595 research outputs found
Organization of the specialized medical care in conditions of limited resources (military status) (on the example of the provision of nephrology aid in Ukraine)
The paper considers the features of the provision of pediatric and adult nephrology medical care during martial law in Ukraine from February 2022 to May 2023. The influence of military stages on the nephrology care are presented, territorial zones during the conflict are highlighted, event tracks are shown. Separately, the activity of the Ukrainian Association of Nephrologists/Ukrainian Association of Pediatric Nephrologists, new opportunities for integrating nephrology into the system of medical knowledge are considered. Along with the negative trends, positive results were revealed that made it possible to move forward in the system of specialized medical care, namely an increase in transplant activity, a wider use of “long” treatment regimens with rituximab, and the use of digital kidney biopsy. Statistical data, SWOT analysis at the stages of the military conflict are given, an analysis is presented for refugees who left for the European Union to receive kidney replacement therapy. The enormous role of humanitarian programs for maintaining the structure of nephrological care in Ukraine is emphasized. The accumulated experience is unique and can serve as material for the analysis of similar situations in the world in the future
Diuretics and advanced features of nephroprotection
The most frequently used diuretics in nephrology, and the scheme and dosages used for their prescription are considered. Attention is focused on a new class of hypoglycemic drugs (gliflozins) that can provide nephroprotection to patients with diabetic nephropathy, and probably those with chronic kidney disease without diabetes mellitus type 2
-Strands
A -strand is a map for a Lie
group that follows from Hamilton's principle for a certain class of
-invariant Lagrangians. The SO(3)-strand is the -strand version of the
rigid body equation and it may be regarded physically as a continuous spin
chain. Here, -strand dynamics for ellipsoidal rotations is derived as
an Euler-Poincar\'e system for a certain class of variations and recast as a
Lie-Poisson system for coadjoint flow with the same Hamiltonian structure as
for a perfect complex fluid. For a special Hamiltonian, the -strand is
mapped into a completely integrable generalization of the classical chiral
model for the SO(3)-strand. Analogous results are obtained for the
-strand. The -strand is the -strand version of the
Bloch-Iserles ordinary differential equation, whose solutions exhibit dynamical
sorting. Numerical solutions show nonlinear interactions of coherent wave-like
solutions in both cases. -strand equations on the
diffeomorphism group are also introduced and shown
to admit solutions with singular support (e.g., peakons).Comment: 35 pages, 5 figures, 3rd version. To appear in J Nonlin Sc
Renoprotection and its association with eGFR and renal functional reserve
Renoprotection is a system of measures for primarily pharmacological control, contributing to the continued preservation of renal function. When choosing renoprotection tactics, it is necessary to consider not only the estimated GFR (using the EPI formula), but also a functional renal reserve. The method of determining the renal reserve with oral administration of 0.45–0.50% sodium chloride solution at the rate of 0.5 % of body weight is considered to be physiologically substantiated. The renal reserve determining based on this technique as a routine method for examining nephrological patients provides additional information not only on the number of functioning nephrons, but also on their condition. A differentiated approach to prescribing renoprotective agents has been proposed, taking into account the stage of the disease and the functional renal reserve for maximum preservation of functioning nephrons
Trapped Particle Stability for the Kinetic Stabilizer
A kinetically stabilized axially symmetric tandem mirror (KSTM) uses the
momentum flux of low-energy, unconfined particles that sample only the outer
end-regions of the mirror plugs, where large favorable field-line curvature
exists. The window of operation is determined for achieving MHD stability with
tolerable energy drain from the kinetic stabilizer. Then MHD stable systems are
analyzed for stability of the trapped particle mode. This mode is characterized
by the detachment of the central-cell plasma from the kinetic stabilizer region
without inducing field-line bending. Stability of the trapped particle mode is
sensitive to the electron connection between the stabilizer and the end plug.
