRO, zejména potom jejich zpracovávání kompostováním, sociální faktory v odpadovém hospodářství). 6. Vzorové příklady nakládání s odpady dané komodity v ČR, státech EU apod. (vzorová zařízení, zpracovávající BRO v ČR). 7. Opatření, vedoucí k dosažení cílů POH ČR v oblasti nakládání s BRO, prostřednictvím nástrojů z oblasti legislativní, administrativní, ekonomické, dobrovolné apod. (současné legislativní, administrativní, ekonomické a ostatní nástroje, návrhy nových nástrojů a opatření, vedoucích k dosažení cílů POH ČR v oblasti nakládání s BRO)

Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Levels and Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients

The study aimed at assessing the potential use of lower total and HMW adiponectin levels for predicting cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concentrations of total adiponectin or high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin decrease in association with the development of metabolic dysfunction such as obesity, insulin resistance, or T2DM. Increased adiponectin levels are associated with a lower risk for coronary heart disease. A total of 551 individuals were assessed. The first group comprised metabolically healthy participants (143 females, and 126 males) and the second group were T2DM patients (164 females, and 118 males). Both total adiponectin and HMW adiponectin in diabetic patients were significantly lower when compared with the group of metabolically healthy individuals. There was a weak monotonic correlation between HMW adiponectin levels and triglycerides levels. Binary logistic regression analysis, gender adjusted, showed a higher cardiovascular risk in diabetic persons when both total adiponectin (OR = 1.700) and HMW adiponectin (OR = 2.785) levels were decreased. A decrease in total adiponectin levels as well as a decrease in its HMW adiponectin is associated with a higher cardiovascular risk in individuals with T2DM. This association suggests that adiponectin levels may be potentially used as an epidemiological marker for cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients

Comprehensive assessment of nephrotoxicity of intravenously administered sodium-oleate-coated ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in rats

As a main excretory organ, kidney is predisposed to direct/indirect injury. We addressed the potential nephrotoxic effects following expositions of healthy rats to nanoparticle (NP) loads relevant to humans in a situation of 100% bioavailability. Up to 4 weeks after administration, a single iv bolus of oleate-coated ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (in dose of 0.1%, 1.0% and 10.0% of LD50) or TiO2 NPs (1.0% of LD50) did not elicit decline in renal function, damage to proximal tubules, alterations in: renal histology or expression of pro-inflammatory/ pro-fibrotic genes, markers of systemic or local renal micro-inflammation or oxidative damage. Antioxidant enzyme activities in renal cortex, mildly elevated at 24 h, completely restored at later time points. Data obtained by multifaceted approach enable the prediction of human nephrotoxicity during preclinical studies, and may serve as comparison for alternative testing strategies using in vitro and in silico methods essential for the NP-nephrotoxicity risk assessment

Vaccination of healthcare personnel in Europe: update to current policies

We investigated and compared current national vaccination policies for health-care personnel (HCP) in Europe with results from our previous survey. Data from 36 European countries were collected using the same methodology as in 2011. National policies for HCP immunization were in place in all countries. There were significant differences in terms of number of vaccinations, target HCP and healthcare settings, and implementation regulations (recommended or mandatory vaccinations). Vaccination policies against hepatitis B and seasonal influenza were present in 35 countries each. Policies for vaccination of HCP against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella existed in 28, 24, 25 and 19 countries, respectively; and against tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis and poliomyelitis in 21, 20, 19, and 18 countries, respectively. Recommendations for hepatitis A immunization existed in 17 countries, and against meningococcus B, meningococcus C, meningococcus A, C, W, Y, and tuberculosis in 10, 8, 17, and 7 countries, respectively. Mandatory vaccination policies were found in 13 countries and were a pre-requisite for employment in ten. Comparing the vaccination programs of the 30 European countries that participated in the 2011 survey, we found that more countries had national vaccination policies against measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis A, diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, pertussis, meningococcus C and/or meningococcus A, C, W, Y; and more of these implemented mandatory vaccination policies for HCP. In conclusion, European countries now have more comprehensive national vaccination programs for HCP, however there are still gaps. Given the recent large outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases in Europe and the occupational risk for HCP, vaccination policies need to be expanded and strengthened in several European countries. Overall, vaccination policies for HCP in Europe should be periodically re-evaluated in order to provide optimal protection against vaccine-preventable diseases and infection control within healthcare facilities for HCP and patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio