South Dakota Retained Ownership Demonstration

Three hundred seventy-four calves representing 44 cow-calf producers were consigned to a custom feedlot. Steer calves (254 head) consigned in October weighed 522 Ib initially, gained 2.91 1b per head daily, and averaged 1,100 Ib at slaughter after an average of 200 days on feed. Average cost of gain and profitability were $48.94 per cwt and -$12.03 per head, respectively. Steers consigned in January weighed 71 1 Ib initially, gained 3.07 Ib per head daily, and averaged 1,135 1b at slaughter after 141 days on feed. Average cost of gain and profitability were $43.59 per cwt and -$64.22 per head, respectively. Losses observed for 1994-95 were due to low carcass beef prices relative to the price of feeder cattle in fall of 1994 and January of 1995. As in previous years, average daily gain, days on feed, and quality grade appear related to differences in profit between cattle

South Dakota Retained Ownership Demonstration

Seven hundred six calves representing 81 cow-calf producers were consigned to a custom feedlot. Steer calves (421 head) consigned in October weighed 562 Ib initially, gained 2.75 Ib per head daily, and averaged 1153 1b at slaughter after an average of 207 days on feed. Average cost of gain and profitability were $61.48 per cwt and -$86.61 per head, respectively. Steers consigned in January weighed 738 Ib initially, gained 3.36 Ib per head daily, and averaged 1,196 Ib at slaughter after 137 days on feed. Average cost of gain and profitability were $55.55 per cwt and 4123.1 1 per head, respectively. Heifers consigned in January weighed 683 Ib initially, gained 3.17 Ib per head daily, and averaged 1063 1b at slaughter after 122 days on feed. Average cost of gain and profitability were$58.39 per cwt and -$95.63 per head, respectively. Severe losses observed for 1993-94 were due to a crash in the carcass beef market in late May through July as compared to the previous 3years of the Retained Ownership Demonstration. As in previous years, average daily gain, days on feed and percentage of choice appear to be related to differences in profit between cattle

Desenvolvimento folicular no pós-parto de vacas da raça Gir tratadas com acetato de buserelina (GnRH) ou gonadotrofina coriônica humana (hCG) Follicular development in Gir breed cows (Bos indicus) treated with buserelin acetate or human chorionic gonadotrophin during the postpartum period

Foram utilizadas 22 vacas da raça Gir (Bos indicus) em anestro pós-parto, amamentando e mantidas sob regime de pastejo. O padrão de crescimento folicular foi estudado em 15 animais, enquanto os outros sete foram utilizados somente no acompanhamento da resposta aos tratamentos hormonais. Ultra-sonografia em tempo real foi realizada diariamente, do quarto ao qüinquagésimo dia de lactação, por meio de aparelho equipado com probe de 5MHz. Nenhum animal apresentou estro, ovulação ou luteinização folicular durante o período de avaliação. Verificaram-se quatro a oito ondas foliculares surgindo em intervalos de seis a sete dias, cujo diâmetro máximo dos folículos dominantes e subordinados foi de 8,9±0,6 e 6,3±0,7mm, respectivamente. Aos 56 dias pós-parto, as 22 vacas foram divididas em dois grupos: 11 tratadas com 4,2 mig de acetato de buserelina e 11 com 3.000UI de hCG. A ovulação, regressão e luteinização folicular foram verificadas em animais dos dois tratamentos e uma nova onda folicular surgiu dentro de dois a três dias após a terapia hormonal. Corpos lúteos de menor tamanho e concentrações de progesterona abaixo de 1ng/mL indicaram baixa atividade luteal.<br>This experiment was carried out with 22 anestrus Gir cows (Bos indicus), with the postpartum follicular growth studied in 15 of these suckling and kept on pasture, while the seven others were used only for hormonal treatments. Daily real time ultrasonography was done from 4th to the 50th day, using B-mode ultrasound scanner equipped with a linear array 5.0MHz probe. No animal showed estrus, ovulation or follicular luteinization during de experimental period. Four to eight follicular waves emerged each six or seven days and maximum diameter of dominant and subordinate follicles were 8.9±0.6mm and 6.3±0.7mm, respectively. On day 56 of postpartum all cows were separated in two groups: 11 cows were treated either with 4.2 mug of buserelin acetate and 11 with 3,000UI of hCG. Ovulation, follicular regression and luteinization were observed in the two treatments animals, and one new follicular wave emerged within two to three days after the hormonal treatments. Small size corpus luteum and progesterone concentrations under 1ng/mL showed lower luteal activity

Desempenho reprodutivo, concentrações de progesterona e metabólitos lipídicos no pós-parto de vacas mestiças H/Z, submetidas a uma dieta hiperlipidêmica Reproductive performance, concentrations of progesterone and lipidic metabolites in the postpartum crossbred dairy cows submitted to a hyperlipidemic diet