It is found that the stability condition for the trapped particle mode is more
constraining than the stability condition for the MHD mode, and it is
challenging to satisfy the required power constraint. Furthermore a severe
power drain may arise from the necessary connection of low-energy electrons in
the kinetic stabilizer to the central region
Распространенность очагов хронической инфекции у больных дерматозами
This paper presents the results of a retrospective epidemiological study carried out to detect chronic infection foci (CIF) in patients affected by T-cell mediated dermatoses. The values obtained for the CIF prevalence are compared with those in the general population, as well as in the control group. The latter comprised generally healthy people according to the results of in-depth medical examination. It is found that patients with psoriasis demonstrate a higher prevalence of chronic tonsillitis compared to the values both in the general population and in the control group (p = 0.001). Patients with eczema are characterized by an increased prevalence of chronic granulomatous periodontitis, but only in comparison with generally healthy individuals (p = 0.046). The results obtained for patients with atopic dermatitis, lichen planus and alopecia areata are found to be statistically significant for chronic tonsillitis, which occurs therein more frequently than in the general population and in the group of generally healthy people (p = 0.001).Проведено ретроспективное эпидемиологическое исследование по выявляемости очагов хронической инфекции (ОХИ) у больных Т-клеточноопосредованными дерматозами. Полученные значения сопоставлены с распространенностью ОХИ в общей популяции, а также с данными контрольной группы, которую составили практически здоровые лица при прохождении ими углубленного медицинского обследования. У больных псориазом отмечается более высокая распространенность хронического тонзиллита в сравнении как с общей популяцией, так и контрольной группой (p = 0,001). Больные экземой отличаются повышенной превалентностью хронического гранулематозного периодонтита, но только по отношению к практически здоровым лицам (p = 0,046). У больных атопическим дерматитом, красным плоским лишаем и гнездной алопецией обнаружены значимые различия по хроническому тонзиллиту, который встречается более часто, чем в общей популяции и группе практически здоровых лиц (p = 0,001)
Transcriptome analysis reveals high tumor heterogeneity with respect to re-activation of stemness and proliferation programs
Significant alterations in signaling pathways and transcriptional regulatory programs together represent major hallmarks of many cancers. These, among all, include the reactivation of stemness, which is registered by the expression of pathways that are active in the embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Here, we assembled gene sets that reflect the stemness and proliferation signatures and used them to analyze a large panel of RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Consortium in order to specifically assess the expression of stemness-related and proliferation-related genes across a collection of different tumor types. We introduced a metric that captures the collective similarity of the expression profile of a tumor to that of ESCs, which showed that stemness and proliferation signatures vary greatly between different tumor types. We also observed a high degree of intertumoral heterogeneity in the expression of stemness- and proliferation-related genes, which was associated with increased hazard ratios in a fraction of tumors and mirrored by high intratumoral heterogeneity and a remarkable stemness capacity in metastatic lesions across cancer cells in single cell RNA-seq datasets. Taken together, these results indicate that the expression of stemness signatures is highly heterogeneous and cannot be used as a universal determinant of cancer. This calls into question the universal validity of diagnostic tests that are based on stem cell markers
Multi-triangulations as complexes of star polygons
Maximal -crossing-free graphs on a planar point set in convex
position, that is, -triangulations, have received attention in recent
literature, with motivation coming from several interpretations of them.
We introduce a new way of looking at -triangulations, namely as complexes
of star polygons. With this tool we give new, direct, proofs of the fundamental
properties of -triangulations, as well as some new results. This
interpretation also opens-up new avenues of research, that we briefly explore
in the last section.Comment: 40 pages, 24 figures; added references, update Section
Gravitational hedgehog, stringy hedgehog and stringy sphere
We investigate the solutions of Einstein equations such that a hedgehog
solution is matched to different exterior or interior solutions via a spherical
shell. In the case where both the exterior and the interior regions are
hedgehog solutions or one of them is flat, the resulting spherical shell
becomes a stringy shell. We also consider more general matchings and see that
in this case the shell deviates from its stringy character.Comment: 11 page
New Magnetic Anomaly Map of the Antarctic
The second generation Antarctic magnetic anomaly compilation for the region south of 60 degrees S includes some 3.5 million line-km of aeromagnetic and marine magnetic data that more than doubles the initial map's near-surface database. For the new compilation, the magnetic data sets were corrected for the International Geomagnetic Reference Field, diurnal effects, and high-frequency errors and leveled, gridded, and stitched together. The new magnetic data further constrain the crustal architecture and geological evolution of the Antarctic Peninsula and the West Antarctic Rift System in West Antarctica, as well as Dronning Maud Land, the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains, the Prince Charles Mountains, Princess Elizabeth Land, and Wilkes Land in East Antarctica and the circumjacent oceanic margins. Overall, the magnetic anomaly compilation helps unify disparate regional geologic and geophysical studies by providing new constraints on major tectonic and magmatic processes that affected the Antarctic from Precambrian to Cenozoic times.Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) programs, PM15040 and PE17050Germany's AWI/Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine ResearchFederal Institute for Geosciences and Natural ResourcesBritish Antarctic Survey/Natural Environmental Research CouncilItalian Antarctic Research ProgrammeRussian Ministry of Natural ResourcesU.S. National Science Foundation and National Space and Aeronautics AdministrationAustralian Antarctic Division and Antarctic Climate & Ecosystem Cooperative Research CentreFrench Polar InstituteGlobal geomagnetic observatories network (INTERMAGNET
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