Optimal Configurations for Aerosol Monitoring with Multi-Rotor Small Unmanned Aerial Systems

Applicability of aerosol sampling on multi-rotor unmanned aerial systems (UAS) platform was investigated. Multi-rotor UAS have impacts of wind speed, turbulence, and orientation possibly contributing to sampling bias. The SKC IMPACT sampler, Tecora C.A.Th.I.A., and modified three-dimensionally printed Universal Inlet for Airborne-Particle Size-Selective Sampling were selected based on particle size-selectivity and operational independence to wind. Airflow visualizations concluded that below UAS fuselage was optimal sampler placement. Tests were conducted with Arizona Road Dust in a still-air chamber, and aerosolized sugar in a wind tunnel. Inlet mounting was evaluated in, upright, upside-down, and horizontal orientations. Horizontal orientations of all inlets resulted in negative sampling bias compared to upright/upside-down positions. Sampling bias of inlets mounted on the UAS were compared with and without motor employment. In wind tunnel tests, the IMPACT sampler averaged lowest count concentration bias while the 3D printed inlet resulted in the largest percent difference. Results suggests, UAS turbulence and low wind speed produced negative sampling bias. The 3D printed inlet was designed with Stokes’ scaling factor, and compared with the well-characterized IMPACT sampler. Three-dimensional printing bolstered a cost-effective and fast method of inlet design and construction. Iterative designs can optimize aerosol inlets suitable for mounting on multi-rotor UAS

Antibiotics Uptake from Soil and Translocation in the Plants – Meta-analysis

Antibiotics reach agricultural soils via fertilization with manure and biosolids as well as irrigation withwastewater and have the potential to be taken up by growing crops. The fate of antibiotics in terms of uptakefrom soil to plants, as well as translocation from root to leaves, is determined by a combination of antibiotic’sphysio-chemical (e.g. speciation, lipophilicity), soil (e.g. organic carbon content, pH) and plant (e.g.transpiration rates) characteristics. In this meta-analysis, a literature search was executed to obtain an overview of antibiotic uptake to plants, with an aim to identify uptake and translocation patterns of different antibiotic classes. Overall, we found that higher uptake of tetracyclines to plant leaves was observed compared to sulfonamides. Differences were also observed in translocation within the plants, where tetracyclines were found in roots and leaves with close to equal concentrations, while the sulfonamides represented a tendency to accumulate to the root fraction. The antibiotic’s characteristics have a high influence on their fate, for example, the high water-solubility and uncharged speciation in typical agricultural soil pH ranges likely induces tetracycline uptake from soil and translocation in plant. Despite the advances in knowledge over the past decade, our meta-analysis indicated that the available research is focused on a limited number of analytes and antibiotic classes. Furthermore, fastgrowing plant species (e.g. spinach, lettuce, and radish) are overly represented in studies compared to crop species with higher significance for human food sources (e.g. corn, wheat, and potato), requiring more attention in future research

Mitochondrial DNA analysis of eneolithic trypillians from Ukraine reveals neolithic farming genetic roots

The agricultural revolution in Eastern Europe began in the Eneolithic with the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture complex. In Ukraine, the Trypillian culture (TC) existed for over two millennia (ca. 5,400–2,700 BCE) and left a wealth of artifacts. Yet, their burial rituals remain a mystery and to date almost nothing is known about the genetic composition of the TC population. One of the very few TC sites where human remains can be found is a cave called Verteba in western Ukraine. This report presents four partial and four complete mitochondrial genomes from nine TC individuals uncovered in the cave. The results of this analysis, combined with the data from previous reports, indicate that the Trypillian population at Verteba carried, for the most part, a typical Neolithic farmer package of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages traced to Anatolian farmers and Neolithic farming groups of central Europe. At the same time, the find of two specimens belonging to haplogroup U8b1 at Verteba can be viewed as a connection of TC with the Upper Paleolithic European populations. At the level of mtDNA haplogroup frequencies, the TC population from Verteba demonstrates a close genetic relationship with population groups of the Funnel Beaker/ Trichterbecker cultural complex from central and northern Europe (ca. 3,950–2,500 BCE)

