FISIOTERAPIA NA CORREÇÃO DAS ALTERAÇÕES POSTURAIS EM PACIENTES COM RESPIRAÇÃO ORAL

A respiração oral caracteriza-se pela substituição do padrão correto de respiração nasal por um padrão de respiração oral ou misto produzindo diversas consequências corporais e sistêmicas como o comprometimento funcional, estrutural, biomecânico e principalmente alterações importantes em relação à postura do indivíduo. A respiração oral pode ser ocasionada por qualquer motivo que impossibilite o indivíduo de respirar pela via nasal, interferindo diretamente na qualidade de vida do mesmo. Este trabalho teve por objetivo através de uma revisão bibliográfica verificar como a fisioterapia pode interferir na correção das alterações posturais dos pacientes com respiração oral. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido através de pesquisas em artigos científicos nos quais relacionaram a atuação da fisioterapia e a reeducação postural sendo desenvolvidas através de planos de tratamentos de fisioterapia. As atividades estabelecidas pelos autores obtiveram resultados positivos em todos os programas de tratamento pertinentes ao tema proposto. Os principais recursos utilizados foram técnicas de Reeducação Postural Global, pompages, alongamentos e fortalecimentos desenvolvidos nas regiões escolhidas para serem trabalhadas com cada indivíduo

Cloning and expression of embryogenesis-regulating genes in Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze (Brazilian Pine)

Angiosperm and gymnosperm plants evolved from a common ancestor about 300 million years ago. Apart from morphological and structural differences in embryogenesis and seed origin, a set of embryogenesis-regulating genes and the molecular mechanisms involved in embryo development seem to have been conserved alike in both taxa. Few studies have covered molecular aspects of embryogenesis in the Brazilian pine, the only economically important native conifer in Brazil. Thus eight embryogenesis-regulating genes, viz., ARGONAUTE 1, CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 1, WUSCHEL-related WOX, S-LOCUS LECTIN PROTEIN KINASE, SCARECROW-like, VICILIN 7S, LEAFY COTYLEDON 1, and REVERSIBLE GLYCOSYLATED POLYPEPTIDE 1, were analyzed through semi-quantitative RT-PCR during embryo development and germination. All the eight were found to be differentially expressed in the various developmental stages of zygotic embryos, seeds and seedling tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first report on embryogenesis-regulating gene expression in members of the Araucariaceae family, as well as in plants with recalcitrant seeds

A diabetes mellitus causa deterioro cognitivo em idosos? Um estudo de revisão

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) refers to a metabolic syndrome, with physical, social and psychological damages for those who had it. The disease has a strong genetic component and is subdivided into Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (DM1) and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2). The DM2 is associated with cognitive deficits and also with functional deficits. Previous research showed that the executive functions in elderly with DM are more impaired than those without this disease. For this reason, this study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review of indexed publications in the last eight years that addressed the relationships between DM2 and poor cognitive function in the elderly (cognitive flexibility, mental flexibility, deterioration and executive functions). The studies reviewed showed a degree of impairment related to cognitive functions, mainly in thought flexibility, attention, working memory, suggesting that DM2 accelerates the cognitive deterioration, increasing the chances to develop dementia. The prevalence of depression is higher in elderly patients with DM2, affecting many functions and occur also in addition to other physical complications. These findings indicate impaired cognitive functioning in elderly patients with DM2, which emphasizes the urgency to develop prevention and intervention programsLa diabetes mellitus (DM) se refiere a un síndromemetabólico que conlleva cambios físicos, sociales ypsicológicos en quienes lo padecen. La enfermedadposee un fuerte componente genético y se subdive entipos 1 (DM1) y 2 (DM2). La DM2 está asociada adéficits funcionales y cognoscitivos. Las investigacionesrevelan que las funciones ejecutivas de los adultosmayores con DM se encuentran más perjudicadas encomparación con adultos mayores que no padecen estaenfermedad. Con el objetivo de profundizar este tema,este estudio realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura,a través de publicaciones indexadas en los últimosocho años que abordan la relación entre DM2 y aspectosdel deterioro cognoscitivo en ancianos (flexibilidadcognoscitiva, flexibilidad mental y del pensamiento enfunciones ejecutivas). En los estudios revisados, la mayoríamostró un grado de compromiso relacionado conlas funciones ejecutivas: flexibilidad del pensamiento,atención o memoria de trabajo, sugiriendo incluso quela DM2 acelera el proceso de deterioro, aumentando laposibilidad de desarrollo de la demencia. La prevalenciade depresión es más elevada en ancianos con DM2, conel compromiso de múltiples funciones y otras complicacionesfísicas identificadas. Los hallazgos muestran unfuncionamiento cognoscitivo perjudicado en ancianoscon DM2 lo que enfatiza la necesidad del desarrollo deprogramas de prevención e intervención.A Diabetes Mellitus (DM) refere-se a uma síndrome metabólica, com prejuízos físicos, sociais e psicológicos naqueles que a possuem. A doença tem um forte componente genético, e é subdividida em Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 (DM1), e Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 (DM2). A DM2 está associada a déficits funcionais e também cognitivos. Pesquisas revelam que as funções executivas dos idosos com DM encontram-se mais prejudicadas do que naqueles sem DM. Com o objetivo de aprofundar esta temática, esse estudo realiza uma revisão sistemática da literatura, através de publicações indexadas nos últimos oito anos, que abordam a relação entre DM2 e aspectos do deterioro cognitivo em idosos (flexibilidade cognitiva, flexibilidade mental e do pensamento e funções executivas). Nos estudos revisados, a maioria mostrou um grau de comprometimento relacionado com as funções cognitivas: flexibilidade do pensamento, atenção, memória de trabalho, sugerindo, inclusive, que a DM2 acelera o processo de deterioro, aumentando a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de demência. A prevalência de depressão é mais elevada em idosos com DM2, com comprometimento em muitas funções, além de outras complicações físicas identificadas. Os achados apontam para funcionamento cognitivo prejudicado em idosos com DM2, o que enfatiza a necessidade de desenvolvimento de programas de prevenção e intervenção

