A process evaluation of the NIDUS-Professional dementia training intervention for UK homecare workers

Introduction This process evaluation was conducted in parallel to the randomised controlled feasibility trial of NIDUS-Professional, a manualised remote dementia training intervention for homecare workers (HCWs), delivered alongside an individualised intervention for clients living with dementia and their family carers (NIDUS-Family). The process evaluation reports on (i) intervention reach, dose, and fidelity, (ii) contexts influencing agency engagement, and (iii) alignment of findings with theoretical assumptions about how the intervention might produce change. Methods We report proportions of eligible HCWs receiving any intervention (reach), number of sessions attended (dose; attending ≥4/6 main sessions was predefined as adhering), intervention fidelity and adherence of clients and carers to NIDUS-Family (attending all 6-8 planned sessions). We interviewed HCWs, managers, family carers and facilitators. We integrated and thematically analysed, at homecare agency level, qualitative interview and intervention recording data. Results 32/141 (23%) of eligible HCWs and 7/42 (17%) of family carers received any intervention; most who did adhered to the intervention (89% and 71%). Intervention fidelity was high. We analysed interviews with 20/44 HCWs, 3/4 managers and 3/7 family carers, and intervention recordings involving 32/44 HCWs. All agencies reported structural challenges in supporting intervention delivery. Agencies with greater management buy-in had higher dose and reach. HCWs valued NIDUS-Professional for enabling group reflection and peer support, providing practical, actionable care strategies, and increasing their confidence as practitioners. Conclusion NIDUS-Professional was valued by HCWs. Agency management, culture and priorities were key barriers to implementation; we discuss how to address these in a future trial

Ab initio and semi-empirical Molecular Dynamics simulations of chemical reactions in isolated molecules and in clusters

Recent progress in "on-the-fly" trajectory simulations of molecular reactions, using different electronic structure methods is discussed, with analysis of the insights that such calculations can provide and of the strengths and limitations of the algorithms available. New developments in the use of both ab initio and semi-empirical electronic structure algorithms are described. The emphasis is on: (i) calculations of electronic properties along the reactive trajectories and the unique insights this can contribute to the processes; (ii) electronic structure methods recently introduced to this topic to improve accuracy, extend applicability or enhance computational efficiency. The methods are presented with examples, including new results, of reactions of both isolated molecules and of molecules in media, mostly clusters. Possible future directions for this fast growing field are suggested