97 research outputs found
Low birth weight and associated factors among singleton neonates born at Felege Hiwot referral hospital, North West Ethiopia
Background: Low birth weight is one of the public health problems in
the globe and it is an indicator of the health of the newborn survival
and the mother\u2019s nutrition and health status. This study was
aimed to determine the prevalence of low birth weight and its
associated factors among mothers who gave birth at Bahir Dar Felege
Hiwot referral hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional facility based
study was conducted from March 18 to May 18 / 2015. A total of 662
mothers were included in the study.The data was entered and analyzed
using SPSS version 20 software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic
regression was used to identify factors associated with low birth
weight. Results: The prevalence of low birth weight was found to be
11.6%. Age of the mothers (20-34 years) AOR= 0.4(95% CI: 0.19-0.93),
low income AOR=2.6 (95%CI: 1.16-6.05), gestational age < 37 weeks
AOR=18.2 (95% CI:9.26-35.94), MUAC<23 cm AOR =3.4 (95%CI:1.38-8.60)
and pregnancy induced hypertension AOR=6.5 (95%CI:3.06-14.0) were
factors associated with low birth weight. Conclusion: The prevalence of
low birth weight was in line with WHO estimate for sub-Saharan Africa.
Nutritional counseling and early detection and management of pregnancy
induced hypertension is recommended
Perceived stigma and associated factors among people with epilepsy at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional institution based study
Background: Epilepsy is the world’s most common neurological disorder, affecting approximately 69 million people worldwide. Perceived stigma affects many domains of the lives of people with epilepsy. However, in Ethiopia there is dearth of study on perceived stigma specifically among people with epilepsy.Objective: To assess the prevalence of perceived stigma and associated factors among people with epilepsy (PWE) attending the outpatient department of the University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2014.Methods: Institution based quantitative cross - sectional study was employed among 408 individuals people with epilepsy. Single population proportion formula was used utilized to calculate sample size. The participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Perceived stigma was measured using by the modified Family Interview Schedule (FIS) tool. Binary logistic regression analysis and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were used to identify the associated factors with perceived stigma..Results: Overall, the prevalence of perceived stigma was found to be 71.6%. Marital status [single (AOR = 0.23, CI: 0.25, 0.90), widowed ( AOR = 0.37, CI: 0.15, 0.90) duration of illness [2-5 years (AOR = 4.38, CI:1.98,9.62, 6-10 years (AOR =4.29, CI:1.90,9.64, ≥11 years (AOR = 4.31,CI:1.84,10.00) and seizure frequency of [1- 11per year (AOR=2.34, CI:2.21,3.56), ≥1per month (AOR = 5.63, CI:3.42,10.32)] were factors associated with perceived stigma.Conclusion: Overall, the prevalence of perceived stigma was found to be high. Marital status, long duration of illness and seizure frequency were factors associated with perceived stigma.Keywords: Northwest Ethiopia, epilepsy, perceived stigm
Alcohol use related injury in Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Alcohol-related violence resulting in injury is a global public health problem and Africa is no exception. In the country of Ethiopia, there is a lack of statistical evidence regarding this issue. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence prevalence of alcohol-related violence and injury and its associative factors. Hospital based crosssectional research method was employed from January to June 30, 2014. The source population and study population were all interpersonal violence injured patients in the emergency department of University of Gondar Hospital. Data were collected using injury surveillance guidelines developed by the World Health Organization. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify the presence and strength of association. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of significance. A total of 395 participants were involved in the study. The proportion of ARVI was found to be 119 (30.1%); gender, poor behavioral control and poor family functioning were found to be independently associated with alcohol-related interpersonal violence injury. The prevalence of alcohol-related violence and injury is high in Ethiopia. There is an urgent need to step up health advocacy with respect to reducing alcohol consumption in the country.Keywords: Alcohol, Emergency Department, injury, violenc
Late ART Initiation among adult HIV patients at university of Gondar Hospital, NorthWest Ethiopia
Introduction: Late initiation of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is
associated with low immunologic response, increase morbidity, mortality
and hospitalization. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the
prevalence and factors associated with late ART initiation among adult
HIV patients in NorthWest Ethiopia. Methods: Retrospective
cross-sectional study was conducted among 412 HIV patients who started
ART between January/2009 and December/2014. Simple random sampling
technique was used to select patient records. Data were collected by
using pre-tested and structured extraction tool. Binary logistic
regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with late
ART initiation. Result: A total of 410 participants were included for
analysis after excluding 2 participants with incomplete data. The
prevalence of late ART initiation was 67.3%. Age between 35-44
years(AOR=3.85; 95%CI:1.68-8.82), duration between testing and
enrollment to care<1year (AOR=2.19;95%CI:1.30-3.69), secondary
education (AOR=2.59; 95%CI 1.36-4.94), teritary education(AOR=3.28;
95%CI 1.25-8.64), being unmarried(AOR=1.88; 95%CI 1.13-3.03), bedridden
and ambulatory patients (AOR=4.68 95%CI:1.49-14.68), other medication
use before ART initiation(AOR=2.18; 95%CI 1.07-4.44), starting ART
between 2009-2010 (AOR=5.94; 95%CI 2.74-12.87) and 2011-2012(AOR=2.80;
95%CI 1.31-5.96) were significantly associated with late ART initation
at p-value <0.05. Conclusion: The prevalence of late ART initiation
was high. Strengthening the mechanisms of early HIV testing and linkage
to care are recommended to initiate treatment earlier
Perceived stigma and associated factors among people with epilepsy at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional institution based study
Background: Epilepsy is the world\u2019s most common neurological
disorder, affecting approximately 69 million people worldwide.
