Система дистанционного мониторинга технических объектов

Currently, digitalization, being implemented in all spheres of human activity, including transport processes, requires efficiency in obtaining and processing information, as well as timeliness of decisions made on its basis. The modern system of operation of railway traction rolling stock is characterized by the lack of online information about the current technical condition and the residual life of its components for decision making.The article proposes to solv e the problem by implementing an adaptive system for remote online monitoring of technical parameters of operated objects into the field of traction rolling stock operation. The adaptive system contains software related to recommendation decision support systems. A distinctive feature of the system is the presence of elements of artificial intelligence, which self-learns by combinatorial processing of the historical database on operation of this or a similar technical object and current performance indicators corresponding to them.The proposed information processing algorithm is versatile and, in principle, can work with a variety of data sources, including existing traction rolling stock safety devices. Online monitoring of technical parameters of operated objects can be extended to both cargo-passenger rolling stock and related auxiliary machinery and devices (track machines, cranes, hump retarders, etc.). Based on the analysis of the information received, the software generates and transmits recommendations regarding current urgent actions for managing staff and maintenance personnel.In addition, the proposed technology makes it possible to predict indicators of accidents at operated objects in real time, providing an opportunity to facilitate the diagnostic process, optimize organisation of maintenance, reduce the cost of maintaining rolling stock, and increase safety of the transportation process.The adaptive system of remote online monitoring of operational safety of technical objects, considered in the article, through a risk-based approach, is a unique development that has no analogues. Внастоящее время цифровизация, внедряемая во все сферы деятельности человека, включая и транспортные процессы, требует оперативности в получении и обработке информации, а также своевременности принимаемых на её основе решений. Современная система эксплуатации железнодорожного тягового подвижного состава характеризуется отсутствием онлайнинформации о текущем техническом состоянии и остаточном ресурсе его составных частей для принятия решения.В статье предлагается решать проблему посредством внедрения в сферу эксплуатации тягового подвижного состава адаптивной системы дистанционного онлайн-мониторинга технических параметров эксплуатируемых объектов. Адаптивная система содержит программное обеспечение, относящееся к рекомендательным системам принятия решений. Отличительной чертой системы является наличие элементов искусственного интеллекта, который самообучается путём комбинаторной обработки исторической базы данных об эксплуатации данного или аналогичного технического объекта и соответствующих им текущих эксплуатационных показателей.Предлагаемый алгоритм обработки информации отличается универсальностью и в принципе может работать с разнообразными источниками данных, в том числе и с существующими устройствами безопасности тягового подвижного состава. Онлайн-мониторинг технических параметров эксплуатируемых объектов может быть распространён и на грузопассажирский подвижной состав, и на сопутствующие вспомогательные устройства (путевые машины, краны, горочные замедлители и т.д.).На основе анализа получаемой информации программное обеспечение формирует и передаёт рекомендации по текущим неотложным действиям для руководящих работников и обслуживающего персонала.Кроме того, предлагаемая технология даёт возможность предсказывать признаки аварийности эксплуатируемых объектов в режиме реального времени, что позволяет облегчить процесс диагностики и оптимизировать организацию технического обслуживания, снизить себестоимость содержания подвижного состава, повысить безопасность перевозочного процесса.Рассматриваемая в статье адаптивная система дистанционного онлайн-мониторинга эксплуатационной безопасности технических объектов на основе риск-ориентированного подхода является уникальной разработкой, не имеющей аналогов.

GNSS High-Rate Data and the Efficiency of Ionospheric Scintillation Indices

The work discusses the efficiency of different ionospheric scintillation indices. The new index D2fi based on the GNSS carrier phase observable was introduced. We analyze the accuracy of the phase measurements, in particular its dependence on the GNSS equipment thermal noises, multipath and external noises, and presettings of Phase Lock Loop and Code Delay Discriminator. The performance of DROTI, S4, σφ, and D2fi was considered for the case of high-rate data. The “sensitivity” and reliability of each index differs significantly and depends on the time resolution of the carrier phase data. The new index D2fi advantages are that it is easily derived and has a clear dependence on GNSS hardware and software features. D2fi was proven to be a useful tool to detect the small-scale ionospheric disturbances based on high-rate GPS carrier phase measurements

