31,573 research outputs found
Intrinsic interface exchange coupling of ferromagnetic nanodomains in a charge ordered manganite
We present a detailed magnetic study of the Pr1/3Ca2/3MnO3 manganite, where
we observe the presence of small ferromagnetic (FM) domains (diameter ~ 10A)
immersed within the charge-ordered antiferromagnetic (AFM) host. Due to the
interaction of the FM nanodroplets with a disordered AFM shell, the
low-temperature magnetization loops present exchange bias (EB) under cooling in
an applied magnetic field. Our analysis of the cooling field dependence of the
EB yields an antiferromagnetic interface exchange coupling comparable to the
bulk exchange constant of the AFM phase. We also observe training effect of the
EB, which is successfully described in terms of a preexisting relaxation model
developed for other classical EB systems. This work provides the first evidence
of intrinsic interface exchange coupling in phase separated manganites.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
The effect of Mach number on unstable disturbances in shock/boundary-layer interactions
The effect of Mach number on the growth of unstable disturbances in a boundary layer undergoing a strong interaction with an impinging oblique shock wave is studied by direct numerical simulation and linear stability theory (LST). To reduce the number of independent parameters, test cases are arranged so that both the interaction location Reynolds number (based on the distance from the plate leading edge to the shock impingement location for a corresponding inviscid flow) and the separation bubble length Reynolds number are held fixed. Small-amplitude disturbances are introduced via both white-noise and harmonic forcing and, after verification that the disturbances are convective in nature, linear growth rates are extracted from the simulations for comparison with parallel flow LST and solutions of the parabolized stability equations (PSE). At Mach 2.0, the oblique modes are dominant and consistent results are obtained from simulation and theory. At Mach 4.5 and Mach 6.85, the linear Navier-Stokes results show large reductions in disturbance energy at the point where the shock impinges on the top of the separated shear layer. The most unstable second mode has only weak growth over the bubble region, which instead shows significant growth of streamwise structures. The two higher Mach number cases are not well predicted by parallel flow LST, which gives frequencies and spanwise wave numbers that are significantly different from the simulations. The PSE approach leads to good qualitative predictions of the dominant frequency and wavenumber at Mach 2.0 and 4.5, but suffers from reduced accuracy in the region immediately after the shock impingement. Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes simulations are used to demonstrate that at finite amplitudes the flow structures undergo a nonlinear breakdown to turbulence. This breakdown is enhanced when the oblique-mode disturbances are supplemented with unstable Mack modes
Lambda and Anti-Lambda Hypernuclei in Relativistic Mean-field Theory
Several aspects about -hypernuclei in the relativistic mean field
theory, including the effective -nucleon coupling strengths based on
the successful effective nucleon-nucleon interaction PK1, hypernuclear magnetic
moment and -hypernuclei, have been presented. The effect of tensor
coupling in -hypernuclei and the impurity effect of to
nuclear structure have been discussed in detail.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the Sendai International Symposium
"Strangeness in Nuclear and Hadronic Systems SENDAI08
Disks around massive young stellar objects: are they common?
We present K-band polarimetric images of several massive young stellar
objects at resolutions 0.1-0.5 arcsec. The polarization vectors around
these sources are nearly centro-symmetric, indicating they are dominating the
illumination of each field. Three out of the four sources show elongated
low-polarization structures passing through the centers, suggesting the
presence of polarization disks. These structures and their surrounding
reflection nebulae make up bipolar outflow/disk systems, supporting the
collapse/accretion scenario as their low-mass siblings. In particular, S140
IRS1 show well defined outflow cavity walls and a polarization disk which
matches the direction of previously observed equatorial disk wind, thus
confirming the polarization disk is actually the circumstellar disk. To date, a
dozen massive protostellar objects show evidence for the existence of disks;
our work add additional samples around MYSOs equivalent to early B-type stars.Comment: 9 pages, including 2 figures, 1 table, to appear on ApJ
Transient response under ultrafast interband excitation of an intrinsic graphene
The transient evolution of carriers in an intrinsic graphene under ultrafast
excitation, which is caused by the collisionless interband transitions, is
studied theoretically. The energy relaxation due to the quasielastic acoustic
phonon scattering and the interband generation-recombination transitions due to
thermal radiation are analyzed. The distributions of carriers are obtained for
the limiting cases when carrier-carrier scattering is negligible and when the
intercarrier scattering imposes the quasiequilibrium distribution. The
transient optical response (differential reflectivity and transmissivity) on a
probe radiation and transient photoconductivity (response on a weak dc field)
appears to be strongly dependent on the relaxation and recombination dynamics
of carriers.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure
A Practical Guide for X-Ray Diffraction Characterization of Ga(Al, In)N Alloys
Ga(In, Al)N alloys are used as an active layer or cladding layer in light
emitting diodes and laser diodes. x-ray diffraction is extensively used to
evaluate the crystalline quality, the chemical composition and the residual
strain in Ga(Al,In)N thin films, which directly determine the emission
wavelength and the device performance. Due to the minor mismatch in lattice
parameters between Ga(Al, In)N alloy and a GaN virtual substrate, x-ray
diffraction comes to a problem to separate the signal from Ga(Al,In)N alloy and
GaN. We give a detailed comparison on different diffraction planes. In order to
balance the intensity and peak separation between Ga(Al,In)N alloy and GaN,
(0004) and (1015) planes make the best choice for symmetric scan and asymmetric
scan, respectively.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure
Steady-state MreB helices inside bacteria: dynamics without motors
Within individual bacteria, we combine force-dependent polymerization
dynamics of individual MreB protofilaments with an elastic model of
protofilament bundles buckled into helical configurations. We use variational
techniques and stochastic simulations to relate the pitch of the MreB helix,
the total abundance of MreB, and the number of protofilaments. By comparing our
simulations with mean-field calculations, we find that stochastic fluctuations
are significant. We examine the quasi-static evolution of the helical pitch
with cell growth, as well as timescales of helix turnover and denovo
establishment. We find that while the body of a polarized MreB helix treadmills
towards its slow-growing end, the fast-growing tips of laterally associated
protofilaments move towards the opposite fast-growing end of the MreB helix.
This offers a possible mechanism for targeted polar localization without
cytoplasmic motor proteins.Comment: 7 figures, 1 tabl
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