IGF1 activates cell cycle arrest following irradiation by reducing binding of ΔNp63 to the p21 promoter

Radiotherapy for head and neck tumors often results in persistent loss of function in salivary glands. Patients suffering from impaired salivary function frequently terminate treatment prematurely because of reduced quality of life caused by malnutrition and other debilitating side-effects. It has been previously shown in mice expressing a constitutively active form of Akt (myr-Akt1), or in mice pretreated with IGF1, apoptosis is suppressed, which correlates with maintained salivary gland function measured by stimulated salivary flow. Induction of cell cycle arrest may be important for this protection by allowing cells time for DNA repair. We have observed increased accumulation of cells in G2/M at acute time-points after irradiation in parotid glands of mice receiving pretreatment with IGF1. As p21, a transcriptional target of the p53 family, is necessary for maintaining G2/M arrest, we analyzed the roles of p53 and p63 in modulating IGF1-stimulated p21 expression. Pretreatment with IGF1 reduces binding of ΔNp63 to the p21 promoter after irradiation, which coincides with increased p53 binding and sustained p21 transcription. Our data indicate a role for ΔNp63 in modulating p53-dependent gene expression and influencing whether a cell death or cell cycle arrest program is initiated

Rotational IMRT techniques compared to fixed gantry IMRT and Tomotherapy: multi-institutional planning study for head-and-neck cases

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent developments enable to deliver rotational IMRT with standard C-arm gantry based linear accelerators. This upcoming treatment technique was benchmarked in a multi-center treatment planning study against static gantry IMRT and rotational IMRT based on a ring gantry for a complex parotid gland sparing head-and-neck technique.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Treatment plans were created for 10 patients with head-and-neck tumours (oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx) using the following treatment planning systems (TPS) for rotational IMRT: Monaco (ELEKTA VMAT solution), Eclipse (Varian RapidArc solution) and HiArt for the helical tomotherapy (Tomotherapy). Planning of static gantry IMRT was performed with KonRad, Pinnacle and Panther DAO based on step&shoot IMRT delivery and Eclipse for sliding window IMRT. The prescribed doses for the high dose PTVs were 65.1Gy or 60.9Gy and for the low dose PTVs 55.8Gy or 52.5Gy dependend on resection status. Plan evaluation was based on target coverage, conformity and homogeneity, DVHs of OARs and the volume of normal tissue receiving more than 5Gy (V_5Gy). Additionally, the cumulative monitor units (MUs) and treatment times of the different technologies were compared. All evaluation parameters were averaged over all 10 patients for each technique and planning modality.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Depending on IMRT technique and TPS, the mean CI values of all patients ranged from 1.17 to 2.82; and mean HI values varied from 0.05 to 0.10. The mean values of the median doses of the spared parotid were 26.5Gy for RapidArc and 23Gy for VMAT, 14.1Gy for Tomo. For fixed gantry techniques 21Gy was achieved for step&shoot+KonRad, 17.0Gy for step&shoot+Panther DAO, 23.3Gy for step&shoot+Pinnacle and 18.6Gy for sliding window.</p> <p>V_5Gyvalues were lowest for the sliding window IMRT technique (3499 ccm) and largest for RapidArc (5480 ccm). The lowest mean MU value of 408 was achieved by Panther DAO, compared to 1140 for sliding window IMRT.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>All IMRT delivery technologies with their associated TPS provide plans with satisfying target coverage while at the same time respecting the defined OAR criteria. Sliding window IMRT, RapidArc and Tomo techniques resulted in better target dose homogeneity compared to VMAT and step&shoot IMRT. Rotational IMRT based on C-arm linacs and Tomotherapy seem to be advantageous with respect to OAR sparing and treatment delivery efficiency, at the cost of higher dose delivered to normal tissues. The overall treatment plan quality using Tomo seems to be better than the other TPS technology combinations.</p

Clearance kinetics and matrix binding partners of the receptor for advanced glycation end products

Elucidating the sites and mechanisms of sRAGE action in the healthy state is vital to better understand the biological importance of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). Previous studies in animal models of disease have demonstrated that exogenous sRAGE has an anti-inflammatory effect, which has been reasoned to arise from sequestration of pro-inflammatory ligands away from membrane-bound RAGE isoforms. We show here that sRAGE exhibits in vitro binding with high affinity and reversibly to extracellular matrix components collagen I, collagen IV, and laminin. Soluble RAGE administered intratracheally, intravenously, or intraperitoneally, does not distribute in a specific fashion to any healthy mouse tissue, suggesting against the existence of accessible sRAGE sinks and receptors in the healthy mouse. Intratracheal administration is the only effective means of delivering exogenous sRAGE to the lung, the organ in which RAGE is most highly expressed; clearance of sRAGE from lung does not differ appreciably from that of albumin. Copyright: © 2014 Milutinovic et al

BRS 120 e BRS 177: duas cultivares de trigo de alto potencial de rendimento de grãos para o Sul do Brasil.

bitstream/CNPT-2010/40505/1/p-co140.pd