Perceived stigma affects many domains of the lives of people with
epilepsy. However, in Ethiopia there is dearth of study on perceived
stigma specifically among people with epilepsy. Objective: To assess
the prevalence of perceived stigma and associated factors among people
with epilepsy (PWE) attending the outpatient department of the
University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2014. Methods:
Institution based quantitative cross - sectional study was employed
among 408 individuals people with epilepsy. Single population
proportion formula was used utilized to calculate sample size. The
participants were selected using systematic random sampling technique.
Perceived stigma was measured using by the modified Family Interview
Schedule (FIS) tool. Binary logistic regression analysis and adjusted
odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were used to identify the
associated factors with perceived stigma.. Results: Overall, the
prevalence of perceived stigma was found to be 71.6%. Marital status
[single (AOR = 0.23, CI: 0.25, 0.90), widowed ( AOR = 0.37, CI: 0.15,
0.90) duration of illness [2-5 years (AOR = 4.38, CI:1.98,9.62, 6-10
years (AOR =4.29, CI:1.90,9.64, 6511 years (AOR =
4.31,CI:1.84,10.00) and seizure frequency of [1- 11per year (AOR=2.34,
CI:2.21,3.56), 651per month (AOR = 5.63, CI:3.42,10.32)] were
factors associated with perceived stigma. Conclusion: Overall, the
prevalence of perceived stigma was found to be high. Marital status,
long duration of illness and seizure frequency were factors associated
with perceived stigma
Effective Clinical Teaching Behaviors Views of Nursing Students and Nurse Educators at University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Institution Based Study
Introduction: Clinical teaching behavior is a critical determinant for quality of clinical learning. Nursing students’ and instructor’s perception of effective clinical teaching behavior (ECTB) is important to modify and facilitate clinical education. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to assess the effective clinical teaching behavior (ECTB) as perceived by students and nursing instructors. Methods: Facility based cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among 178 participants. Data were collected using pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire. Effective clinical teaching behaviors were measured by Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory. Data were analyzed using descriptive and independent sample t-test. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval computed to determine the level of significance. Results: The most important rated ECTB as perceived by students was teaching ability. For instructors, nursing competences was the most rated ECTB. The overall mean of ECTBs of the students and instructors were 4.26 (0.52) and 3.52 (0.74) respectively. There was statistically significant mean difference between them (t = 5.888). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant mean difference between the students' and instructors’ perception of ECTBs. Thus, authors suggest nursing instructors to consider the presence of students who prefers different teaching methods
The COVID-19 pandemic and healthcare systems in Africa:A scoping review of preparedness, impact and response
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed health systems in both developed and developing nations alike. Africa has one of the weakest health systems globally, but there is limited evidence on how the region is prepared for, impacted by and responded to the pandemic. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL to search peer-reviewed articles and Google, Google Scholar and preprint sites for grey literature. The scoping review captured studies on either preparedness or impacts or responses associated with COVID-19 or covering one or more of the three topics and guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework. The extracted information was documented following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension checklist for scoping reviews. Finally, the resulting data were thematically analysed. RESULTS: Twenty-two eligible studies, of which 6 reported on health system preparedness, 19 described the impacts of COVID-19 on access to general and essential health services and 7 focused on responses taken by the healthcare systems were included. The main setbacks in health system preparation included lack of available health services needed for the pandemic, inadequate resources and equipment, and limited testing ability and surge capacity for COVID-19. Reduced flow of patients and missing scheduled appointments were among the most common impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health system responses identified in this review included the availability of telephone consultations, re-purposing of available services and establishment of isolation centres, and provisions of COVID-19 guidelines in some settings. CONCLUSIONS: The health systems in Africa were inadequately prepared for the pandemic, and its impact was substantial. Responses were slow and did not match the magnitude of the problem. Interventions that will improve and strengthen health system resilience and financing through local, national and global engagement should be prioritised
The COVID-19 pandemic and healthcare systems in Africa : a scoping review of preparedness, impact and response
Funding Information: Funding GAT was supported with funding from the Australia National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Investigator Grant #1195716.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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