Para avaliar o efeito de uma dieta hiperlipidêmica nos níveis séricos de metabólitos lipídicos e progesterona e no desempenho reprodutivo, 42 vacas mestiças foram submetidas a dois tratamentos: T1 (n=21) dieta-controle e T2 (n=21) dieta hiperlipidêmica, tendo como principal fonte de lipídios o grão de soja integral. Os intervalos médios para a primeira e segunda ovulações pós-parto foram 26,3 e 35,9 dias para os animais do T1 e 21,7 e 37,4 dias para os do T2. Os intervalos médios do parto ao início da atividade luteal, primeiro estro e primeiro ciclo estral normal foram, respectivamente, 29,9; 39,5; e 53,9 dias para T1 e 25,7; 33,3; e 52,3 dias para T2. A duração média do primeiro ciclo estral foi de 14,7 e 16,9 dias e do segundo de 19,8 e 19,5 dias para T1 e T2, respectivamente. As concentrações de progesterona nos ciclos estrais normais ocorridos durante o período de 90 dias pós-parto variaram de valores mínimos de 0,27 (T1) e 0,31 ng/mL (T2), nos dias 0 e 1 (dia 0 = ovulação), para valores máximos de 6,71 ng/mL (T1), nos dias 10 e 11, e 7,04 ng/mL (T2), nos dias -9 e --8, retornando a níveis basais (<1 ng/mL) nos dias -3 e -2. As concentrações médias de colesterol total e colesterol HDL para T1 e T2 foram, respectivamente, 100,74 e 67,3 mg/dL e 162,25 e 95,8 mg/dL. O efeito de hipercolesterolemia da dieta foi confirmado nesta pesquisa, mas sem nenhum aumento nas concentrações de progesterona e desempenho reprodutivo.<br>To evaluate the effect of a hiperlipidemic diet on the reproductive performance, lipidic metabolites and serum progesterone levels, 42 Holstein-Zebu crossbred cows were submitted to two treatments: T1 (n=21), control diet, and T2 (n=21), hyperlipidemic diet, consisting mainly on whole soybean. The mean intervals to the first and second postpartum ovulations were 26.3 and 35.9 days for animals of T1 and 21.7 and 37.4 days for those of T2. The average intervals from calving to onset of the luteal activity, first estrus and first normal estrus cycle length were respectively, 29.9, 39.5, and 53.9 days for T1 and 25.7, 33.3, and 52.3 days for T2. The average first estrus cycle was 14.7 and 16.9 days and of the second 19.8 and 19.5 days for T1 and T2, respectively. The concentrations of serum progesterone in the normal estrus cycles during the period of 90 days postpartum, varied from minimum values of 0.27 ng/mL (T1) to 0.31 ng/mL (T2) on the days 1 and 0 (day 0 = ovulation) to maximum values of 6.71 ng/mL (T1) on days 10 and 11 and 7.04 ng/mL (T2) on days -9 and --8, returning to basal levels (<1 ng/mL) on days -3 e -2. The total cholesterol and HDL average concentrations for T1 e T2 were 100.74 and 67.3 mg/dL (T1) and 162.25 and 95.8 mg/dL (T2) respectively. The hypercholesterolemic effect of the diet was confirmed, but without any increase in the concentration of progesterone and reproductive performance

Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission

The current standard model of cosmology successfully describes a variety of measurements, but the nature of its main ingredients, dark matter and dark energy, remains unknown. Euclid is a medium-class mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) that will provide high-resolution optical imaging, as well as near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, over about 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky. In addition to accurate weak lensing and clustering measurements that probe structure formation over half of the age of the Universe, its primary probes for cosmology, these exquisite data will enable a wide range of science. This paper provides a high-level overview of the mission, summarising the survey characteristics, the various data-processing steps, and data products. We also highlight the main science objectives and expected performance

Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission

International audienceThe current standard model of cosmology successfully describes a variety of measurements, but the nature of its main ingredients, dark matter and dark energy, remains unknown. Euclid is a medium-class mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) that will provide high-resolution optical imaging, as well as near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, over about 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky. In addition to accurate weak lensing and clustering measurements that probe structure formation over half of the age of the Universe, its primary probes for cosmology, these exquisite data will enable a wide range of science. This paper provides a high-level overview of the mission, summarising the survey characteristics, the various data-processing steps, and data products. We also highlight the main science objectives and expected performance

Euclid. I. Overview of the Euclid mission

International audienceThe current standard model of cosmology successfully describes a variety of measurements, but the nature of its main ingredients, dark matter and dark energy, remains unknown. Euclid is a medium-class mission in the Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme of the European Space Agency (ESA) that will provide high-resolution optical imaging, as well as near-infrared imaging and spectroscopy, over about 14,000 deg^2 of extragalactic sky. In addition to accurate weak lensing and clustering measurements that probe structure formation over half of the age of the Universe, its primary probes for cosmology, these exquisite data will enable a wide range of science. This paper provides a high-level overview of the mission, summarising the survey characteristics, the various data-processing steps, and data products. We also highlight the main science objectives and expected performance