35,124 research outputs found
Vacuum Cerenkov Radiation in Lorentz-Violating Theories Without CPT Violation
In theories with broken Lorentz symmetry, Cerenkov radiation may be possible
even in vacuum. We analyze the Cerenkov emissions that are associated with the
least constrained Lorentz-violating modifications of the photon sector,
calculating the threshold energy, the frequency spectrum, and the shape of the
Mach cone. In order to obtain sensible results for the total power emitted, we
must make use of information contained within the theory which indicates at
what scale new physics must enter.Comment: 9 page
Cerenkov Radiation in a Lorentz-Violating and Birefringent Vacuum
We calculate the emission spectrum for vacuum Cerenkov radiation in
Lorentz-violating extensions of electrodynamics. We develop an approach that
works equally well if the presence or the absence of birefringence. In addition
to confirming earlier work, we present the first calculation relevant to
Cerenkov radiation in the presence of a birefringent photon k_F term,
calculating the lower-energy part of the spectrum for that case.Comment: 17 pages, version to appear in Phys. Rev.
A computational method to model radar return range in a polygonally based, computer-generated-imagery simulation
Described is a method for modeling a ground-mapping radar system for use in simulations where the terrain is in a polygonal form commonly used with computer generated imagery (CGI). The method employs a unique approach for rapidly rejecting polygons not visible to the radar to facilitate the real-time simulation of the radar return. This rapid rejection of the nonvisible polygons requires the precalculation and storage of a set of parameters that do not vary during the simulation. The calculation of a radar range as a function of the radar forward-looking angle to the CGI terrain is carried out only for the visible polygons. This method was used as part of a simulation for terrain-following helicopter operations on the vertical motion simulator at the NASA Ames Research Center. It proved to be an efficient means for returning real-time simulated radar range data
Results of an experimental program to provide low cost computer searches of the NASA information file to university graduate students in the southeast Final report
Experimental program to provide low cost computer searches of NASA information files to university graduate student
Improved Coefficient and Variance Estimation in Stable First-Order Dynamic Regression Models
In dynamic regression models the least-squares coefficient estimators are biased in finite samples, and so are the usual estimators for the disturbance variance and for the variance of the coefficient estimators. By deriving the expectation of the initial terms in an expansion of the usual expression for the asymptotic coefficient variance estimator and by comparing these with an approximation to the true variance we find an approximation to the bias in variance estimation from which a bias corrected estimator for the variance readily follows. This is also achieved for a bias corrected coefficient estimator and allows to compare analytically the second-order approximation to the mean squared error of the least-squares estimator and its counterpart for the first-order bias corrected coefficient estimator. Two rather strong results on efficiency gains through bias correction for AR(1) models follow. Illustrative simulation results on the magnitude of bias in coefficient and variance estimation and on the scope for effective bias correction and efficiency improvement are presented for some relevant particular cases of the ARX(1) class of models.
Lorentz Violation and Synchrotron Radiation
We consider the radiation emitted by an ultrarelativistic charged particle
moving in a magnetic field, in the presence of an additional Lorentz-violating
interaction. In contrast with prior work, we treat a form of Lorentz violation
that is represented by a renormalizable operator. Neglecting the radiative
reaction force, the particle's trajectory can be determined exactly. The
resulting orbit is generally noncircular and does not lie in the place
perpendicular to the magnetic field. We do not consider any Lorentz violation
in the electromagnetic sector, so the radiation from the accelerated charge can
be determined by standard means, and the radiation spectrum will exhibit a
Lorentz-violating directional dependence. Using data on emission from the Crab
nebula, we can set a bound on a particular combination of Lorentz-violating
coefficients at the level.Comment: 14 page
Generalised photon sieves: fine control of complex fields with simple pinhole arrays
Spatial shaping of light beams has led to numerous new applications in fields such as imaging, optical communication, and micromanipulation. However, structured radiation is less well explored beyond visible optics, where methods for shaping fields are more limited. Binary amplitude filters are often used in these regimes and one such example is a photon sieve consisting of an arrangement of pinholes, the positioning of which can tightly focus incident radiation. Here, we describe a method to design generalized photon sieves: arrays of pinholes that generate arbitrary structured complex fields at their foci. We experimentally demonstrate this approach by the production of Airy and Bessel beams, and Laguerre–Gaussian and Hermite–Gaussian modes. We quantify the beam fidelity and photon sieve efficiency, and also demonstrate control over additional unwanted diffraction orders and the incorporation of aberration correction. The fact that these photon sieves are robust and simple to construct will be useful for the shaping of short- or long-wavelength radiation and eases the fabrication challenges set by more intricately patterned binary amplitude masks
Sterilization of liquids by filtration and certification of probability
Sterilization of liquids by hydrosol filtratio
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