Neutrino experiments in Physics Department of Rome Sapienza University

This paper describes the history of experimental neutrino physics in the physics department of Rome Sapienza Universit

History of accelerator neutrino beams

Neutrino beams obtained from proton accelerators were first operated in 1962. Since then, neutrino beams have been intensively used in particle physics and evolved in many different ways. We describe the characteristics of various neutrino beams, relating them to the historical development of the physics studies and discoveries. We also discuss some of the ideas still under consideration for future neutrino beams.Comment: 37 pages, 15 figure

The K2K SciBar Detector

A new near detector, SciBar, for the K2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation expe riment was installed to improve the measurement of neutrino energy spectrum and to study neutrino interactions in the energy region around 1 GeV. SciBar is a 'fully active' tracking detector with fine segmentation consisting of plastic scintillator bars. The detector was constructed in summer 2003 and is taking data since October 2003. The basic design and initial performance is presented.Comment: 7 pages, 4figures, Contributed to Proceedings of the 10th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation, Vienna, February 16-21, 200

Measurement of charm production in neutrino charged-current interactions

The nuclear emulsion target of the CHORUS detector was exposed to the wide-band neutrino beam of the CERN SPS of 27 GeV average neutrino energy from 1994 to 1997. In total about 100000 charged-current neutrino interactions with at least one identified muon were located in the emulsion target and fully reconstructed, using newly developed automated scanning systems. Charmed particles were searched for by a program recognizing particle decays. The observation of the decay in nuclear emulsion makes it possible to select a sample with very low background and minimal kinematical bias. 2013 charged-current interactions with a charmed hadron candidate in the final state were selected and confirmed through visual inspection. The charm production rate induced by neutrinos relative to the charged-current cross-section is measured to be sigma(nu_mu N -> mu- C X)/sigma(CC) = (5.75 +-0.32 stat +-0.30 syst)%. The charm production cross-section as a function of the neutrino energy is also obtained. The results are in good agreement with previous measurements. The charm-quark hadronization produces the following charmed hadrons with relative fractions (in %): f_Dzero = 43.7+-4.5, f_Lambda_c^plus = 19.2+-4.2, f_Dplus = 25.3+-4.2, and f_D_splus = 11.8+-4.7.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure

Measurement of the Weinberg angle in neutrino interactions

Neutrino physics with high energy neutrino beams has played a crucial role in establishing the Standard Model of the electroweak interaction, in particular with repeated measurements of increasing precision of the fundamental parameter sin2 θW which defines the electroweak mixing. This paper relates the history of these measurements, from the discovery of the neutral current interaction in 1973 until the latest high precision measurements in the years 2000. The review discusses in chronological order the important experiments performed at CERN, Fermilab and Brookhaven during the last thirty years of the 20th century

The High Resolution Calorimeter of CHORUS Experiment.

The CHORUS Collaboration is presently building a new detector for the search of vμ−vτ oscillations on the CERN neutrino beam, this experiment being sensitive to a mixing angle an order of magnitude smaller than previous experiments. The basic components of the CHORUS “hybrid” detector are an active target made of nuclear emulsions (for the direct observation of the decay of τ-leptons), an air-core spectrometer with scintillating fiber tracking, a lead-scintillator (fibers and strips) calorimeter (with μ-tracking provided by planes of limited streamer tubes) and a muon spectrometer, consisting of iron toroids and drift chambers. We report here on the design of the calorimeter and on the tests performed on prototype modules

Search for Single Photon Direct Production in p+p Collisions at √s=53.2 GeV

We report the results of an experiment made at the CERN ISR to investigate the possible diret production of single photons in pp collisions at √s = 53.2 GeV at 90° and in the pt interval 2.3 to 5.7 GeV/c. The value of the ratio R = nγ/nπ0 is compatible with zero for low pt ⪅ 3 GeV/c but, in spite of the large error, shows a trend to increase for larger pt

Comparison of Direct Photon Production in pp Collision at √s = 30.6 GeV and 53.2 GeV

We present data obtained at the ISR, on the determination of the ratio of photons and pi0 at 30.6 and 53.2 GeV center of mass and we compare the results with our previous measurement at View the MathML source GeV. The ratio View the MathML source integrated over the interval 0.1 ⩽ χT ⩽ 0.2 is (1.6 ± 0.5) × 10−2 and we obtain an indication of a universal χT dependence