A phenomenological model of the superconducting state of the Bechgaard salts

We present a group theoretical analysis of the superconducting state of the Bechgaard salts, e.g., (TMTSF)_2PF_6 or (TMTSF)_2ClO_6. We show that there are eight symmetry distinct superconducting states. Of these only the (fully gapped, even frequency, p-wave, triplet) 'polar state' is consistent with the full range of the experiments on the Bechgaard salts. The gap of the polar state is d(k) (psi_uk,0,0), where psi_uk may be any odd parity function that is translationally invariant.Comment: 4 pages, no figure

How does light intensity physical activity associate with adult cardiometabolic health and mortality? Systematic review with meta-analysis of experimental and observational studies

Aim To assess the relationship between time spent in light physical activity and cardiometabolic health and mortality in adults. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Searches in Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL and three rounds of hand searches. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Experimental (including acute mechanistic studies and physical activity intervention programme) and observational studies (excluding case and case-control studies) conducted in adults (aged >= 18 years) published in English before February 2018 and reporting on the relationship between light physical activity (<3 metabolic equivalents) and cardiometabolic health outcomes or all-cause mortality. Study appraisal and synthesis Study quality appraisal with QUALSYST tool and random effects inverse variance meta-analysis. Results Seventy-two studies were eligible including 27 experimental studies (and 45 observational studies). Mechanistic experimental studies showed that short but frequent bouts of light-intensity activity throughout the day reduced postprandial glucose (-17.5%; 95% CI -26.2 to -8.7) and insulin (-25.1%; 95% CI -31.8 to -18.3) levels compared with continuous sitting, but there was very limited evidence for it affecting other cardiometabolic markers. Three light physical activity programme intervention studies (n ranging from 12 to 58) reduced adiposity, improved blood pressure and lipidaemia; the programmes consisted of activity of > 150 min/week for at least 12 weeks. Six out of eight prospective observational studies that were entered in the meta-analysis reported that more time spent in daily light activity reduced risk of all-cause mortality (pooled HR 0.71; 95% CI 0.62 to 0.83). Conclusions Light-intensity physical activity could play a role in improving adult cardiometabolic health and reducing mortality risk. Frequent short bouts of light activity improve glycaemic control. Nevertheless, the modest volume of the prospective epidemiological evidence base and the moderate consistency between observational and laboratory evidence inhibits definitive conclusions

Implementing Quantum Gates by Optimal Control with Doubly Exponential Convergence

We introduce a novel algorithm for the task of coherently controlling a quantum mechanical system to implement any chosen unitary dynamics. It performs faster than existing state of the art methods by one to three orders of magnitude (depending on which one we compare to), particularly for quantum information processing purposes. This substantially enhances the ability to both study the control capabilities of physical systems within their coherence times, and constrain solutions for control tasks to lie within experimentally feasible regions. Natural extensions of the algorithm are also discussed.Comment: 4+2 figures; to appear in PR

Projecting lushness: doing the tropical urban through waterfront redevelopment

[Extract] The Townsville Strand was a $30m redevelopment of the waterfront, which has stood the test of time. Despite some modest opposition at the time, the City Council, transformed the Strand into a manicured public parklands which continues to enjoy wide public acclaim 15 years on. Qualitative and quantitative research was undertaken by one of the authors in 2004 - 6 into community usage and attitudes toward the Strand (Transpac Consulting, 2005; 2006). In this paper, the frame shifts from the original one concerned with measures of social capital development to one that is grounded in a phenomenology of place and a socio-aesthetics of immersion in landscape. Our aim is to analyze how, through its design and landscape 'affordances', this waterfront space has successfully engaged a variety of users and managed to have a measurable impact on an entire city's atmospherics

Informe del Real Instituto Elcano sobre el Tratado Constitucional: Una aportación española al debate sobre el futuro de la Unión Europea

Informe del Real Instituto Elcano sobre las propuestas que podría incorporar el futuro Tratado constitucional de la Unión Europea que actualmente elabora la Convención y sobre el que habrá de pronunciarse la Conferencia Intergubernamental. La negociación del Tratado de Niza puso de manifiesto las carencias del método intergubernamental como fórmula eficaz para reformar los tratados y preparar a la Unión Europea para la ampliación. En vista de ello, en diciembre de 2000 los Estados miembros decidieron impulsar una amplia reflexión sobre el futuro del proceso de integración europeo, que habría de desembocar en una nueva Conferencia intergubernamental en el año 2004. En aquellos momentos, los cuatro asuntos a los que se otorgaba especial importancia eran la forma de establecer y supervisar una delimitación más precisa de competencias entre la Unión y los Estados miembros que respetara el principio de subsidiariedad; el futuro estatuto de la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales de la Unión proclamada en Niza; la simplificación de los Tratados con el fin de clarificarlos y facilitar su comprensión sin cambiar su significado; y por último, la función de los parlamentos nacionales en la arquitectura europea. Tras un año de intercambio de impresiones, en el Consejo Europeo de Laeken celebrado en diciembre de 2001 se acordó convocar una Convención para que estructurara e impulsara este debate, que debía dar respuesta a 67 preguntas agrupadas en cuatro bloques temáticos: el reparto de competencias en la UE; la simplificación de los instrumentos de la UE; la democracia, transparencia y eficacia de la UE; y por último, la posibilidad de fundir los diversos tratados existentes en uno solo. Así pues, lo que había nacido como un intento relativamente modesto de completar la tarea iniciada en Niza, pasó a convertirse en un ejercicio mucho más ambicioso, que en opinión de algunos supondrá en realidad una ‘refundación’ de la Unión. Así pues, al poco tiempo de iniciarse los trabajos de la Convención en febrero de 2002, casi nadie ponía ya en duda que el resultado de los mismos sería un proyecto de Tratado constitucional sobre el cual habrá de pronunciarse la Conferencia Intergubernamental inicialmente prevista para el 2004

Формування маркетингових підрозділів на підприємствах Харківського регіону

У статті розглянуто ситуацію формування маркетингових підрозділів на підприємствах Харківського регіону, розвиток їх структури, проаналізовано підходи до формування кадрового складу маркетингових підрозділів та динаміку їх розвитку, визначені тенденції щодо подальших напрямків вдосконалення маркетингу та виявлені ніші для перспективного розвитку маркетингу у Харківському регіоні.The article deals with the situation forming marketing departments in enterprises of Kharkov region, the development of structure analysis approaches to staffing marketing departments and the dynamics of their development trends identified areas for further improvement of marketing and found a niche for the future of marketing in the Kharkiv region