Digitalization Trends in Education and Blended Learning

The article under review actualizes the problem of using digital computer technologies in the process of blended learning. The notion of «blended learning» is determined and specified according to various sources. Various models and ways of organizing this kind of work as an alternative to the standard form of learning are presented. The article presents a positive experience of using blended learning technology. Much attention is paid to visualization as one of the teaching tools to create educational materials for blended learning. The synthesis of verbal materials (especially spoken) and visual elements (pictures, graphic notes, animations, films, plots, and diagrams, etc.) within the limits of one text is an instrument to optimize the process of semantic perception and understanding text information. All the benefits of this modern technology allow students to establish a holistic adoption of this model and a positive direction for the development of blended learning as an innovative teaching technolog

Drug Interaction Study Of Apixaban With Cyclosporine Or Tacrolimus: Results From A Phase 1, Randomized, Open-Label, Crossover Study In Healthy Volunteers

BACKGROUND Solid organ transplant recipients commonly require anticoagulation. Apixaban (APX) is principally metabolized by CYP3A4, undergoes direct intestinal excretion, and is a substrate to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein (BCRP) transporters. We examined the potential drug interaction between cyclosporine (CsA) and tacrolimus (Tac) [combined inhibitors of CYP3A4, P-gp and, BCRP] with APX.https://jdc.jefferson.edu/petposters/1005/thumbnail.jp

Domain evolution of BaTiO3 ultrathin films under electric field: a first-principles study

A first-principles-derived method is used to study the morphology and electric-field-induced evolution of stripe nanodomains in (001) BaTiO3 (BTO) ultrathin films, and to compare them with those in (001) Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) ultrathin films. The BaTiO3 systems exhibit 180o periodic stripe domains at null electric field, as in PZT ultrathin films. However, the stripes alternate along [1-10] in BTO systems versus [010] in PZT systems, and no in-plane surface dipoles occur in BTO ultrathin films (unlike in PZT materials). Moreover, the evolution of the 180o stripe domains in the BaTiO3 systems, when applying and increasing an electric field along [001], involves four regions: Region I for which the magnitude of the down dipoles (i.e., those that are antiparallel to the electric field) is reduced, while the domain walls do not move; Region II in which some local down dipoles adjacent to domain walls switch their direction, resulting in zigzagged domain walls - with the overall stripe periodicity being unchanged; Region III in which nanobubbles are created, then contract along [110] and finally collapse; and Region IV which is associated with a single monodomain. Such evolution differs from that of PZT ultrathin films for which neither Region I nor zigzagged domain walls exist, and for which the bubbles contract along [100]. Discussion about such differences is provided.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, 27 references, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Efek Sedasi Dari Variasi Dosis Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea Batatas L) Pada Mencit

One is the use of traditional medicine in treating sleep, plants are often used empirically by the public and efficacious as a sedative is spinach (Ipomoea aquatic Forsk) the genus Ipomoea containing an derivative compounds Lisergic acid known efficacious as halusinergik. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) is a genus of plants with kale, so this study examined the effects of sedation of sweet potato leaves. This study had aims to prove the sedation effect of ethanol extract of leaves of sweet potato in DDY. Type of research method was experimental study with posttest only control group design and data analysis,the methode used is the one way ANOVA. In this study made 6 positive controls phenobarbital treatment are 54.6 mg/kgBW, negative control 1% Na CMC, the treatment of ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves 95.5 mg/kgBW: 191 mg/kgBW; 382 mg/kgBW and 573 mg/kgBW rotarod method and observing traction changes in pupil diameter and reflexes behind the body. From the test results sedation are known that the largest sedation effect is obtained at a dose of 573 mg/kgBW. The test results are analyzed with ANOVA sedation in one direction with a 95% confidence level and followed by BNT using Tukey HSD test. The test results show ANOVA there are significant differences between treatment of each dosage with a positive control. Smallest Real Differences test results are known that sedative effects of ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves at dosage of 382 mg/kgBW and the dose of 573 mg/kgBW have no significant difference with the positive control, while the dose of ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves 95.5 mg/kgBW and 191 mg/kgBW show a significant difference with positive control. It is shown that the potential of ethanol extract of sweet potato leaves at dosage of 382 mg/kgBW and the dosage of 573 mg/kgBW is equivalent to a positive control. Ethanol extract of leaves of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L) gives sedation effect in mice at doses of 382 mg/kgBW and 573 mg/kgBW as the positive control phenobarbital dose of dose 54.6 mg/kgBB. Key words: the effects of sedation, phenobarbital, ethanol extract of leaves of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L