106 research outputs found

    Electron Scattering From High-Momentum Neutrons in Deuterium

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    We report results from an experiment measuring the semi-inclusive reaction d(e,eps)d(e,e'p_s) where the proton psp_s is moving at a large angle relative to the momentum transfer. If we assume that the proton was a spectator to the reaction taking place on the neutron in deuterium, the initial state of that neutron can be inferred. This method, known as spectator tagging, can be used to study electron scattering from high-momentum (off-shell) neutrons in deuterium. The data were taken with a 5.765 GeV electron beam on a deuterium target in Jefferson Laboratory's Hall B, using the CLAS detector. A reduced cross section was extracted for different values of final-state missing mass WW^{*}, backward proton momentum ps\vec{p}_{s} and momentum transfer Q2Q^{2}. The data are compared to a simple PWIA spectator model. A strong enhancement in the data observed at transverse kinematics is not reproduced by the PWIA model. This enhancement can likely be associated with the contribution of final state interactions (FSI) that were not incorporated into the model. A ``bound neutron structure function'' F2neffF_{2n}^{eff} was extracted as a function of WW^{*} and the scaling variable xx^{*} at extreme backward kinematics, where effects of FSI appear to be smaller. For ps>400p_{s}>400 MeV/c, where the neutron is far off-shell, the model overestimates the value of F2neffF_{2n}^{eff} in the region of xx^{*} between 0.25 and 0.6. A modification of the bound neutron structure function is one of possible effects that can cause the observed deviation.Comment: 33 pages RevTeX, 9 figures, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. C. Fixed 1 Referenc

    eta-prime photoproduction on the proton for photon energies from 1.527 to 2.227 GeV

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    Differential cross sections for the reaction gamma p -> eta-prime p have been measured with the CLAS spectrometer and a tagged photon beam with energies from 1.527 to 2.227 GeV. The results reported here possess much greater accuracy than previous measurements. Analyses of these data indicate for the first time the coupling of the etaprime N channel to both the S_11(1535) and P_11(1710) resonances, known to couple strongly to the eta N channel in photoproduction on the proton, and the importance of j=3/2 resonances in the process.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure

    Measurement of the Deuteron Structure Function F2 in the Resonance Region and Evaluation of Its Moments

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    Inclusive electron scattering off the deuteron has been measured to extract the deuteron structure function F2 with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The measurement covers the entire resonance region from the quasi-elastic peak up to the invariant mass of the final-state hadronic system W~2.7 GeV with four-momentum transfers Q2 from 0.4 to 6 (GeV/c)^2. These data are complementary to previous measurements of the proton structure function F2 and cover a similar two-dimensional region of Q2 and Bjorken variable x. Determination of the deuteron F2 over a large x interval including the quasi-elastic peak as a function of Q2, together with the other world data, permit a direct evaluation of the structure function moments for the first time. By fitting the Q2 evolution of these moments with an OPE-based twist expansion we have obtained a separation of the leading twist and higher twist terms. The observed Q2 behaviour of the higher twist contribution suggests a partial cancellation of different higher twists entering into the expansion with opposite signs. This cancellation, found also in the proton moments, is a manifestation of the "duality" phenomenon in the F2 structure function

    First measurement of direct f0(980)f_0(980) photoproduction on the proton

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    We report on the results of the first measurement of exclusive f0(980)f_0(980) meson photoproduction on protons for Eγ=3.03.8E_\gamma=3.0 - 3.8 GeV and t=0.41.0-t = 0.4-1.0 GeV2^2. Data were collected with the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The resonance was detected via its decay in the π+π\pi^+ \pi^- channel by performing a partial wave analysis of the reaction γppπ+π\gamma p \to p \pi^+ \pi^-. Clear evidence of the f0(980)f_0(980) meson was found in the interference between PP and SS waves at Mπ+π1M_{\pi^+ \pi^-}\sim 1 GeV. The SS-wave differential cross section integrated in the mass range of the f0(980)f_0(980) was found to be a factor of 50 smaller than the cross section for the ρ\rho meson. This is the first time the f0(980)f_0(980) meson has been measured in a photoproduction experiment

    A Precise Measurement of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor GMn in the Few-GeV2 Region

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    The neutron elastic magnetic form factor GMn has been extracted from quasielastic electron scattering data on deuterium with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. The kinematic coverage of the measurement is continuous from Q2=1 GeV2 to 4.8 GeV2. High precision was achieved by employing a ratio technique in which many uncertainties cancel, and by a simultaneous in-situ calibration of the neutron detection efficiency, the largest correction to the data. Neutrons were detected using the CLAS electromagnetic calorimeters and the time-of-flight scintillators. Data were taken at two different electron beam energies, allowing up to four semi-independent measurements of GMn to be made at each value of Q2. The dipole parameterization is found to provide a good description of the data over the measured Q2 range.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, revtex4, submitted to Physical Review Letters, Revised version has changes recommended by journal referee

