Good and Bad in the Hands of Politicians: Spontaneous Gestures during Positive and Negative Speech

According to the body-specificity hypothesis, people with different bodily characteristics should form correspondingly different mental representations, even in highly abstract conceptual domains. In a previous test of this proposal, right- and left-handers were found to associate positive ideas like intelligence, attractiveness, and honesty with their dominant side and negative ideas with their non-dominant side. The goal of the present study was to determine whether ‘body-specific’ associations of space and valence can be observed beyond the laboratory in spontaneous behavior, and whether these implicit associations have visible consequences

Attention to Speech-Accompanying Gestures: Eye Movements and Information Uptake

There is growing evidence that addressees in interaction integrate the semantic information conveyed by speakers’ gestures. Little is known, however, about whether and how addressees’ attention to gestures and the integration of gestural information can be modulated. This study examines the influence of a social factor (speakers’ gaze to their own gestures), and two physical factors (the gesture’s location in gesture space and gestural holds) on addressees’ overt visual attention to gestures (direct fixations of gestures) and their uptake of gestural information. It also examines the relationship between gaze and uptake. The results indicate that addressees’ overt visual attention to gestures is affected both by speakers’ gaze and holds but for different reasons, whereas location in space plays no role. Addressees’ uptake of gesture information is only influenced by speakers’ gaze. There is little evidence of a direct relationship between addressees’ direct fixations of gestures and their uptake

PRISMA for abstracts: best practice for reporting abstracts of systematic reviews in Endodontology

An abstract is a brief overview of a scientific, clinical or review manuscript as well as a stand‐alone summary of a conference abstract. Scientists, clinician–scientists and clinicians rely on the summary information provided in the abstracts of systematic reviews to assist in subsequent clinical decision‐making. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) for Abstracts checklist was developed to improve the quality, accuracy and completeness of abstracts associated with systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. The PRISMA for Abstracts checklist provides a framework for authors to follow, which helps them provide in the abstract the key information from the systematic review that is required by stakeholders. The PRISMA for Abstracts checklist contains 12 items (title, objectives, eligibility criteria, information sources, risk of bias, included studies, synthesis of results, description of the effect, strength and limitations, interpretation, funding and systematic review registration) under six sections (title, background, methods, results, discussion, other). The current article highlights the relevance and importance of the items in the PRISMA for Abstracts checklist to the specialty of Endodontology, while offering explanations and specific examples to assist authors when writing abstracts for systematic reviews when reported in manuscripts or submitted to conferences. Strict adherence to the PRISMA for Abstracts checklist by authors, reviewers and journal editors will result in the consistent publication of high‐quality abstracts within Endodontology

Effect of autoclave sterilisation and heat activated sodium hypochlorite irrigation on the performance of nickel-titanium rotary files against cyclic fatigue

The present study aims to assess the impact of heat-activated sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and/or autoclave sterilisation on the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of heat-treated nickel-titanium rotary files used in root canal treatment. The CFR of One Curve (OC) files was evaluated under the following conditions: as received (Group 1; control), immersion in NaOCl at 23 ± 1ºC (Group 2), immersion in NaOCl at 60 ± 1ºC (Group 3), autoclave sterilisation at 135 1ºC (Group 4), combined treatment of autoclave sterilisation and immersion in NaOCl at 23 ± 1ºC (Group 5), and combined treatment of autoclave sterilisation and immersion in NaOCl at 60 ± 1ºC (Group 6). A simulated root canal in a zirconia block was utilised to test the performance of the files. All the types of treatments resulted in significant reductions in fracture resistance of the OC files. Immersion of the files in NaOCl at 23ºC revealed the smallest reduction, while combined treatment of autoclaving and immersion in NaOCl at 60ºC caused the greatest reduction. Autoclave sterilisation or exposure of OC files to 2.5% NaOCl adversely affect the cyclic fatigue life and increasing solution temperature or combined treatment caused additionally significant reduction in CFR

Getting to the point: The influence of communicative intent on the kinematics of pointing gestures

Contains fulltext : 116098.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 31 juli 201

Investigation of the Effect of Different Heat Treatments on Wear Behavior of AA7075 Alloy