Pressure of Coulomb systems with volume-dependent long-range potentials

In this work, we consider the pressure of Coulomb systems, in which particles interact via a volume-dependent potential (in particular, the Ewald potential). We confirm that the expression for virial pressure should be corrected in this case. We show that the corrected virial pressure coincides with the formula obtained by differentiation of free energy if the potential energy is a homogeneous function of particle coordinates and a cell length. As a consequence, we find out that the expression for pressure in the recent paper by J. Liang \textit{et al.} [\href{https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0107140}{J. Chem. Phys. \textbf{157}, 144102 (2022)}] is incorrect

Analytical synthesis of physically implementable controllers for multivariable objects using the embedding technique

It is shown that the problem of synthesis of control systems (with a reference model) for a multivariable dynamic object can be solved exactly using the embedding technique. The synthesis algorithm presented provides stability and physical implementation of the solution obtained. © 2012 Allerton Press, Inc

О выборе материалов для производства новых типов стандартных образцов вязкости жидкости, аттестуемых в интервале допускаемых значений температуры от -40 °C до -5 °C

The article presents the results of research aimed at the selection of materials for the production of new reference materials intendedfor verification, calibration, and testing for type approval of means of measuring the viscosity of liquids, as well as certification of methods for measuring the viscosity of liquid media at temperatures below 0 °C. The developed reference materials are certified in the interval of allowed temperature values from -40 °C to -5 °C. This allows providing a wide range of modern methods for measuring the viscosity of liquids such as glass capillary viscometers, rotational viscometers, rheometers, etc.В статье представлены результаты исследований, направленных на выбор материалов для производства новых типов стандартных образцов, которые предназначены для поверки, калибровки и испытаний в целях утверждения типа средств измерений вязкости жидкостей, а также аттестации методик измерений вязкости жидких сред при температурах ниже 0 °С. Разработанные стандартные образцы аттестуют в интервале допускаемых значений температуры от -40 °С до -5 °C, что позволяет метрологически обеспечить большую номенклатуру современных средств измерений вязкости жидкостей, таких как вискозиметры стеклянные капиллярные, вискозиметры ротационные, реометры и т. д

The role of the Fe/Mo cations ordering degree and oxygen non-stoichiometry on the formation of the crystalline and magnetic structure of Sr2FeMoO6‒δ

Single-phase Sr2FeMoO6-δ powders with various oxygen indices (δ) and degrees of the superstructural ordering (P) of the Fe/Mo cations were obtained from SrFeO2.52 and SrMoO4 reagents via solid-state synthesis. It has been established by means of the x-ray and neutron diffraction that, upon reducing the oxygen content and enhancing the superstructural ordering, the lengths of the Fe–O1 and Mo–O2 bonds in the crystal lattice increase, whereas the Fe–O2 and Mo–O1 bond lengths decrease. At the same time, the volume of the unit cell is reduced, which indicates an enhancement of the covalency degree of the bonds and stimulates a redistribution of the electron density, as well as an increase of the concentration of the spin-down charge carriers located in the conduction band on the Mo(t2g)↓ orbitals. This circumstance leads to an increase of the density of states at the Fermi level, accompanied by an amplification of the exchange interaction and elevation of the Curie temperature, which points to the leading role of the spin-polarized charge carriers at the Fermi level in the exchange interaction.publishe

A Novel Pathway for Metabolism of the Cardiovascular Risk Factor Homoarginine by alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase 2

Low plasma concentrations of L-homoarginine are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, while homoarginine supplementation is protective in animal models of metabolic syndrome and stroke. Catabolism of homoarginine is still poorly understood. Based on the recent findings from a Genome Wide Association Study we hypothesized that homoarginine can be metabolized by alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2). We purified human AGXT2 from tissues of AGXT2 transgenic mice and demonstrated its ability to metabolize homoarginine to 6-guanidino-2-oxocaproic acid (GOCA). After incubation of HepG2 cells overexpressing AGXT2 with isotope-labeled homoarginine-d4 we were able to detect labeled GOCA in the medium. We injected wild type mice with labeled homoarginine and detected labeled GOCA in the plasma. We found that AGXT2 knockout (KO) mice have higher homoarginine and lower GOCA plasma levels as compared to wild type mice, while the reverse was true for AGXT2 transgenic (Tg) mice. In summary, we experimentally proved the presence of a new pathway of homoarginine catabolism - its transamination by AGXT2 with formation of GOCA and demonstrated that endogenous AGXT2 is required for maintenance of homoarginine levels in mice. Our findings may lead to development of novel therapeutic approaches for cardiovascular pathologies associated with homoarginine deficiency