7,977 research outputs found
Strong evidences for a nonextensive behavior of the rotation period in Open Clusters
Time-dependent nonextensivity in a stellar astrophysical scenario combines
nonextensive entropic indices derived from the modified Kawaler's
parametrization, and , obtained from rotational velocity distribution. These
's are related through a heuristic single relation given by , where is the cluster age. In a nonextensive
scenario, these indices are quantities that measure the degree of
nonextensivity present in the system. Recent studies reveal that the index
is correlated to the formation rate of high-energy tails present in the
distribution of rotation velocity. On the other hand, the index is
determined by the stellar rotation-age relationship. This depends on the
magnetic field configuration through the expression , where
and denote the saturation level of the star magnetic field and its
topology, respectively. In the present study, we show that the connection
is also consistent with 548 rotation period data for single
main-sequence stars in 11 Open Clusters aged less than 1 Gyr. The value of
2.5 from our unsaturated model shows that the mean magnetic field
topology of these stars is slightly more complex than a purely radial field.
Our results also suggest that stellar rotational braking behavior affects the
degree of anti-correlation between and cluster age . Finally, we suggest
that stellar magnetic braking can be scaled by the entropic index .Comment: 6 pages and 2 figures, accepted to EPL on October 17, 201
A nonextensive insight to the stellar initial mass function
the present paper, we propose that the stellar initial mass distributions as
known as IMF are best fitted by -Weibulls that emerge within nonextensive
statistical mechanics. As a result, we show that the Salpeter's slope of
2.35 is replaced when a -Weibull distribution is used. Our results
point out that the nonextensive entropic index represents a new approach
for understanding the process of the star-forming and evolution of massive
stars.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, Accepted to EP
Late energy injection and cosmological constraints in axino dark matter scenarios
Taking into account effects of late energy injection, we examine big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) constraints on axino dark matter scenarios with long-lived charged sleptons. We calculate 4-body slepton decays into the axino, a lepton, and a quark–antiquark pair since they govern late hadronic energy injection and associated BBN constraints. For supersymmetric hadronic axion models, we present the obtained hadronic BBN constraints and show that they can be more restrictive than the ones associated with catalyzed BBN via slepton-bound-state formation. From the BBN constraints on hadronic and electromagnetic energy release, we find new upper limits on the Peccei–Quinn scale
The compound Poisson limit ruling periodic extreme behaviour of non-uniformly hyperbolic dynamics
We prove that the distributional limit of the normalised number of returns to
small neighbourhoods of periodic points of non-uniformly hyperbolic dynamical
systems is compound Poisson. The returns to small balls around a fixed point in
the phase space correspond to the occurrence of rare events, or exceedances of
high thresholds, so that there is a connection between the laws of Return Times
Statistics and Extreme Value Laws. The fact that the fixed point in the phase
space is a repelling periodic point implies that there is a tendency for the
exceedances to appear in clusters whose average sizes is given by the Extremal
Index, which depends on the expansion of the system at the periodic point.
We recall that for generic points, the exceedances, in the limit, are
singular and occur at Poisson times. However, around periodic points, the
picture is different: the respective point processes of exceedances converge to
a compound Poisson process, so instead of single exceedances, we have entire
clusters of exceedances occurring at Poisson times with a geometric
distribution ruling its multiplicity.
The systems to which our results apply include: general piecewise expanding
maps of the interval (Rychlik maps), maps with indifferent fixed points
(Manneville-Pomeau maps) and Benedicks-Carleson quadratic maps.Comment: To appear in Communications in Mathematical Physic
Modelo de Seleção de Carteiras Baseado em Erros de Predição
Este trabalho apresenta um novo modelo de seleção de carteiras baseado em erros de
predição que captura oportunidades de investimento no curto prazo. Nós utilizamos preditores neurais auto-regressivos com referências móveis para predizer os retornos futuros das ações, e uma medida de risco baseada nos seus erros de predição foi derivada de forma a manter a mesma fundamentação estatística do modelo média-variância. O efeito da diversificação eficiente se aplica através da seleção de preditores com perfis de erros de predição baixos e complementares. Um grande conjunto de experimentos com dados reais do mercado de ações brasileiro foi conduzido para avaliar o modelo de seleção de carteiras baseado em erros de predição, o qual contou com o exame da Normalidade dos erros de predição. Nossos resultados principais mostraram que é possível obter erros de predição Normais a partir de séries de retornos não Normais, e que o modelo de seleção de carteiras baseado em erros de predição capturou corretamente oportunidades de curto prazo, desempenhando melhor que o modelo média-variância e superando o índice de mercado
Copper, nickel and zinc removal by peanut hulls: batch and column studies in mono, tri-component systems and with real effluent
The main goal of this research study was the removal of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous
solutions using peanut hulls. This work was mainly focused on the following aspects: chemical
characterization of the biosorbent, kinetic studies, study of the pH influence in mono-component
systems, equilibrium isotherms and column studies, both in mono and tri-component systems, and
with a real industrial effluent from the electroplating industry.
The chemical characterization of peanut hulls showed a high cellulose (44.8%) and lignin (36.1%)
content, which favours biosorption of metal cations.
The kinetic studies performed indicate that most of the sorption occurs in the first 30 min for all
systems. In general, a pseudo-second order kinetics was followed, both in mono and tri-component
systems. The equilibrium isotherms were better described by Freundlich model in all systems.
Peanut hulls showed higher affinity for copper than for nickel and zinc when they are both present.
The pH value between 5 and 6 was the most favourable for all systems.
The sorbent capacity in column was 0.028 and 0.025 mmol g-1 for copper, respectively in mono and
tri-component systems. A decrease of capacity for copper (50%) was observed when dealing with
the real effluent. The Yoon-Nelson, Thomas and Yan’s models were fitted to the experimental data,
being the latter the best fit
Post-partum anoestrus in Anglo-Nubian and Saanen goats raised in semi-arid of North-eastern Brazil.
The aim of this study was to verify the length of post-partum anoestrus (PPA) in Anglo-Nubian and Saanen goats raised in North-eastern Brazi
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