In this study, wear behavior of AA7075 alloy applied different ageing heat treatments is examined. During each ageing heat treatment, the relevant samples are processed with solid solution at 485°C for 2 h. After the quenching process, ageing processes were performed. The T6 heat treatment is applied at 120°C for 24 h. Along the re-ageing heat treatment process, samples undergone the T6 process is taken into the solid solution at 120°C once more and aged at the given temperature for 24 h. In the high temperature heat treatment process, the samples are pre-precipitated at 445°C for 30 min and then taken to ageing process at 120°C for 24 h. Wear tests are carried out at 1 m/s constant sliding speed and under 20 N load along four different sliding distances (300-1200 m). The amount of precipitation observed from the structure exhibits difference at the second phase with respect to applied ageing heat treatment. Finest precipitation particle is observed with T6 heat treatment and the coarse precipitation is with the high temperature heat treatment. Furthermore, a relationship is determined between dimension of the second phase precipitation and hardness values

Electrical Conductivity and Corrosion Performances of In Situ and Ex Situ AA7075 Aluminum Composites

The present study investigates corrosion behaviors and electric conductivity of AA7075 in situ (TiAl₃) and ex situ (B₄C) composites produced by powder metallurgy method. In production of in situ composites, various amounts of Ti (2, 4 and 6%) are added to AA7075 and for production of ex situ composites, B₄C (3, 6, and 9%) are added. Prepared in situ and ex situ composite powders were pre-shaped at 600 MPa pressure with cold pressing. Pre-shaped samples were sintered in the atmosphere-controlled furnace at 580°C for 4 h. Corrosion test of produced composites was conducted in 0.1 M H₂SO₄ solution. As a result of these analyses, corrosion examinations on in situ manufactured composites revealed that anode and cathode currents are close to each other and those composites do not exhibit different corrosion behaviors. Corrosion rate of B₄C added ex situ composites increases by B₄C rate (due to increase of density of current)

Corrosion behaviour and electrical conductivity of reinforced TiAl₃ and B₄C hybrid aluminium composites

In this study, corrosion and electric conductivity of aluminum hybrid composites (in situ TiAl₃ and ex situ B₄C) produced by powder metallurgy are investigated. Hybrid (in situ and ex situ) aluminum composite powders are produced by adding different amounts of titanium and B₄C into AA7075 alloy powders. After the hybrid composite powders are cold pressed (600 MPa), they are sintered in atmosphere controlled furnace at 580°C for 4 h. As a result of this study, it was observed that increase of B₄C%(Ti constant) decreases density and increase of Ti%(B₄C constant) increases the density of composites. It was determined that corrosion resistances (R_{p}) of hybrid composites decreased due to interface surfaces formed between the reinforcement phase and the matrix

Investigation of Wear Behavior of Precipitation-Strengthened Nickel-Copper Based K-500 Alloy Produced by Powder Metallurgy

The present study investigates the effects of the ageing parameters of the precipitation-strengthened nickel-copper based K-500 alloy produced by powder metallurgy on the wear behavior of the alloy. After the cold pressing the prepared alloy powders under 600 MPa pressure, the samples were sintered under vacuum (10¯⁶ mbar) at 1150°C for 2 h and then cooled in the furnace. Produced K-500 alloy samples were taken into solution at 980°C for 1 h and quenched. Ageing process was carried out at 480°C for four different time periods (6, 8, 10, and 12 h). Aged samples were examined transmission electron microscope (TEM + EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness and density measurements. The wear tests were carried out at 1 ms¯¹ constant sliding speed, under 40 N load and for five different sliding distances (400-2000 m). The results showed that there is γ' Ni₃(Al, Ti) inter-metallic phase coexisting with $Al_{0.9}Ni_{4.22}$, AlNi₃ and NiO phases. According to the hardness measurements, the highest hardness values were obtained with samples aged for 8 h. In wear tests with 2000 m sliding distance, the lowest weight loss was observed for the samples aged for 8 h

Corrosion Behaviour and Electrical Conductivity of Reinforced TiAl 3

In this study, corrosion and electric conductivity of aluminum hybrid composites (in situ TiAl₃ and ex situ B₄C) produced by powder metallurgy are investigated. Hybrid (in situ and ex situ) aluminum composite powders are produced by adding different amounts of titanium and B₄C into AA7075 alloy powders. After the hybrid composite powders are cold pressed (600 MPa), they are sintered in atmosphere controlled furnace at 580°C for 4 h. As a result of this study, it was observed that increase of B₄C%(Ti constant) decreases density and increase of Ti%(B₄C constant) increases the density of composites. It was determined that corrosion resistances (R_{p}) of hybrid composites decreased due to interface surfaces formed between the reinforcement phase and the matrix