5,676 research outputs found
The Effects Of Self-referencing In The Processing Of Linear Ordering Relations
The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effects of self referencing in the processing of linear ordering relations in a task designed to simulate certain aspects of classroom mathematics instruction. In each of three experiments, undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory psychology course were asked to read a series of paragraphs each of which contained a 5-term linear ordering relation (e.g., {dollar}\rm A\u3eB\u3eC\u3eD\u3eE).{dollar} After this information was encoded, subjects were asked to make pair-wise comparisons of these 5 terms. Two major factors were tested: the inclusion of a You term (Self-Referencing) among the 5 terms, and the position of the You term (Position of Self-Referencing) in the ordering. In Experiment 1, the You term was placed at three positions: first, third and fifth. Experiment 2 extended the investigation to all five positions. Experiment 3 was designed to replicate the findings from the previous two experiments and to increase the power of statistical tests of the Self-Referencing effect. The results of all three experiments were consistent. Self-Referencing did not result in a difference in overall performance. However, the Position effect and the interaction of Self-Referencing with other variables demonstrated that self-referencing had a strong impact on cognitive processing. When the You term was included, subjects appeared to use it as a focus in organizing information, and the further away this self-focus point was from the endpoints, the worse performance became. When test questions were related to the self, reaction times were shorter, whereas when questions did not involve a self term, reaction times were slower. The endpoint effect and the distance effect reported in previous research were also tested. It was found that when the You term was included in various positions in the linear ordering, the endpoint effect changed accordingly. The distance effect was not evident in the present research. Implications for educational and cognitive research were discussed
Near-IR studies of recurrent nova V745 Scorpii during its 2014 outburst
The recurrent nova (RN) V745 Scorpii underwent its third known outburst on
2014 February 6. Infrared monitoring of the eruption on an almost daily basis,
starting from 1.3d after discovery, shows the emergence of a powerful blast
wave generated by the high velocity nova ejecta exceeding 4000 kms
plowing into its surrounding environment. The temperature of the shocked gas is
raised to a high value exceeding 10K immediately after outburst
commencement. The energetics of the outburst clearly surpass those of similar
symbiotic systems like RS Oph and V407 Cyg which have giant secondaries. The
shock does not show a free-expansion stage but rather shows a decelerative
Sedov-Taylor phase from the beginning. Such strong shockfronts are known to be
sites for ray generation. V745 Sco is the latest nova, apart from five
other known novae, to show ray emission. It may be an important
testbed to resolve the crucial question whether all novae are generically
ray emitters by virtue of having a circumbinary reservoir of material
that is shocked by the ejecta rather than ray generation being
restricted to only symbiotic systems with a shocked red giant (RG) wind. The
lack of a free-expansion stage favors V745 Sco to have a density enhancement
around the white dwarf (WD), above that contributed by a RG wind. Our analysis
also suggests that the WD in V745 Sco is very massive and a potential
progenitor for a future SN Ia explosion.Comment: To appear in ApJ (Letters
Unraveling the Infrared Transient VVV-WIT-06: The Case for the Origin as a Classical Nova
Indexación: Scopus.E.Y.H. acknowledges the support provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1613472 and by the Florida Space Grant Consortium. L.G. acknowledges support from the FINCA visitor programme. The research work at the Physical Research Laboratory is funded by the Department of Space, Government of India. Facility: Magellan: Baade(FIRE).The enigmatic near-infrared transient VVV-WIT-06 underwent a large-amplitude eruption of unclear origin in 2013 July. Based on its light curve properties and late-time post-outburst spectra, various possibilities have been proposed in the literature for the origin of the object, namely a Type I supernova, a classical nova (CN), or a violent stellar merger event. We show that, of these possibilities, an origin in a CN outburst convincingly explains the observed properties of VVV-WIT-06. We estimate that the absolute K-band magnitude of the nova at maximum was M k = -8.2 ±0.5, its distance d = 13.35 ±2.18 kpc, and the extinction A v = 15.0 ±0.55 mag. © 2018. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aae5d
Structural and functional analysis of the E. coli NusB-S10 transcription antitermination complex.
Experimental Studies of Low-field Landau Quantization in Two-dimensional Electron Systems in GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructures
By applying a magnetic field perpendicular to GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional
electron systems, we study the low-field Landau quantization when the thermal
damping is reduced with decreasing the temperature. Magneto-oscillations
following Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) formula are observed even when their
amplitudes are so large that the deviation to such a formula is expected. Our
experimental results show the importance of the positive magneto-resistance to
the extension of SdH formula under the damping induced by the disorder.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Early Observations and Analysis of the Type 1a SN 2014J in M82
We present optical and near infrared (NIR) observations of the nearby Type Ia SN 2014J. Seventeen optical and 23 NIR spectra were obtained from 10 days before (-10d) to 10 days after (+10d) the time of maximum B-band brightness. The relative strengths of absorption features and their patterns of development can be compared at one day intervals throughout most of this period. Carbon is not detected in the optical spectra, but we identify C I lambda 1.0693 in the NIR spectra. Mg II lines with high oscillator strengths have higher initial velocities than other Mg II lines. We show that the velocity differences can be explained by differences in optical depths due to oscillator strengths. The spectra of SN 2014J show that it is a normal SN Ia, but many parameters are near the boundaries between normal and high-velocity subclasses. The velocities for OI, Mg II, Si II, S Ca a, and Fell suggest that SN 2014J has a layered structure with little or no mixing. That result is consistent with the delayed detonation explosion models. We also report photometric observations, obtained from -10d to +29d, in the UBVRIJH and K-s bands. The template fitting package SNooPy is used to interpret the light curves and to derive photometric parameters. Using R-v = 1.46, which is consistent with previous studies, SNooPy finds that A(v) = 1.80 for E(B - V)(host) = 1.23 +/- 0.06 mag. The maximum B-band brightness of -19.19 +/- 0.10 mag was reached on February 1.74 UT +/- 0.13 days and the supernova has a decline parameter, Delta m(15), of 1.12 +/- 0.02 mag
Static and dynamic properties of large polymer melts in equilibrium
We present a detailed study of the static and dynamic behavior of long
semiflexible polymer chains in a melt. Starting from previously obtained fully
equilibrated high molecular weight polymer melts [{\it Zhang et al.} ACS Macro
Lett. 3, 198 (2014)] we investigate their static and dynamic scaling behavior
as predicted by theory. We find that for semiflexible chains in a melt, results
of the mean square internal distance, the probability distributions of the
end-to-end distance, and the chain structure factor are well described by
theoretical predictions for ideal chains. We examine the motion of monomers and
chains by molecular dynamics simulations using the ESPResSo++ package. The
scaling predictions of the mean squared displacement of inner monomers, center
of mass, and relations between them based on the Rouse and the reptation theory
are verified, and related characteristic relaxation times are determined.
Finally we give evidence that the entanglement length as determined
by a primitive path analysis (PPA) predicts a plateau modulus,
, consistent with stresses obtained from the
Green-Kubo relation. These comprehensively characterized equilibrium
structures, which offer a good compromise between flexibility, small ,
computational efficiency, and small deviations from ideality provide ideal
starting states for future non-equilibrium studies.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, to be published in J. Chem. Phys. (2016
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