    Deficiency of Pkc1 activity affects glycerol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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    In pressProtein kinase C is apparently involved in the control of many cellular systems: the cell wall integrity pathway, the synthesis of ribosomes, the appropriated reallocation of transcription factors under specific stress conditions and also the regulation of N-glycosylation activity. All these observations suggest the existence of additional targets not yet identified. In the context of the control of carbon metabolism, previous data demonstrated that Pkc1 p might play a central role in the control of cellular growth and metabolism in yeast. In particular, it has been suggested that it might be involved in the derepression of genes under glucose-repression by driving an appropriated subcellular localization of transcriptional factors, such as Mig1 p. In this work, we show that pkc1∆ mutant is unable to grow on glycerol because it cannot perform the derepression of GUT1 gene that encodes for glycerol kinase. Additionally, active transport is also partially affected. Using this phenotype, we were able to isolate a new pkc1∆ revertant. We also isolated two transformants identified as the nuclear exportin Msn5 and the histone deacetylase Hos2 extragenic suppressors of this mutation. Based on these results, we postulate that Pkc1 p may be involved in the control of the cellular localization and/or regulation of the activity of nuclear proteins implicated in gene expression.Fundação Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (FUFOP). Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) - CBS-1875/95. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) - 300998/89-9 to R.L.B., 301255/01-6 to L.G.F

    Measurement of the xx- and Q2Q^2-Dependence of the Asymmetry A1A_1 on the Nucleon

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    We report results for the virtual photon asymmetry A1A_1 on the nucleon from new Jefferson Lab measurements. The experiment, which used the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer and longitudinally polarized proton (15^{15}NH3_3) and deuteron (15^{15}ND3_3) targets, collected data with a longitudinally polarized electron beam at energies between 1.6 GeV and 5.7 GeV. In the present paper, we concentrate on our results for A1(x,Q2)A_1(x,Q^2) and the related ratio g1/F1(x,Q2)g_1/F_1(x,Q^2) in the resonance and the deep inelastic regions for our lowest and highest beam energies, covering a range in momentum transfer Q2Q^2 from 0.05 to 5.0 GeV2^2 and in final-state invariant mass WW up to about 3 GeV. Our data show detailed structure in the resonance region, which leads to a strong Q2Q^2--dependence of A1(x,Q2)A_1(x,Q^2) for WW below 2 GeV. At higher WW, a smooth approach to the scaling limit, established by earlier experiments, can be seen, but A1(x,Q2)A_1(x,Q^2) is not strictly Q2Q^2--independent. We add significantly to the world data set at high xx, up to x=0.6x = 0.6. Our data exceed the SU(6)-symmetric quark model expectation for both the proton and the deuteron while being consistent with a negative dd-quark polarization up to our highest xx. This data setshould improve next-to-leading order (NLO) pQCD fits of the parton polarization distributions.Comment: 7 pages LaTeX, 5 figure

    Beam Spin Asymmetries in DVCS with CLAS at 4 .8 GeV

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    We report measurements of the beam spin asymmetry in Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) at an electron beam energy of 4.8 GeV using the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The DVCS beam spin asymmetry has been measured in a wide range of kinematics, 1(GeV/c)2^2 <Q2<2.8<Q^2<2.8(GeV/c)2^2, 0.12<xB<0.480.12<x_B<0.48, and 0.1 (GeV/c)2^2 <t<0.8<-t<0.8(GeV/c)2^2, using the reaction \pEpX. The number of H(e,eγp)(e,e^{\prime}\gamma p) and H(e,eπ0p)(e,e^{\prime}\pi^0 p) events are separated in each (Q2,xB,t)(Q^2,x_B,t) bin by a fit to the line shape of the H(e,ep)X(e,e^{\prime}p)X Mx2M_x^2 distribution. The validity of the method was studied in detail using experimental and simulated data. It was shown, that with the achieved missing mass squared resolution and the available statistics, the separation of DVCS-BH and π0\pi^0 events can reliably be done with less than 5% uncertainty. The Q2Q^2- and tt-dependences of the sinϕ\sin\phi moments of the asymmetry are extracted and compared with theoretical calculations

    Modulating mitophagy in mitochondrial disease

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    Mitochondrial diseases may result from mutations in the maternally-inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or from mutations in nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins. Their bi-genomic nature makes mitochondrial diseases a very heterogeneous group of disorders that can present at any age and can affect any type of tissue. The autophagic-lysosomal degradation pathway plays an important role in clearing dysfunctional and redundant mitochondria through a specific quality control mechanism termed mitophagy. Mitochondria could be targeted for autophagic degradation for a variety of reasons including basal turnover for recycling, starvation induced degradation, and degradation due to damage. While the core autophagic machinery is highly conserved and common to most pathways, the signaling pathways leading to the selective degradation of damaged mitochondria are still not completely understood. Type 1 mitophagy due to nutrient starvation is dependent on PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) for autophagosome formation but independent of mitophagy proteins, PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) and Parkin. Whereas type 2 mitophagy that occurs due to damage is dependent on PINK1 and Parkin but does not require PI3K. Autophagy and mitophagy play an important role in human disease and hence could serve as therapeutic targets for the treatment of mitochondrial as well as neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, we reviewed drugs that are known modulators of autophagy (AICAR and metformin) and may effect this by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Furthermore, we reviewed data available on supplements, such as Coenzyme Q and the quinone idebenone, that we assert rescue increased mitophagy in mitochondrial disease by benefiting mitochondrial function
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